基于物质点法不同头部形状弹体侵彻动靶过程的仿真研究
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摘要
为分析弹头形状对动靶侵彻性能的影响以及解决有限元法模拟子弹侵彻问题时存在的网格畸变问题,本文采用物质点法建立了弹体侵彻靶板的数值模型。利用编写的程序对卵形弹侵彻静靶过程进行了仿真,并将仿真结果与实验测试结果进行了对比分析。结果表明,利用物质点法仿真子弹侵彻过程是可行和有效的。通过对平头弹、球形弹、卵形弹侵彻动靶过程的模拟仿真,得到了弹体贯穿动靶后弹体的剩余速度、偏转角、扭转角、靶板的毁伤效果。所得结果显示:当靶板速度较低时,卵形弹侵彻动靶时靶板的毁伤面积最小;当靶板速度较高时,卵形弹侵彻动靶时靶板的毁伤面积最大;弹体偏转角和扭转角均随动靶速度的增加而逐渐增大,且卵形弹的偏转角和扭转角均大于平头弹和球形弹;当动靶初速度小于300m/s时,卵形弹的侵彻能力较强;当动靶初速度大于300m/s时,球形弹的侵彻能力较强。本文研究对弹丸侵彻和装甲防护等军工领域有一定的指导作用。
In order to study the effects of projectile's nose shapes on projectile penetrating the moving-target and solve the problem of mesh distortion when simulating the projectile penetration by finite element method(FEM), the model of projectile with different nose shapes penetrating target are established based on material point method. The program is written to simulate the process of oval-nosed projectile penetrating fixed-target in this paper. By comparing the simulation results with the experiment tests and the finite element analysis, the results indicate that it is feasible to simulate projectile penetration based on material point method. The flat-nosed projectile, spherical-nosed projectile and oval-nosed projectile penetrating moving-target are simulated, respectively. The remaining kinetic energy, deflection angle, torsion angle of projectile and penetration effect of moving-target are computed and analyzed after different nosed projectiles penetrate moving-target. The research results show that the damage area of oval-nosed projectile is the smallest when the target velocity is low. And when the target velocity is high, the damage area of oval-nosed projectile is the largest, and the deflection angle and the torsion angle increase as moving-target velocity increases. The deflection angle and the torsion angle with oval-nosed projectile are larger than those of flat-nosed projectile and spherical-nosed projectile. The penetration capability of oval-nosed projectile is more intense when the initial velocity of moving target is less than 300 m/s. The penetration capability of spherical-nosed projectile is more intense when the initial velocity of moving target is larger than 300 m/s. The research has a certain guiding role in the field of military industry such as penetration and armor protection.
In order to study the effects of projectile's nose shapes on projectile penetrating the moving-target and solve the problem of mesh distortion when simulating the projectile penetration by finite element method(FEM), the model of projectile with different nose shapes penetrating target are established based on material point method. The program is written to simulate the process of oval-nosed projectile penetrating fixed-target in this paper. By comparing the simulation results with the experiment tests and the finite element analysis, the results indicate that it is feasible to simulate projectile penetration based on material point method. The flat-nosed projectile, spherical-nosed projectile and oval-nosed projectile penetrating moving-target are simulated, respectively. The remaining kinetic energy, deflection angle, torsion angle of projectile and penetration effect of moving-target are computed and analyzed after different nosed projectiles penetrate moving-target. The research results show that the damage area of oval-nosed projectile is the smallest when the target velocity is low. And when the target velocity is high, the damage area of oval-nosed projectile is the largest, and the deflection angle and the torsion angle increase as moving-target velocity increases. The deflection angle and the torsion angle with oval-nosed projectile are larger than those of flat-nosed projectile and spherical-nosed projectile. The penetration capability of oval-nosed projectile is more intense when the initial velocity of moving target is less than 300 m/s. The penetration capability of spherical-nosed projectile is more intense when the initial velocity of moving target is larger than 300 m/s. The research has a certain guiding role in the field of military industry such as penetration and armor protection.
引文
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[9]龚曙光,饶刚,伍贤洪.基于无网格Galerkin法的穿甲侵彻数值模拟[J].爆炸与冲击,2011,31(6):658-663.(GONG Shuguang,RAO Gang,WU Xianhong.Simulation investigation on perforation and penetration based on EFG method[J].Explosion and shock waves,2011,31(6):658-663(in Chinese)).
[10]廉艳平,张帆,刘岩,等.物质点法的理论和应用[J].力学进展,2013,43(2):237-264.(LIAN Yanping,ZHANG Fan,LIU Yan,et al.Material point method and its application[J].Advances in mechanics,2013,43(2):237-264(in Chinese)).
[11]WANG Yuxin,BEOM H G,SUN Ming,et al.Numerical simulation of explosive welding using the material point method[J].International journal of impact engineering,2011,38(1):51-60.
[12]黄鹏.金属及岩土冲击动力学问题的物质点法研究[D].北京:清华大学,2010.(HUANG Peng.Material point method for metal and soil impact dynamics problems[D].Beijing:Tsinghua University,2010(in Chinese)).
