绿色基础设施的洪水调节服务供需测度研究进展
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摘要
绿色基础设施(green infrastructure, GI)可提供高效且可获取的洪水调节服务,其供需测度是提升服务水平的基础与前提,可为城市土地利用与绿色基础设施规划提供决策依据。以GI洪水调节服务供需为研究对象,梳理GI洪水调节服务供需的概念内涵、主体构成和尺度关系。回顾了GI洪水调节服务供需测度方法,包括土地利用测度法、生态系统测度法和洪水调蓄模型法等供应水平测度方法,以及风险评估法、洪水淹没模型法和经济损失法等需求水平测度方法。基于生态系统服务的供需关系,构建了GI洪水调节服务供需分析框架,通过供需数量均衡和空间匹配将供需关系分为四种情景,对应服务动态平衡、调整服务供需水平和服务流动机制3种调控手段。从服务测度重点、动态变化分析、供需阈值效能、服务流动机制等四个方面提出了未来研究方向,以期对绿色基础设施规划研究和生态系统服务管理与决策研究有所启示。
Green infrastructure can provide efficient and accessible flood regulation ecosystem services; the measurement of supply and demand is the basis and prerequisite for improving ecosystem services and can provide decision-making information for land use planning and green infrastructure planning. This paper elaborates on the flood regulation ecosystem services of green infrastructure, including the conceptual connotation, main body composition, and relationship for each scale of supply and demand. Various methods of measurement for flood regulation service supply and demand are reviewed; the methods for supply measurement include land use method, ecosystem methods, and the flood storage model, while the methods for demand include the risk assessment method, flood submerged model, and economic loss statistics. Based on the existing research on the supply and demand of ecosystem services, we envisage a supply and demand analysis framework for flood regulation services. Through quantity balance and space matching for supply and demand, the relationship of supply and demand is divided into four scenarios. For each scenario, there are three regulation strategies: regulation for supply and demand toward dynamic balance, adjustment of supply and demand for quantity match, and service flow mechanism for the spatial match. Finally, we summarize deficiencies in the current research and propose future research directions with the aim of enlightening research on green infrastructure planning and ecosystem service management and decision-making.
Green infrastructure can provide efficient and accessible flood regulation ecosystem services; the measurement of supply and demand is the basis and prerequisite for improving ecosystem services and can provide decision-making information for land use planning and green infrastructure planning. This paper elaborates on the flood regulation ecosystem services of green infrastructure, including the conceptual connotation, main body composition, and relationship for each scale of supply and demand. Various methods of measurement for flood regulation service supply and demand are reviewed; the methods for supply measurement include land use method, ecosystem methods, and the flood storage model, while the methods for demand include the risk assessment method, flood submerged model, and economic loss statistics. Based on the existing research on the supply and demand of ecosystem services, we envisage a supply and demand analysis framework for flood regulation services. Through quantity balance and space matching for supply and demand, the relationship of supply and demand is divided into four scenarios. For each scenario, there are three regulation strategies: regulation for supply and demand toward dynamic balance, adjustment of supply and demand for quantity match, and service flow mechanism for the spatial match. Finally, we summarize deficiencies in the current research and propose future research directions with the aim of enlightening research on green infrastructure planning and ecosystem service management and decision-making.
引文
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[7] 傅伯杰, 张立伟. 土地利用变化与生态系统服务: 概念、方法与进展. 地理科学进展, 2014, 33(4): 441-446.
[8] Vallecillo S, Polce C, Barbosa A, Perpiňa Castillo C, Vandecasteele I, Rusch G M, Maes J. Spatial alternatives for Green Infrastructure planning across the EU: an ecosystem service perspective. Landscape and Urban Planning, 2018, 174: 41-54.
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[15] Burkhard B, Kroll F, Nedkov S, Müller F. Mapping ecosystem service supply, demand and budgets. Ecological Indicators, 2012, 21: 17-29.
