农村老年人生活自理能力性别差异分析——基于CHARLS(2015)数据的实证分析
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摘要
基于2015年中国健康与养老服务追踪调查(CHARLS)数据,分析农村老年人生活自理能力的性别差异。农村男性老年人生活自理能力整体优于女性,不同年龄段女性和男性生活自理能力的差异程度不同。同性别而言,老年人在各个年龄段工具性日常生活自理能力低于日常生活自理能力。同一项目不同性别之间,则女性生活自理能力均低于男性,在70岁之后,男性工具性日常生活自理能力下降较快。年龄、子女数量、自评健康、养老保险、医疗保险及慢性病在一定程度上造成了农村老年人生活自理能力上的性别差异。结合农村老年人生活自理能力的性别差异,制定老年健康相关政策,对提高老年人生活质量有一定的现实意义。
The article based on the data of CHARLS 2015,analyzes the gender differences of self-care ability of the elderly in different characteristics.The study found that:There are gender differences in the self-care ability of the elderly in rural areas.As a whole,male have better self-care ability than women.There are gender differences among different age groups in the self-care ability.In age groups of elderly of the same gender,IADL is lower than ADL.In the same project,the self-care ability of the female was lower than that of the male,and after the age of 70,the elderly's IADL decreased rapidly.The results also found that the age,the number of children,self-report health,pension insurance,medical insurance and chronic diseases to some extent have caused the gender differences of the self-care ability of the elderly in rural areas.It has practical significance to improve the quality of life of the elderly that combining with the gender differences of the rural elderly's self-care ability to formulate health policies for the elderly.
The article based on the data of CHARLS 2015,analyzes the gender differences of self-care ability of the elderly in different characteristics.The study found that:There are gender differences in the self-care ability of the elderly in rural areas.As a whole,male have better self-care ability than women.There are gender differences among different age groups in the self-care ability.In age groups of elderly of the same gender,IADL is lower than ADL.In the same project,the self-care ability of the female was lower than that of the male,and after the age of 70,the elderly's IADL decreased rapidly.The results also found that the age,the number of children,self-report health,pension insurance,medical insurance and chronic diseases to some extent have caused the gender differences of the self-care ability of the elderly in rural areas.It has practical significance to improve the quality of life of the elderly that combining with the gender differences of the rural elderly's self-care ability to formulate health policies for the elderly.
引文
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[21]Adina Zeki Al Hazzouri,Abla MehioSibai,et al.Gender Differences in Physical Disability Among Older Adults in Underprivileged Communities in Lebanon[J].Journal of Aging and Health,2011,23(2):367-382.
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[27]姜秀花.中国公民健康水平的性别差异---基于第三期中国妇女社会地位调查数据的分析[J].中华女子学院学报,2014,26(3):38-44.
[28]曾毅,柳玉芝,萧振禹,张纯元.中国高龄老人的社会经济与健康状况[J].中国人口科学,2004,(S1):6-15+176.
[29]魏蒙,王红漫.中国老年人失能轨迹的性别、城乡及队列差异[J].人口与发展,2017,23(5):74-81+98.
[30]Lisa A.Tseng,Matthew J.Delmonico,etal.Body Composition Explains Sex Differential in Physical Performance Among Older Adults[J].Journals of Gerontology:MEDICAL SCIENCES Cite journal as:J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci,2014,69(1):93-100.
[31]马悦,卞爱琳,王小飞,王俊雄,周信子.天津地区不同性别与年龄老年人肌肉减少症患病率的差异研究[J].中国全科医学,2017,20(26):3267-3271.
[32]李建新,李毅.性别视角下中国老年人健康差异分析[J].人口研究,2009,33(2):48-57.
[33]宋爱芹,郭立燕,梁亚军,翟景花,王文军.老年人生活活动能力评定及其影响因素分析[J].医学与社会,2012,25(12):14-16.
[34]仲亚琴,高月霞,王健.中国农村老年人自评健康和日常活动能力的性别差异[J].医学与哲学(A),2014,35(2):37-39.
[2]Verbrugge,Lois M.The Twains Meet:Empirical Explanations for Sex Differences in Health and Mortality[J].Journal of Health and Social Behavior 1989,30:282-304.
[3]Toshiko Kaneda,Zachary Zimmer,Xianghua Fang,Zhe Tang.Gender Differences in Functional Health and Mortality Among the Chinese Elderly:Testing an Exposure Versus Vulnerability Hypothesis[J].Research on Aging,2009,31(3):361-388.
[4]温兴祥.中老年人生活自理能力的性别差异之谜[J].人口研究,2017,41(3):76-86.
[5]Rittweger J,Kwiet A,Felsenberg D.Physical performance in aging elite athletes:challenging the limits of physiology[J].J Musculoskelet,2004,4:159.
[6]Lloyd-Sherlock P.Nussbaum,capabilities and older people[J].J Int Dev,2002,14:1163-73.
[7]Pedro A.Latorre-Roma'n,Jose'A.Laredo-Aguilera.et al.Physical activity,weight and functional limitations in elderly Spanish people:the National Health Survey(2009-2014)[J].The European Journal of Public Health,January 2018,1-6.
