某型汽车空气路径噪声贡献分析
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摘要
在低速行驶时车内噪声主要贡献来源于结构路径噪声,随着车速的提高,空气路径噪声对车内噪声的贡献逐渐增大。针对某型前置后驱车车内目标点进行空气声的传递路径分析,提出分析发动机舱室空气声、排气噪声、轮胎噪声对车内噪声贡献的流程和方法。首先根据互易原理测量各个空气噪声源到车内目标点的声学传递函数,在实际行驶工况下测试各个空气声源点的噪声数据,再根据谱分析理论,结合输入与输出之间的重相干函数计算空气路径噪声对车内噪声的贡献量,比较不同工况、不同频率空气声路径噪声对车内噪声的影响,最后对该车型的空气声贡献情况进行总结,并对车辆的优化设计提出合理化建议。
The interior noise of vehicles mainly originates from the structure borne noise at low speeds, but the air borne noise contribution cannot be ignored when the vehicles running at high speeds. In order to understand the air borne noise contribution, a transfer path analysis(TPA) model for engine compartment noise, exhaust noise and tire noise analyses of a car is established. According to reciprocity principle, the transfer functions between input and output are presented.Under the actual driving condition, the sound pressure data is measured. Then the noise contribution of each air borne path is calculated based on the spectrum analysis theory. By mutually comparing the air borne noise contributions under different driving conditions, some feasible suggestions for interior noise reduction are proposed.
The interior noise of vehicles mainly originates from the structure borne noise at low speeds, but the air borne noise contribution cannot be ignored when the vehicles running at high speeds. In order to understand the air borne noise contribution, a transfer path analysis(TPA) model for engine compartment noise, exhaust noise and tire noise analyses of a car is established. According to reciprocity principle, the transfer functions between input and output are presented.Under the actual driving condition, the sound pressure data is measured. Then the noise contribution of each air borne path is calculated based on the spectrum analysis theory. By mutually comparing the air borne noise contributions under different driving conditions, some feasible suggestions for interior noise reduction are proposed.
引文
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[2]GAJDATSY P,JANSSENS K,DESMET W,et al.Application of the transmissibility concept in transfer path analysis[J].Mechanical Systems&Signal Processing,2010,24(7):1963-1976.
[3]SHIN K,LEE S,LEE D R,et al.Vibration analysis for GDI components using partial coherence function[J].SAEInternational Journal of Passenger Cars-Mechanical Systems,2013,6(2):1070-1077.
[4]申秀敏,左曙光,李林,等.燃料电池车车内空气声传递路径分析[C].中国汽车工程学会年会.天津,2008.
[5]VECCHIO A,AUWERAER H V D.Transfer path analysis in the critical path of vehicle refinement:The role of fast,hybrid and operational path analysis[C].SAE-Noise and vibration conference,2007.
[6]郭荣,余卓平,左曙光,等.燃料电池轿车空气声传递路径分析及控制[J].江苏大学学报(自然科学版),2011,4:394-399.
[7]SOTTEK R,SELLERBECK P,KLEMENZ M.An artificial head which speaks from its ears:investigations on reciprocal transfer path analysis in vehicles,using a binaural sound source[J].Sae Technical Papers,DOI:10.4271/2003-01-1635.
[8]郭荣,裘剡,房怀庆,等.频域传递路径分析方法(TPA)的研究进展[J].振动与冲击振动与冲击,2013,32(13):49-55.
[9]LINDEN P J G VAN DER,FUN J K.Using mechanicalacoustic reciprocity for diagnosis of structure borne sound in vehicles[C].SAE International,1993.
[10]郭琴,邱小军.传声器风噪声和防风罩降噪性能仿真研究[C].全国声学学术会议.武汉,2016.