2种石蒜花芽分化与碳水化合物、抗氧化物酶及内源激素变化的关系
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摘要
为明确石蒜属植物生长发育过程中的生理生化变化,以忽地笑(Lycoris aurea)、中国石蒜(Lycoris chinensis)的中层鳞片为供试材料,测定了碳水化合物含量、抗氧化物酶活性及内源激素含量,并利用主成分分析法评价了这2种石蒜的生长发育模型。结果表明,2种石蒜中部鳞片的可溶性糖含量、GA_3、ZR、IAA在叶枯期较高且保持上升趋势,花芽分化期降至峰谷后回升;淀粉含量、SOD、POD、CAT、PAL活性、ABA含量在叶期较低,花芽分化期增加并处于相对较高水平,花期一般下降。根据主成分分析得出:影响忽地笑生长发育较大的指标为PAL、POD、SOD和IAA;影响中国石蒜生长发育较大的指标为PAL、淀粉含量、SOD、POD和ABA。根据结果可以看出,高浓度的淀粉含量、SOD、CAT、PAL、POD及ABA,较低水平的可溶性糖含量、ZR、GA_3和IAA,有利于2种石蒜花芽分化。2种生长节律差别较大的石蒜,各生理指标的变化趋势相似,各生理指标对花的影响较大,对叶的影响相对较小。本研究为石蒜属植物的花芽分化研究奠定了基础,为石蒜属植物的杂交育种及花期调控提供理论依据。
In order to clarify the effects of physiological indexes on the growth process of Lycoris, the carbohydrates contents, antioxidant enzymes activities and endogenous hormones contents in Lycoris aurea and Lycoris chinensis were measured, and the growth and development models of Lycoris were evaluated by principal component analysis.The results showed that the contents of soluble sugar, GA_3, ZR and IAA in the middle scales of two kinds of Lycoris were higher and kept rising during the leaf dry period, decreased to the minimum in the flower bud differentiation stage,and then increased. The contents of starch and ABA, and the activities of SOD, POD, CAT and PAL were lower in leaf stage, higher in flower bud differentiation stage and then lower in flowering stage. According to the principal component analysis, PAL, POD, SOD, IAA and so on were the main factors affecting the growth and development of Lycoris aurea. And the indexes affecting the growth and development of Lycoris chinensis were PAL, starch content, SOD,POD, ABA, etc. High contents of starch and ABA, and SOD, CAT, PAL, POD activities, and low contents of soluble sugar, ZR, GA_3 and IAA were beneficial to flower bud differentiation of Lycoris. The growth of Lycoris with different growth rhythms showed similar changes in physiological indexes. The physiological indexes had greater influence on flowers and less influence on leaves. This study would lay a foundation for further studying on the flower bud tiation of Lycoris and provide a theoretical basis for hybridization breeding and florescence regulation of Lycoris.
In order to clarify the effects of physiological indexes on the growth process of Lycoris, the carbohydrates contents, antioxidant enzymes activities and endogenous hormones contents in Lycoris aurea and Lycoris chinensis were measured, and the growth and development models of Lycoris were evaluated by principal component analysis.The results showed that the contents of soluble sugar, GA_3, ZR and IAA in the middle scales of two kinds of Lycoris were higher and kept rising during the leaf dry period, decreased to the minimum in the flower bud differentiation stage,and then increased. The contents of starch and ABA, and the activities of SOD, POD, CAT and PAL were lower in leaf stage, higher in flower bud differentiation stage and then lower in flowering stage. According to the principal component analysis, PAL, POD, SOD, IAA and so on were the main factors affecting the growth and development of Lycoris aurea. And the indexes affecting the growth and development of Lycoris chinensis were PAL, starch content, SOD,POD, ABA, etc. High contents of starch and ABA, and SOD, CAT, PAL, POD activities, and low contents of soluble sugar, ZR, GA_3 and IAA were beneficial to flower bud differentiation of Lycoris. The growth of Lycoris with different growth rhythms showed similar changes in physiological indexes. The physiological indexes had greater influence on flowers and less influence on leaves. This study would lay a foundation for further studying on the flower bud tiation of Lycoris and provide a theoretical basis for hybridization breeding and florescence regulation of Lycoris.
引文
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[31]邓灿.‘早钟6号’枇杷夏梢花芽分化期生理机制研究[D].雅安:四川农业大学,2016.
[32]符继红,孙晓红,王吉德,等.植物激素定量分析方法研究进展[J].科学通报,2010,55(33):3163-3176.
[33]何见,蒋丽娟,李昌珠,等.光皮树花芽分化过程中内源激素含量变化的研究[J].中国野生植物资源,2009,28(2):41-45.
[34]刘芳,田忠平,蔡英杰,等.细叶百合低温解除休眠过程中鳞茎细胞淀粉粒及花芽分化的变化[J].草业学报,2015,24(9):154-162.
[2]文卓琼,蒋利华,熊海蓉,等.微波法提取石蒜中石蒜碱的工艺优化[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(24):247-251.