[8]Riaan Botes,Karin M.Vermeulen,etal.Functional health state description and valuation by people aged 65 and over:a pilot study[J].BMC Geriatrics,2018,18:11.
[9]Sun F,Norman IJ,While AE.Physical activity in older people:a systematic review[J].BMC Public Health,2013,13:449.
[10]Bauman A,Bull F,Chey T,et al.The international prevalence study on physical activity:results from 20 countries[J].Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act,2009,6:21-61.
[11]赵忠.我国农村人口的健康状况及影响因素[J].管理世界,2006,(3):78-85.
[12]Itziar Vergara,Amaia Bilbao,etal.Validation of the Spanish version of the Lawton IADL Scale for its application in elderly people[J].Health and Quality of Life Outcomes,2012,10:130.
[13]Dunlop DD,ManheimLM,Sohn MW,Liu X:Incidence of functional limitation in older adults:the impact of gender,race and chronic conditions[J].Arch Phys Med Rehabil,2002,83:964-971.
[14]Koukouli S,Vlachonikoils IG,Philalithis A:Socio-demographic factors and self-reported functional status;the significance of social support[J].BMC Health Serv Res,2002,2:20.
[15]Mattos et al.Factors associated with functional incapacity in elders living in long stay institutions in Brazil:a cross-sectional study[J].BMC Geriatrics,2014,14:47.
[16]Shinichi Demura,Susumu Sato,Masaki Minami and Kohsho Kasuga.Gender and Age Differences in Basic ADL Ability on the Elderly:Comparison between the Independent and the Dependent Elderly[J].Journal of Physiological Anthropology and Applied Human Science,2002,11:1.
[17]Sato S,Demura S,Tanaka K,Kasuga K,Kobayashi H ADL ability characteristics of partially dependent older people:gender and age differences in ADL ability[J].Environ Health Prev Med,2001,6:92-96.
[18]Soon U,Asberg KH Assessment of activities of daily living in the elderly:a study of a population of 76-year-olds in Gothenberg,Sweden[J].Scand J Rehab Med,1991,23:193-202.
[19]Lamb VL Gender differences in correlates of disablement among the elderly in Egypt[J].Soc Sci Med,1997;45:127-136.
[20]Ranberg KA,Christensen K,Jeune B,Skytthe A,Vasegaard L,Vaupel JW Declining physical abilities with age:a cross-sectional study of older twins and centenarians in Denmark[J].Age and Ageing,1999,28:378-383.
[21]Adina Zeki Al Hazzouri,Abla MehioSibai,et al.Gender Differences in Physical Disability Among Older Adults in Underprivileged Communities in Lebanon[J].Journal of Aging and Health,2011,23(2):367-382.
[22]Merrill,S.S.,Seeman,T.E.,Kasl,S.V.,&Berkman,L.F.Gender differences in the comparison of self-reported disability and performance measures[J].Journal of Gerontology Series A,Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences,1997,52(1):M19-M26.
[23]Weaver,G.D.,Kuo,Y.F.,et al.Pain and disability in older Mexican-American adults[J].Journal of American Geriatric Society,2009,57:992-999.
[24]张文娟,李树茁,胡平.农村老年人日常生活自理能力的性别差异研究[J].人口与经济,2003,(4):75-80+43.
[25]熊跃根,杨雪.我国城市老年人健康水平的性别差异研究---基于CHARLS数据的实证分析[J].江苏行政学院学报,2016,(4):56-65.
[26]全国妇联妇女研究所课题组.社会转型中的中国妇女社会地位[C].北京:中国妇女出版社,2006.
[27]姜秀花.中国公民健康水平的性别差异---基于第三期中国妇女社会地位调查数据的分析[J].中华女子学院学报,2014,26(3):38-44.
[28]曾毅,柳玉芝,萧振禹,张纯元.中国高龄老人的社会经济与健康状况[J].中国人口科学,2004,(S1):6-15+176.
[29]魏蒙,王红漫.中国老年人失能轨迹的性别、城乡及队列差异[J].人口与发展,2017,23(5):74-81+98.
[30]Lisa A.Tseng,Matthew J.Delmonico,etal.Body Composition Explains Sex Differential in Physical Performance Among Older Adults[J].Journals of Gerontology:MEDICAL SCIENCES Cite journal as:J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci,2014,69(1):93-100.
[31]马悦,卞爱琳,王小飞,王俊雄,周信子.天津地区不同性别与年龄老年人肌肉减少症患病率的差异研究[J].中国全科医学,2017,20(26):3267-3271.
[32]李建新,李毅.性别视角下中国老年人健康差异分析[J].人口研究,2009,33(2):48-57.
[33]宋爱芹,郭立燕,梁亚军,翟景花,王文军.老年人生活活动能力评定及其影响因素分析[J].医学与社会,2012,25(12):14-16.
[34]仲亚琴,高月霞,王健.中国农村老年人自评健康和日常活动能力的性别差异[J].医学与哲学(A),2014,35(2):37-39.