[16] Ritzema H, Kirkpatrick H, Stibinger J, Heinhuis H, Belting H, Schrijver R, Diemont H. Water management supporting the delivery of ecosystem services for grassland, heath and moorland. Sustainability, 2016, 8(5): 440-440.
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[18] 张炜, 杰克·艾亨, 刘晓明. 生态系统服务评估在美国城市绿色基础设施建设中的应用进展评述. 风景园林, 2017, (2): 101-108.
[19] 邹锦, 颜文涛, 曹静娜, 叶林. 绿色基础设施实施的规划学途径——基于与传统规划技术体系融合的方法. 中国园林, 2014, 30(9): 92-95.
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[21] Villamagna A M, Angermeier P L, Bennett E M. Capacity, pressure, demand, and flow: a conceptual framework for analyzing ecosystem service provision and delivery. Ecological Complexity, 2013, 15: 114-121.
[22] Groot R S, Wilson M A, Boumans R M J. A typology for the classification, description and valuation of ecosystem functions, goods and services. Ecological Economics, 2002, 41(3): 393-408.
[23] Tallis H, Polasky S. Mapping and valuing ecosystem services as an approach for conservation and natural-resource management. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2009, 1162(1): 265-283.
[24] 吕一河, 胡健, 孙飞翔, 张立伟. 水源涵养与水文调节: 和而不同的陆地生态系统水文服务. 生态学报, 2015, 35(15): 5191-5196.
[25] Nedkov S, Burkhard B. Flood regulating ecosystem services—Mapping supply and demand, in the Etropole municipality, Bulgaria. Ecological Indicators, 2012, 21: 67-79.
[26] Haines-Young R, Potschin M, Kienast F. Indicators of ecosystem service potential at European scales: mapping marginal changes and trade-offs. Ecological Indicators, 2012, 21: 39-53.
[27] Wei H J, Fan W G, Wang X C, Lu N C, Dong X B, Zhao Y N, Ya X J, Zhao Y F. Integrating supply and social demand in ecosystem services assessment: a review. Ecosystem Services, 2017, 25: 15-27.
[28] Martínez-Harms M J, Balvanera P. Methods for mapping ecosystem service supply: a review. International Journal of Biodiversity Science, Ecosystem Services & Management, 2012, 8(1/2): 17-25.
[29] 严岩, 朱捷缘, 吴钢, 詹云军. 生态系统服务需求、供给和消费研究进展. 生态学报, 2017, 37(8): 2489-2496.
[30] 马琳, 刘浩, 彭建, 吴健生. 生态系统服务供给和需求研究进展. 地理学报, 2017, 72(7): 1277-1289.
[31] Baró F, Haase D, Gómez-Baggethun E, Frantzeskaki N. Mismatches between ecosystem services supply and demand in urban areas: a quantitative assessment in five European cities. Ecological Indicators, 2015, 55: 146-158.
[32] 白杨, 王敏, 李晖, 黄沈发, Alatalo J M. 生态系统服务供给与需求的理论与管理方法. 生态学报, 2017, 37(17): 5846-5852.
[33] Serna-Chavez H M, Schulp C J E, van Bodegom P M, Bouten W, Verburg P H, Davidson M D. A quantitative framework for assessing spatial flows of ecosystem services. Ecological Indicators, 2014, 39: 24-33.
[34] 罗静茹, 张德顺, 刘鸣, 哈拉尔德·策普. 城市生态系统服务的量化评估与制图——以德国盖尔森基辛市沙克尔协会地区为例. 风景园林, 2016, (5): 41-49.
[35] Sohel M S I, Mukul S A, Burkhard B. Landscape′s capacities to supply ecosystem services in Bangladesh: a mapping assessment for Lawachara National Park. Ecosystem Services, 2015, 12: 128-135.
[36] 吴炳方, 黄进良, 沈良标. 湿地的防洪功能分析评价——以东洞庭湖为例. 地理研究, 2000, 19(2): 189-193.
[37] 饶恩明, 肖燚, 欧阳志云. 中国湖库洪水调蓄功能评价. 自然资源学报, 2014, 29(8): 1356-1365.
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