分娩胎次及季节对母猪繁殖性能的影响研究
|
摘要
为了研究胎次和分娩季节对大白母猪繁殖性能的影响,试验选取1~9胎共11 373头大白母猪46 533窝的生产资料,分别分析了不同分娩胎次和季节对大白母猪总产仔数、活仔数、健仔数等繁殖性状的影响。结果表明,分娩胎次及季节对大白母猪繁殖性能均有显著影响(P<0.05);母猪总产仔数、活仔数和健仔数在1~3胎均呈现递增趋势,到第3胎最高,分别增加了0.56、0.58和0.74头;第3胎后,产仔性能呈逐步降低的趋势,至第9胎最低,分别降低了1.07、1.43和1.35头;第1胎的弱仔数和畸形数最高,第8胎的死胎数最高,而木乃伊数最低;在春季分娩的母猪总产仔数,活仔数和健仔数显著高于夏季和冬季(P<0.05),冬季分娩的母猪弱仔数最多(P<0.05),而冬季分娩的死胎数则最低。研究认为,大白母猪的最佳分娩胎次为第2~6胎,适宜的分娩季节为春季和夏季。
The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of parities and delivery seasons for the reproductive performance of Yorkshire Sows.A total of 46533 reproductive records of Yorkshire sows from an Anhui farm were used in this study.All sows were housed according to the same feeding standard.Effects of parities and delivery seasons to the reproductive performance including total litter size,number of live pigs,number of litters,number of stillbirths,number of mummies were tested.The data showed that the parity and delivery seasons all have significant effect on the reproductive performance of Yorkshire sows(P<0.05).The total litter size,number of live pigs and healthy litters of the 3 rd parity was significantly increased by 0.56,0.58 and 0.74 respectively comparing with the first parity.However,after the third parity,these reproductive performance was reduced by 1.07,1.43 and 1.35 respectively from the third parity to the ninth parity.The number of weak litters and deformity pigs were the highest in the first parity,and the number of mummy was the lowest;The number of live litters,live births,and litter size of sows in spring were significantly higher than those of summer and winter(P<0.05),The number of weak litters born in winter was significantly higher than that in autumn,spring and summer,and the number of stillbirth litters born in winter was significantly lower than that in autumn,spring and summer(P<0.05).The results demonstrated that the appropriate delivery parity of Yorkshire sows were the 2 nd to 6 th parity,and the appropriate delivery season for pigs were spring and summer.
The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of parities and delivery seasons for the reproductive performance of Yorkshire Sows.A total of 46533 reproductive records of Yorkshire sows from an Anhui farm were used in this study.All sows were housed according to the same feeding standard.Effects of parities and delivery seasons to the reproductive performance including total litter size,number of live pigs,number of litters,number of stillbirths,number of mummies were tested.The data showed that the parity and delivery seasons all have significant effect on the reproductive performance of Yorkshire sows(P<0.05).The total litter size,number of live pigs and healthy litters of the 3 rd parity was significantly increased by 0.56,0.58 and 0.74 respectively comparing with the first parity.However,after the third parity,these reproductive performance was reduced by 1.07,1.43 and 1.35 respectively from the third parity to the ninth parity.The number of weak litters and deformity pigs were the highest in the first parity,and the number of mummy was the lowest;The number of live litters,live births,and litter size of sows in spring were significantly higher than those of summer and winter(P<0.05),The number of weak litters born in winter was significantly higher than that in autumn,spring and summer,and the number of stillbirth litters born in winter was significantly lower than that in autumn,spring and summer(P<0.05).The results demonstrated that the appropriate delivery parity of Yorkshire sows were the 2 nd to 6 th parity,and the appropriate delivery season for pigs were spring and summer.
引文
[1]朱世平,孙丽,殷学梅,等.胎次对杜洛克、长白和大白母猪繁殖性能的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医,2014,41(8):197-200.
[2]呼红梅,郭建凤,朱荣生,等.胎次对杜洛克和大约克母猪繁殖性能影响的研究[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2008(3):31-33.
[3]李明,孙桂荣,王凤云,等.胎次与配种月份对大约克母猪繁殖性能的影响[J].家畜生态学报,2008,29(3):37-40.
[4]朱世平,夏日炜,孙丽,等.胎次、产仔月份及纯繁/杂交对母猪产仔性能的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医,2015,42(2):420-425.
[5]韩国辉,熊刚华.不同胎次大约克夏母猪的繁殖性能观察[J].江西农业学报,1997,9(2):8-11.
[6]伍少钦,肖有恩,陈远鹏,等.不同胎次对母猪繁殖性能的影响[J].养猪,2014(5):31-32.
[7]SCHWARZ T,NOWICKI J,TUZ R.Reproductive performance of polish large white sows in intensive production-effect of parity and season[J].Annals of Animal Science,2009,9(3):269-277.
[8]李虹仪,陈相平,许卫华,等.胎次、月份及背膘厚度对母猪繁殖性能的影响[J].浙江农业学报,2016,28(2):205-210.
[9]贾娟娟,滚双宝,林长光,等.胎次、配种及分娩月份对母猪繁殖性能的影响[J].甘肃农业大学学报,2015,50(1):1-4,13.
