家畜脊椎数性状相关基因研究进展
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摘要
脊椎数性状是家畜的一个重要经济性状,多脊椎现象指家畜的胸腰椎数目增多。脊椎数目的增多会使动物的体型加长,产肉量、产毛量和皮肤面积增加,适应性增强,饲料利用率也有所提升。因为脊椎数性状遗传力较高,所以可以进行定向选择并培育多脊椎数的家畜品种。猪(Sus scrofa)脊椎数性状的研究目前取得了较多成果,而绵羊(Ovis aries)、黄牛(Bos taurus)、牦牛(Bos grunniens)等家畜脊椎数性状的研究成果相对较少,文章概述了家畜脊椎数性状基因定位的研究进展,并简要阐述了高通量测序为家畜脊椎数数性状相关基因定位研究带来的新机遇,以期为选育多脊椎家畜群体提供参考。
The number of vertebrae is an economically important trait in livestock. Multi-vertebrae means increasing in numbers of animal's thoracicae and lumbales. Animals can improve performance in the size,meat production, gross production, skin area, adaptability and feed utilization with the increase of their vertebral number. Animal breeds with multi-vertebrae can be cultivated by directional selection because of the high heritability of vertebral number trait. Many achievements of studies on vertebral number trait have been made in swine(Sus scrofa), whereas the results were limited in other livestock such as sheep(Ovis aries), and cattle(Bos taurus) and yak(B. grunniens). This paper summarized the advances in gene mapping of vertebral number trait, and briefly described the new opportunities brought by high-throughput sequencing for the study in gene mapping of vertebral number trait in livestock.
The number of vertebrae is an economically important trait in livestock. Multi-vertebrae means increasing in numbers of animal's thoracicae and lumbales. Animals can improve performance in the size,meat production, gross production, skin area, adaptability and feed utilization with the increase of their vertebral number. Animal breeds with multi-vertebrae can be cultivated by directional selection because of the high heritability of vertebral number trait. Many achievements of studies on vertebral number trait have been made in swine(Sus scrofa), whereas the results were limited in other livestock such as sheep(Ovis aries), and cattle(Bos taurus) and yak(B. grunniens). This paper summarized the advances in gene mapping of vertebral number trait, and briefly described the new opportunities brought by high-throughput sequencing for the study in gene mapping of vertebral number trait in livestock.
引文
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奚玉莲.2016.秦川牛基因组遗传变异及其与脊椎数的关系研究[D].硕士学位论文,西北农林科技大学,导师:雷初朝.pp.27-29.(Xi Y L.2016.Study on genome genetic variation with vertebral number variation in Qinchuan cattle[D].Thesis for M.S.,Northwest A&F University,Supervisor:Lei C C.pp.27-29.)
杨建梅,文勇立,冯正平,等.2015.金川牦牛胸、腰椎组型变异及其与产肉性能的相关分析[J].家畜生态学报,36(9):26-30.(Yang J M,Wen Y L,Feng Z P,et al.2015.Correlation analysis for beef performance and multi-vertebra properties of Jinchuan Yak[J].Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology,36(9):26-30.)
岳静伟.2017.猪肋骨数性状全基因组关联分析及LTBP2基因的克隆与表达[D].硕士学位论文,中国农业科学院,导师:张龙超.pp.8-9.(Yue J W.2017 Genome-wide association analysis for number of porcine ribs and the clone and expression of LTBP2[D].Thesis for M.S.,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Supervisor:Zhang L C.pp.8-9.)
张立岭.1996.蒙古羊多脊椎现象的遗传机制[J].中国养羊,(4):1-3.(Zhang L L.2000.The genetic mechanism of multi-vertebrae in Mongolian sheep[J].China Sheep and Goat Farming,(4):1-3.)
张立岭.2000.蒙古羊的发育遗传和群体遗传研究[D].博士学位论文,中国农业大学,导师:张沅.pp.40-46.(Zhang L L.2000.Study on developmental and population genetics in mongolia sheep[D].Thesis for Ph.D.,China Agriculture University,Supervisor:Zhang Y.pp.40-46.)
张立岭,斯琴毕力格.1997.蒙古羊多脊椎基因的群体遗传学研究[J].遗传,(s1):67-69.(Zhang L L,Si Q B L G.1997.A study on the population genetics of multiver tebral genes in Mongolia sheep[J].Hereditas,(s1):67-69.)
张立岭,张世铨.1998.多脊椎蒙古羊的胸腰椎长度及其产肉性能分析[J].内蒙古农业大学学报(自然科学版),(3):1-5.(Zhang L L,Zhang S Q.1998.The lengths of thoracic and lumbar vertebrae and the performance of Mongolia sheep[J].Journal of Inner Mongola Institute of Agriculture&Animal Husbandry,(3):1-5.)
张立岭,吉尔嘎拉,周卫,等.1996.乌珠穆沁羊脊椎数变异的群体遗传特性研究[J].畜牧与饲料科学,(4):1-3.(Zhang L L,Ji E G L,Zhou W,et al.1996.Study on population genetic traits of variation in vertebrate numbers in Uzumu sheep[J].Animal Husbandry and Feed Science,(4):1-3.)
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