气候适应型城市区域设计
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摘要
如今,全球范围内气候变化剧烈程度与影响范围前所未有地增强与扩大,极端天气频发,保护和提升自身生存环境的意识已越普及至每一位公民。此外,亚洲各城市经济发展迅速,城镇化进程显著。在这种社会发展背景下,具备气候适应性的城市生态区域设计理念出现,它从宏观着眼、进行多学科合作,超出了对于风景园林定义的传统理解。它将风景园林的艺术性、人文关怀与工程的科学性结合,以市政工程数据为基础,采用建模的方法,结合环境成本评估,在城市地上可见及地下不可见的部分进行蓝绿基础设施设计。在赋予城市生硬外表面以自然化、人性化、符合人与自然和谐共存标准的蓝绿空间特征之余,切实地提出了能够帮助城市抵御气候变化风险、保障城市可持续发展的环境开发策略。
Today, intensity of global climate changes is getting significant with wider influential scope. Extreme weather is happening more frequently. Consequently, to protect and improve living conditions are becoming increasingly popular to every citizen. In addition, the rapid urbanization is growing to be one of the main characteristics with fast economic and social development in Asian cities. In this context, a concept of climate adaptive urban eco-district design is getting clear to mind. It is featured to concern planning and design in urban district scale, with multi-disciplinary collaboration, exactly beyond definition of landscape design in traditional understanding. Most significantly, by combining art of landscape design, humanistic care and science of engineering together, this design concept is carried out by setting up 3D models based on municipal engineering data and applying environmental benefit-cost assessment to make it reasonable and convincing. It designs urban blue-green infrastructure on and below ground surfaces which are visible and invisible however both crucial for normal city development. In fact, it points out environmental development strategy which might be able to reduce climate change risks and safeguard sustainable urban development with feature of natural, user-friendly and harmonious blue and green urban open space.
Today, intensity of global climate changes is getting significant with wider influential scope. Extreme weather is happening more frequently. Consequently, to protect and improve living conditions are becoming increasingly popular to every citizen. In addition, the rapid urbanization is growing to be one of the main characteristics with fast economic and social development in Asian cities. In this context, a concept of climate adaptive urban eco-district design is getting clear to mind. It is featured to concern planning and design in urban district scale, with multi-disciplinary collaboration, exactly beyond definition of landscape design in traditional understanding. Most significantly, by combining art of landscape design, humanistic care and science of engineering together, this design concept is carried out by setting up 3D models based on municipal engineering data and applying environmental benefit-cost assessment to make it reasonable and convincing. It designs urban blue-green infrastructure on and below ground surfaces which are visible and invisible however both crucial for normal city development. In fact, it points out environmental development strategy which might be able to reduce climate change risks and safeguard sustainable urban development with feature of natural, user-friendly and harmonious blue and green urban open space.
引文
[1]王毅.北京城市洪涝灾害主因及对策建议[EB/R].中国水利学会80周年庆典主旨及特邀报告,2011.10.11发布http://www.ches.org.cn/zgslxh/ztbd/eightyyear/port/webinfo/2011/10/1318041461360279.htm.
[2]2012年北京特大暴雨[EB/OL].维基百科.http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/2012%E5%B9%B4%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E6%B0%B4%E7%81%BE.
[3]Dreiseitl H.Die Landschaftsarchitektur muss sich neu definieren[J].Garten+Landschaft,2013(6):6-7.
[4]Strbk N,Christian Nyerup Nielsen.Managing Cloudbursts—An Opportunity to Set New Standards for City Planning[J].Urban Strategies,2013(84):72-76.
[5]迪特尔·格劳,高枫,孙峥.天津文化中心景观和生态水系统设计[J].上海城市规划,2012(6):60-65.
[2]2012年北京特大暴雨[EB/OL].维基百科.http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/2012%E5%B9%B4%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E6%B0%B4%E7%81%BE.
[3]Dreiseitl H.Die Landschaftsarchitektur muss sich neu definieren[J].Garten+Landschaft,2013(6):6-7.
[4]Strbk N,Christian Nyerup Nielsen.Managing Cloudbursts—An Opportunity to Set New Standards for City Planning[J].Urban Strategies,2013(84):72-76.
[5]迪特尔·格劳,高枫,孙峥.天津文化中心景观和生态水系统设计[J].上海城市规划,2012(6):60-65.