[10]李晓霞,曹平华,禹学礼.胎次和配种季节对PIC母猪繁殖性能的影响[J].家畜生态学报,2013,34(6):40-43.
[11]戴五洲,郑云林.胎次及分娩季节对母猪繁殖性能的影响[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2016(12):81-82.
[12]王昕陟,王松岩,张冬梅,等.胎次对杂交母猪繁殖性能的影响研究[J].中国畜牧杂志,2008,44(13):48-51.
[13]彭国良,杨景培,苏堰,许英灼.猪排卵数与胎次的相关[J].广东畜牧兽医科技,1997,22(2):14.
[14]冯艳风,刘丽,陈雪梅,等.胎次对大约克夏母猪繁殖性能的影响[J].山东畜牧兽医,2012,33(11):9-10.
[15]戴丽荷,褚晓红,路伏增,等.母猪妊娠期长短性状的影响因素分析[J].浙江农业学报,2015,27(9):1 524-1 528.
[16]DIJK A J,RENS B M,LENDE T,et al.Factors affecting duration of the expulsive stage of parturition and Piglet birth intervals in sows with uncomplicated,spontaneous farrowings[J].Theriogenology,2005,64(7):1 573-1 590.
[17]袁焰平,秦春娥,王振华,等.温度对母猪产仔性能影响的分析及适宜配种方案的探讨[J].养猪,2011(5):25-30.
[18]胡建宏.猪精液冷冻保存研究[D].陕西杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2006.
[19]李玉欣,张忠诚.气候因素对母猪繁殖力的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,1996,32(1):31-32.
[20]曾新福,陈安国.环境温度对母猪繁殖性能及仔猪生长的影响[J].家畜生态,2001,22(1):40-43.
[21]TANTASUPARUK W,LUNDEHEIM N,DALIN A M,et al.Reproductive performance of purebred Landrace and Yorkshire sows in Thailand with special reference to seasonal influence and parity number[J].Theriogenology,2000,54(3):481-496.
[2]呼红梅,郭建凤,朱荣生,等.胎次对杜洛克和大约克母猪繁殖性能影响的研究[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2008(3):31-33.
[3]李明,孙桂荣,王凤云,等.胎次与配种月份对大约克母猪繁殖性能的影响[J].家畜生态学报,2008,29(3):37-40.
[4]朱世平,夏日炜,孙丽,等.胎次、产仔月份及纯繁/杂交对母猪产仔性能的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医,2015,42(2):420-425.
[5]韩国辉,熊刚华.不同胎次大约克夏母猪的繁殖性能观察[J].江西农业学报,1997,9(2):8-11.
[6]伍少钦,肖有恩,陈远鹏,等.不同胎次对母猪繁殖性能的影响[J].养猪,2014(5):31-32.
[7]SCHWARZ T,NOWICKI J,TUZ R.Reproductive performance of polish large white sows in intensive production-effect of parity and season[J].Annals of Animal Science,2009,9(3):269-277.
[8]李虹仪,陈相平,许卫华,等.胎次、月份及背膘厚度对母猪繁殖性能的影响[J].浙江农业学报,2016,28(2):205-210.
[9]贾娟娟,滚双宝,林长光,等.胎次、配种及分娩月份对母猪繁殖性能的影响[J].甘肃农业大学学报,2015,50(1):1-4,13.
[10]李晓霞,曹平华,禹学礼.胎次和配种季节对PIC母猪繁殖性能的影响[J].家畜生态学报,2013,34(6):40-43.
[11]戴五洲,郑云林.胎次及分娩季节对母猪繁殖性能的影响[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2016(12):81-82.
[12]王昕陟,王松岩,张冬梅,等.胎次对杂交母猪繁殖性能的影响研究[J].中国畜牧杂志,2008,44(13):48-51.
[13]彭国良,杨景培,苏堰,许英灼.猪排卵数与胎次的相关[J].广东畜牧兽医科技,1997,22(2):14.
[14]冯艳风,刘丽,陈雪梅,等.胎次对大约克夏母猪繁殖性能的影响[J].山东畜牧兽医,2012,33(11):9-10.
[15]戴丽荷,褚晓红,路伏增,等.母猪妊娠期长短性状的影响因素分析[J].浙江农业学报,2015,27(9):1 524-1 528.
[16]DIJK A J,RENS B M,LENDE T,et al.Factors affecting duration of the expulsive stage of parturition and Piglet birth intervals in sows with uncomplicated,spontaneous farrowings[J].Theriogenology,2005,64(7):1 573-1 590.
[17]袁焰平,秦春娥,王振华,等.温度对母猪产仔性能影响的分析及适宜配种方案的探讨[J].养猪,2011(5):25-30.
[18]胡建宏.猪精液冷冻保存研究[D].陕西杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2006.
[19]李玉欣,张忠诚.气候因素对母猪繁殖力的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,1996,32(1):31-32.
[20]曾新福,陈安国.环境温度对母猪繁殖性能及仔猪生长的影响[J].家畜生态,2001,22(1):40-43.
[21]TANTASUPARUK W,LUNDEHEIM N,DALIN A M,et al.Reproductive performance of purebred Landrace and Yorkshire sows in Thailand with special reference to seasonal influence and parity number[J].Theriogenology,2000,54(3):481-496.