[13]MA S,ZHANG X,QIU M X.Comparison study of MPM and SPHin modelling hypervelocity impact problem[J].International journal of impact engineering,2009,36(2):272-282.
[14]张雄,廉艳平,刘岩.物质点法[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2013.(ZHANG Xiong,LIAN Yanping,LIU Yan.Material point method[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2013(in Chinese)).
[15]PIEKUTOWSKI A J,FORRESTAL M J,POORMON K L,et al.Perforation of aluminum plates with ogive-nose steel rods at normal and oblique impacts[J].International journal of impact engineering,1996,18(7):877-887.
[16]ROBBINS J R,DING J L,GUPTA Y M.Load spreading and penetration resistance of layered structures-a numerical study[J].International journal of impact engineering,2004,30(6):593-615.
[2]胡德安,李霞,梁超.不同头部形状子弹侵彻钢板的跳弹及规律研究[J].应用力学学报,2012,29(6):752-757.(HU De’an,LI Xia,LIANG Chao.Research on ricochet and its regularity of projectiles with different nose shapes penetrating steel target[J].Chinese journal of applied mechanics,2012,29(6):752-757(in Chinese)).
[3]BORVIK T,LANGSETH M,HOPPERSTAD O S,et al.Perforation of 12mm thick steel plates by 20mm diameter projectiles with flat,hemispherical and conical noses:part I:experimental study[J].International journal of impact engineering,2002,27(1):19-35.
[4]BORVIK T,HOPPERSTAD O S,BERSTAD T,et al.Perforation of 12mm thick steel plates by 20mm diameter projectiles with flat,hemispherical and conical noses:part II:numerical simulations[J].International journal of impact engineering,2002,27(1):37-64.
[5]赵汝岩,卢洪义,曹亮.杆式动能体侵彻移动靶板数值仿真研究[J].弹箭与制导学报,2013,33(4):94-98.(ZHAO Ruyan,LU Hongyi,CAO Liang.Numerical analysis of long-rod kinetic energy projectile penetrating into moving plates[J].Journal of projectiles,rockets,missiles and guidance,2013,33(4):94-98(in Chinese)).
[6]佘艳华.机场跑道复合介质的侵彻分析与研究[J].应用力学学报,2016,33(5):910-916.(SHE Yanhua.Analysis and research of penetrating layered target of airport pavement[J].Chinese journal of applied mechanics,2016,33(5):910-916(in Chinese)).
[7]MOHOTTI D,RAMAN S N,NGO T,et al.Use of coupled smooth-particle hydrodynamics/lagrangian method in the simulation of deformable projectile penetration[J].International journal of protective structures,2015,6(3):419-438.
[8]胡德安,孙占华,朱婷.三维自适应FE-SPH耦合算法在多层间隔金属靶侵彻问题中的应用[J].爆炸与冲击,2015,35(3):416-422.(HU De’an,SUN Zhanhua,ZHU Ting.Application of 3DFE-SPH adaptive coupling algorithm to penetration analysis of spaced multi-layered metallic targets[J].Explosive and shock waves,2015,35(3):416-422(in Chinese)).
[9]龚曙光,饶刚,伍贤洪.基于无网格Galerkin法的穿甲侵彻数值模拟[J].爆炸与冲击,2011,31(6):658-663.(GONG Shuguang,RAO Gang,WU Xianhong.Simulation investigation on perforation and penetration based on EFG method[J].Explosion and shock waves,2011,31(6):658-663(in Chinese)).
[10]廉艳平,张帆,刘岩,等.物质点法的理论和应用[J].力学进展,2013,43(2):237-264.(LIAN Yanping,ZHANG Fan,LIU Yan,et al.Material point method and its application[J].Advances in mechanics,2013,43(2):237-264(in Chinese)).
[11]WANG Yuxin,BEOM H G,SUN Ming,et al.Numerical simulation of explosive welding using the material point method[J].International journal of impact engineering,2011,38(1):51-60.
[12]黄鹏.金属及岩土冲击动力学问题的物质点法研究[D].北京:清华大学,2010.(HUANG Peng.Material point method for metal and soil impact dynamics problems[D].Beijing:Tsinghua University,2010(in Chinese)).
[13]MA S,ZHANG X,QIU M X.Comparison study of MPM and SPHin modelling hypervelocity impact problem[J].International journal of impact engineering,2009,36(2):272-282.
[14]张雄,廉艳平,刘岩.物质点法[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2013.(ZHANG Xiong,LIAN Yanping,LIU Yan.Material point method[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2013(in Chinese)).
[15]PIEKUTOWSKI A J,FORRESTAL M J,POORMON K L,et al.Perforation of aluminum plates with ogive-nose steel rods at normal and oblique impacts[J].International journal of impact engineering,1996,18(7):877-887.
[16]ROBBINS J R,DING J L,GUPTA Y M.Load spreading and penetration resistance of layered structures-a numerical study[J].International journal of impact engineering,2004,30(6):593-615.