散养黄羽肉鸡CAPN1、H-FABP基因表达的发育性变化及其肌内脂肪含量的研究
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摘要
为探讨在散养条件下黄羽肉鸡CAPN1、H-FABP基因与其生长发育和肌内脂肪(IMF)含量的关系,试验以130羽3周龄体重接近,健康商品代黄羽肉鸡母鸡为试验材料,随机分为笼养组(对照组)和散养组(试验组),采集在不同周龄(3、4、6、8、10、13 w)的胸肌、腿肌和腹脂组织样品共360份,采用实时荧光定量PCR法对不同生长阶段组织中CAPN1和H-FABP基因mRNA表达量进行检测,同时采用索氏抽提法测定胸肌和腿肌的IMF含量。结果表明:黄羽肉鸡的CAPN1、H-FABP基因在胸肌、腿肌和腹脂中均有不同程度的表达。随着周龄的增加,散养肉鸡CAPN1基因表达的整体变化趋势为增加—减少—增加—减少,且3～6 w其在胸肌和腹脂中的表达量均表现为笼养显著高于散养(P<0.05)。H-FABP基因的整体表达趋势随着周龄的增加而降低,在胸肌和腿肌中变化趋势相同,且均表现为散养显著高于笼养(P<0.05),在腹脂中表现为笼养高于散养(P>0.05)。与散养鸡相比,笼养鸡生长速度较快,腹脂率、IMF含量较高。本试验结果可为散养黄羽肉鸡CAPN1和H-FABP基因分子选育提供一定参考。
In order to investigate the relationship between CAPN1,H-FABP genes and the growth and intramuscular fat contentcontent(IMF) of Yellow-feathered broilers under the free-range feeding system,130 3-week-old health Yellow-feathered broiler hens with similar weight were selected as test material and randomly divided into two groups with cage rearing(control group) and free-range group(test group).A total of 360 samples of chest muscles,leg muscles and abdominal fat of Yellow-feathered broiler hens were collected,the CAPN1 and H-FABP genes mRNA expression were analyzed by Real-time quantitative PCR,and the IMF content was determined by the method of Soxhlet extraction.The results showed that the CAPN1 and H-FABP mRNAs of Yellow-feathered broilers were expressed in different degrees in the chest muscles,leg muscles and abdominal fat.With the increase of age,the overall expression trend of CAPN1 in free-range group was increase-decrease-increase-decrease,and the expression level of CAPN1 mRNA in chest and abdominal fat were significantly higher in cage rearing than that in free-range during 3 to 6 w(P<0.05).The overall expression trend of H-FABP decreased with the increasing age,and the expression trends in the chest and leg muscles were the same and they were significantly higher in free-range than the cage rearing(P<0.05).The expression of H-FABP in abdominal fat was higher in cage rearing group(P>0.05).Compared to free-range chickens,cage rearing chickens grew faster,and the rate of abdominal fat and IMF content were higher also.The test results could provide some reference for the CAPN1 and H-FABP genes molecular breeding of Yellow-feathered chickens.
In order to investigate the relationship between CAPN1,H-FABP genes and the growth and intramuscular fat contentcontent(IMF) of Yellow-feathered broilers under the free-range feeding system,130 3-week-old health Yellow-feathered broiler hens with similar weight were selected as test material and randomly divided into two groups with cage rearing(control group) and free-range group(test group).A total of 360 samples of chest muscles,leg muscles and abdominal fat of Yellow-feathered broiler hens were collected,the CAPN1 and H-FABP genes mRNA expression were analyzed by Real-time quantitative PCR,and the IMF content was determined by the method of Soxhlet extraction.The results showed that the CAPN1 and H-FABP mRNAs of Yellow-feathered broilers were expressed in different degrees in the chest muscles,leg muscles and abdominal fat.With the increase of age,the overall expression trend of CAPN1 in free-range group was increase-decrease-increase-decrease,and the expression level of CAPN1 mRNA in chest and abdominal fat were significantly higher in cage rearing than that in free-range during 3 to 6 w(P<0.05).The overall expression trend of H-FABP decreased with the increasing age,and the expression trends in the chest and leg muscles were the same and they were significantly higher in free-range than the cage rearing(P<0.05).The expression of H-FABP in abdominal fat was higher in cage rearing group(P>0.05).Compared to free-range chickens,cage rearing chickens grew faster,and the rate of abdominal fat and IMF content were higher also.The test results could provide some reference for the CAPN1 and H-FABP genes molecular breeding of Yellow-feathered chickens.
引文
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[4] 牛竹叶,刘福柱,刘志芳,等.早期限饲对肉仔鸡生产性能与肥度的影响[J].西北农林科技大学学报,2001,29(4):21-23.NIU Z Y,LIU F Z,LIU Z F,et al.Effect of early feed restriction on performance and fertility of broilers[J].Journal of Northwest A & F University,2001,29(4):21-23.(in Chinese)
[5] HOEQUETTE J F,HOCQUETTE J F,GONDRET F,et al.Intramuseular fat content in meat-producing animals:Development genetic and nutritional control and identification of Putative markers[J].Animal,2010,4(2):303-319.
