我国大洋钻探船的建造需求和功能设计
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摘要
为加快我国大洋钻探船的设计和建造,填补国内该领域的空白,保障我国对深海矿产资源的勘探和开发利用,文章概述世界主要大洋钻探船的基本情况,分析我国建造大洋钻探船的必要性和经验基础,并提出我国大洋钻探船的功能设计。研究结果表明:参与国际合作项目的大洋钻探船主要包括美国"格罗玛·挑战者"号、"乔迪斯·决心"号和日本"地球"号;从开发利用深海矿产资源和深度参与国际海底事务的角度,我国对大洋钻探船的需求迫在眉睫,且我国已在深水勘察船和钻井船等的设计和建造方面积累了宝贵经验;我国大洋钻探船的功能设计主要包括船型、总体布置、推进和定位方式、钻探和岩芯采集系统以及船载实验室等方面,应参考其他相关和类似船舶,结合我国深海大洋勘探和开发利用的具体任务需求综合设计。
In order to speed up the design and construction of China′s ocean drilling vessels,fill the gaps in this field,and ensure the exploration and exploitation of deep-sea mineral resources in China,this paper outlined the basic situation of major ocean drilling vessels in the world,analyzed the necessity and experience basis of China′s construction of ocean drilling vessels,and put forward the functional design of China′s ocean drilling vessels.The results showed that the ocean drilling vessels involved in international cooperation projects mainly include "Glomar Challenger"and"JOIDES Resolution"contributed by United States and"Chikyu"contributed by Japan.From the perspective of exploiting and utilizing deep-sea mineral resources and deeply participating in international seabed affairs,China′s demand for ocean drilling vessels is imminent,and China has already designed deep-water exploration vessels and drilling vessels.The function design of ocean drilling vessels in China mainly includes ship type,general layout,propulsion and positioning mode,drilling and core acquisition system and ship-borne laboratory,etc.It should refer to other related and similar ships,and integrate with the specific task requirements of deep-sea exploration and development and utilization in China.
In order to speed up the design and construction of China′s ocean drilling vessels,fill the gaps in this field,and ensure the exploration and exploitation of deep-sea mineral resources in China,this paper outlined the basic situation of major ocean drilling vessels in the world,analyzed the necessity and experience basis of China′s construction of ocean drilling vessels,and put forward the functional design of China′s ocean drilling vessels.The results showed that the ocean drilling vessels involved in international cooperation projects mainly include "Glomar Challenger"and"JOIDES Resolution"contributed by United States and"Chikyu"contributed by Japan.From the perspective of exploiting and utilizing deep-sea mineral resources and deeply participating in international seabed affairs,China′s demand for ocean drilling vessels is imminent,and China has already designed deep-water exploration vessels and drilling vessels.The function design of ocean drilling vessels in China mainly includes ship type,general layout,propulsion and positioning mode,drilling and core acquisition system and ship-borne laboratory,etc.It should refer to other related and similar ships,and integrate with the specific task requirements of deep-sea exploration and development and utilization in China.
引文
[1] 刘志飞,拓守廷.科学大洋钻探回顾与展望[J].自然杂志,2007,29(3):141-151.
[2] 拓守廷,翦知湣.科学大洋钻探船的回顾与展望[J].工程研究-跨学科视野中的工程,2016,8(2):155-161.
[3] 刘淮.“地球”号深海钻探船[J].船艇,2004(4):38-39.
[4] STERK R,STEIN J K.Seabed mineral resources:a review of current mineral resources and future developments[C].Aberdeen:Deep Sea Mining Summit,2015.
[5] 阳宁,陈光国.深海矿产资源开采技术的现状综述[J].矿山机械,2010(10):4-9.
[6] 景春雷,郑彦鹏,刘保华,等.海底热液多金属硫化物分布及控矿因素[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2013(1):57-64.
[7] 邬长斌,刘少军,戴瑜.海底多金属硫化物开发动态与前景分析[J].海洋通报,2008,27(6):101-109.
[8] MYERS G.Ultra-deepwater riserless mud circulation with dual gradient drilling[J].Scientific Drilling,2008(6):48-51.
[2] 拓守廷,翦知湣.科学大洋钻探船的回顾与展望[J].工程研究-跨学科视野中的工程,2016,8(2):155-161.
[3] 刘淮.“地球”号深海钻探船[J].船艇,2004(4):38-39.
[4] STERK R,STEIN J K.Seabed mineral resources:a review of current mineral resources and future developments[C].Aberdeen:Deep Sea Mining Summit,2015.
[5] 阳宁,陈光国.深海矿产资源开采技术的现状综述[J].矿山机械,2010(10):4-9.
[6] 景春雷,郑彦鹏,刘保华,等.海底热液多金属硫化物分布及控矿因素[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2013(1):57-64.
[7] 邬长斌,刘少军,戴瑜.海底多金属硫化物开发动态与前景分析[J].海洋通报,2008,27(6):101-109.
[8] MYERS G.Ultra-deepwater riserless mud circulation with dual gradient drilling[J].Scientific Drilling,2008(6):48-51.