[3]曲波,张微,陈旭辉,等.植物花芽分化研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2010,26(24):109-114.
[4]艾星梅,何睿宇,胡燕芳.马铃薯花芽分化与内源激素动态变化的关系[J].西北植物学报,2018,38(1):87-94.
[5]张永平,乔永旭,喻景权,等.园艺植物果实糖积累的研究进展[J].中国农业科学,2008,41(4):1151-1157.
[6]刘俊松,张上隆.柑橘花芽分化期结果和未结果树矿质元素和碳水化合物含量变化[J].西南大学学报(自然科学版),2010,32(2):26-32.
[7]汪晓谦,张延龙,牛立新,等.郁金香花芽分化过程中鳞茎碳水化合物和蛋白质含量的变化[J].植物生理学报,2011,47(4):379-384.
[8]何见,陈卫军,蒋丽娟,等.光皮树花中内源激素和碳水化合物含量的变化[J].中南林业科技大学学报(自然科学版),2009,29(1):15-19.
[9]宋玲珊,张晓明,郭巧生,等.百蕊草物候期及越冬休眠生理研究[J].中国中药杂志,2015,40(23):4585-4590
[10]李静,郭绍霞.芍药花芽分化期间营养物质与酶活性的变化[J].北方园艺,2011(7):73-75.
[11]刘芳,李丹丹,廉华,等.细叶百合冷藏过程中鳞茎保护酶活性与休眠解除的关系[J].草业学报,2015,24(12):180-187.
[12]ARORA R,ROWLAND L J,TANINO K.Induction and release of bud dormancy in woody perennials:a science comes of age[J].Hort Sci,2003,38(5):911-921.
[13]王磊.石蒜属植物花期调控技术及开花生理研究[D].南京:南京林业大学,2004.
[14]金雅琴,黄雪芳,李冬林,等.2种石蒜生长发育期鳞茎内源激素的动态变化[J].植物研究,2010,30(6):697-702.
[15]黄雪方,金雅琴,李冬林.两种石蒜生长发育期鳞茎可溶性糖、蛋白质及POD活性的变化[J].亚热带植物科学,2011,40(3):16-19.
[16]高俊凤.植物生理学实验指导[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006.
[17]郝再彬,苍晶,徐仲.植物生理实验[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,2004.
[18]汤绍虎,罗充.植物生理学实验教程[M].重庆:西南师范大学出版社,2012:213-214.
[19]李宗庭,周燮.植物激素及其免疫检技术[M].南京:江苏科学技术出版社,1996.
[20]张玉荣,张秀华,周显青,等.主成分分析法综合评价大米的食味品质[J].河南工业大学学报(自然科学版),2008,29(5):1-5,9.
[21]苏金明,傅荣华,周建斌,等.统计软件SPSS系列-应用实战篇[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2002.
[22]刘飞,陈学武.基于主成分分析法的城市道路交叉口综合评价[C]//世界华人交通运输学术大会.2007.
[23]孙燚.影响郁金香种球低温贮藏关键因素的研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2008.
[24]梁芳,郑成淑,张翠华,等.菊花花芽分化过程中芽和叶片碳水化合物含量的变化[J].山东农业科学,2008,40(1):40-42.
[25]张艳红,杨东霞,孙学东.杜鹃花花芽分化期可溶性糖和叶绿素含量的变化[J].辽东学院学报(自然科学版),2007,14(2):64-66.
[26]孙乃波,张志宏.草莓花芽分化过程中叶片碳水化合物和蛋白质含量的变化[J].安徽农业科学,2006,34(11):2328-2329.
[27]李倩,肖建忠,李志斌,等.高山杜鹃花芽分化临界期生理生化研究[J].河北农业大学学报,2009,32(1):47-50.
[28]孔德政,靳丹丹,孙丽娜,等.碗莲花芽分化过程中酶活性的变化[J].河南农业科学,2008,37(4):97-99.
[29]季宇彬,辛国松,曲中原,等.石蒜属植物生物碱类化学成分和药理作用研究进展[J].中草药,2016,47(1):157-164.
[30]王冬雪,张丽莉,石瑛.不同熟性马铃薯各生育时期功能叶生理指标变化的研究[J].中国农学通报,2014,30(3):124-128.
[31]邓灿.‘早钟6号’枇杷夏梢花芽分化期生理机制研究[D].雅安:四川农业大学,2016.
[32]符继红,孙晓红,王吉德,等.植物激素定量分析方法研究进展[J].科学通报,2010,55(33):3163-3176.
[33]何见,蒋丽娟,李昌珠,等.光皮树花芽分化过程中内源激素含量变化的研究[J].中国野生植物资源,2009,28(2):41-45.
[34]刘芳,田忠平,蔡英杰,等.细叶百合低温解除休眠过程中鳞茎细胞淀粉粒及花芽分化的变化[J].草业学报,2015,24(9):154-162.