[6] 杨烨.优质鸡肌内脂肪代谢调控及其与肉质性状关系的研究[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2005.YANG Y.Studies on the metabolism of intramuscular fat in quality chicken and its relationships with meat quality traits[D].Beijing:Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,2005.(in Chinese)
[7] DEVOL D L,MCKEITH P,BECHTEL P J,et al.Variation incomposition and palatability traits and relationships between muscle characteristics and palatability in a random sample of pork carcasses[J].Animal Science,1988,66:385-395.
[8] 陈继兰.鸡肉肌苷酸和肌内脂肪含量遗传规律及相关候选基因的研究[D].北京:中国农业大学,2004.CHEN J L.Studies on inheritance and candidate genes of inosine - 5’- monophosphate and intramuscular fat contents in chicken meat[D].Beijing:China Agricultural University,2004.(in Chinese)
[9] 李建军.优质肉鸡风味特性研究[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2003.LI J J.Study on flavor characteristics of high quality broiler[D].Beijing:Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,2003.(in Chinese)
[10] GLITSEH K.Consumer percreptions of fresh meat quality:Cross-national comparison[J].British Food Journal,2000,102(3):177-194.
[11] 田璐,岳文斌,李姣,等.中国西门塔尔牛CAPN1基因SNPs及其与经济性状关联分析[J].畜牧兽医学报,2011,42(6):785-789.TIAN L,YUE W B,LI J,et al.SNPs of CAPN1 gene and their association with some economic traits of Chinese Simmental cattle[J].Journal of animal husbandry and veterinary,2011,42(6):785-789.(in Chinese)
[12] 李文娟,李宏宾,文杰,等.鸡H-FABP和A-FABP基因表达与肌内脂肪含量相关研究[J].畜牧兽医学报,2006,37(5):417-423.LI W J,LI H B,WEN J,et al.Association of the H-FABP and A-FABP genes expression with intramuscular fat content in chickens[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences,2006,37(5):417-423.(in Chinese)
[13] BOEKHOLT H,VAN DER GRINTEN P,SCHREURS V,et al.Effect of dietary energy restriction on retention of protein,fat and energy in broiler chickens[J].British Poultry Science,1994,35:603.
[14] KEMP C M,SENSKY P L,BARDSLEY R Q,et al.Tenderness——An enzymatic view[J].Meat Science,2010,84:248-256.
[15] GEESINK G H,KOOHMARAIE M.Ionic strength-induced inactivation of mu-calpain in postmortem muscle[J].Journal of Animal Science,2000,78:2336.
[16] KOOHMARAIE M,KENT M P,SHACKELFORD S D,et al.Meat tenderness and muscle growth:Is there any relationship?[J].Meat Science,2002,62:345-352.
[17] LI H F,WU G,ZHANG J,YANG N.Identification of the heart-type fatty acid-binding protein as a major gene for chicken fatty acid metabolism by Bayesian network analysis[J].Poultry Science,2010,89:1825.
[18] 肖雅婷,邹爱珍.3种不同类型鸡屠宰性能的测定与比较[J].畜牧与饲料科学,2015,36(4):34-36.XIAO Y T,ZOU A Z.Determination and comparison of slaughter performance of 3 different types of chickens [J].Animal Husbandry and Feed Science,2015,36(4):34-36.(in Chinese)
[19] 王玉玲,丁淑芬,宋岩,等.索氏抽提法测定粗脂肪含量方法的探讨[J].粮食加工,2014,39(5):76-77.WANG Y L,DING S F,SONG Y,et al.Discussion of Soxhlet fat content determination[J].Grain Processing,2014,39(5):76-77.(in Chinese)
[20] 邵勇钢,臧长江,曾伟丹,等.拜城油鸡公鸡A-FABP基因多态性及其与生产性能的相关性分析[J].中国畜牧兽医,2017,44(1):141-147.SHAO Y G,ZANG C J,ZENG W D,et al.Polymorphism of A-FABP gene and its association analysis with production performance in male Baicheng fatty chicken[J].China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine,2017,44(1):141-147.(in Chinese)
[21] 周志楠,毛海彭,丁秋芸,等.巨型玫瑰冠鸡H-FABP、A-FABP基因表达的发育性变化及其肌内脂肪含量研究[J].中国畜牧兽医,2018,45(5):1289-1296.ZHOU Z N,MAO H P,DING Q Y,et al.The developmental changes of H-FABP and A-FABP genes expression and intramuscular fat content of Rose cockscomb chicken[J].China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine,2018,45(5):1289-1296.(in Chinese)
[22] SMITH T P,CASAS E,REXROAD C E,et al.Bovine CAPN1 maps to a region of BTA29 containing a quantitative trait locus for meat tenderness[J].Journal of Animal Science,2000,78:2589-2594.
[23] DEEB N,L AMONT S J.Genetic architecture of growth and body composition in unique chicken population[J].Hered,2002,93:107-118.
[24] PINTO L F B,FERRAZ T B S,MEIRELLES F V,et al.Association of SNPs on CAPN1 and CAST genes with tenderness in Nellore cattle[J].Genetics Molecular Research,2010,9(3):1431-1442.
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