大型高温合金锻坯加热及冷却过程模拟
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摘要
以传热学为基础,基于ANSYS Fluent有限元软件,通过整体求解法对整体加热炉和大型高温合金GH4698锻坯的温度场进行了模拟研究。利用Fluent UDF编程实现加热炉中的反馈调节系统;冷却过程为出炉空冷,通过计算坯料与空气的对流换热系数,然后利用UDF实现锻坯冷却过程中边界条件的设置。通过模拟和实验结果比较验证可知,锻坯升温和降温的模拟曲线与实测曲线趋势基本一致。由模拟和实验的误差曲线分析可知,在加热过程中,加热段误差较大,而保温段误差较小;冷却过程中高温段误差较大,而低温段误差较小,并分析了模拟和实验误差产生的原因。
Based on heat transfer theory and the ANSYS Fluent software,the temperature field of the overall heating furnace and large superalloy GH4698 billet was simulated and researched through the integral solution method,and the Fluent UDF was used to realize the feedback regulating system in the furnace. The cooling process is air cooling,and by calculating the heat transfer coefficient of the billet and air,the boundary condition was set up by UDF program in cooling process. Through the comparison of the simulated and experimental results,it is found the simulated heating and cooling temperature curves are basically consistent with the trend of measured curves. The analyse of the error curves of simulations and experiments suggests that in the heating process,the error of the heating section is big while the error of the holding section is small; during the cooling,the error of the high temperature section is larger while the error of the low temperature section is smaller. The reasons of simulation and experiment errors were analyzed.
Based on heat transfer theory and the ANSYS Fluent software,the temperature field of the overall heating furnace and large superalloy GH4698 billet was simulated and researched through the integral solution method,and the Fluent UDF was used to realize the feedback regulating system in the furnace. The cooling process is air cooling,and by calculating the heat transfer coefficient of the billet and air,the boundary condition was set up by UDF program in cooling process. Through the comparison of the simulated and experimental results,it is found the simulated heating and cooling temperature curves are basically consistent with the trend of measured curves. The analyse of the error curves of simulations and experiments suggests that in the heating process,the error of the heating section is big while the error of the holding section is small; during the cooling,the error of the high temperature section is larger while the error of the low temperature section is smaller. The reasons of simulation and experiment errors were analyzed.
引文
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[2]李志广,张健.锻件加热规范的制定[J].锻压装备与制造技术,2006,41(5):38-40.LI Zhiguang,ZHANG Jian. Planning criterion for heating of forgings[J]. China Metal Forming Equipment,2006,41(5):38-40.
[3]沈丙振,周进,韩志强,等.热轧步进式加热炉内钢坯温度场数值模拟[J].冶金能源,2002,21(4):24-28.SHEN Bingzhen,ZHOU Jin,HAN Zhiqiang,et al. Numerical simulation on temperature field of steel slab in reheating furnace of hot rolling process[J]. Energy For Metallurgical Industry,2002,21(4):24-28.
[4]刘新忠,韩静涛,刘双科,等.步进梁式加热炉内钢坯温度场数值模拟[J].塑性工程学报,2008,15(3):199-203.LIU Xinzhong,HAN Jingtao,LIU Shuangke,et al. Numerical simulation for the temperature field of slabs heated in the re-heating furnace[J]. Journal of Plasticity Engineering,2008,15(3):199-203.
[5] JAKLIC A,KOLENKO T,ZUPANCIC B. The influence of the space between the billets on the productivity of a continuous walking beam furnace[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering. 2005,25(5):783-795.
[6] KUZNETSOV G V,SHEREMET M A. Numerical simulation of turbulent natural convection in a rectangular enclosure having finite thickness walls[J]. International Journal of Heat&Mass Transfer,2011,54(1):163-177.
[7] KIM J G,HUH K Y,KIM I T. Three dimensional analysis of the walking beam type slab reheating furnace in hot strip mills[J]. Numerical Heat Transfer Part A Applications,2000,38(6):589-609.
[8]任泽霈,张立宁,贾力.封闭空间中自然对流与导热、辐射的复合换热[J].工程热物理学报,1988,9(3):245-250.REN Zepei,ZHANG Lining,JIA Li. Natural convection in enclosure combined with conduction and radiation[J]. Journal of Engineering Thermophysics,1988,9(3):245-250.
[9]任泽霈,张登富,李现昌.封闭与半封闭空间自然对流的流动与换热[J].清华大学学报,1988,32(1):245-250.REN Zepei,ZHANG Dengfu,LI Xianchang. Flow and heat transfer of natural convection in enclosure and semi-enclosure[J].Journal of Tsinghua University,1988,32(1):245-250.
[10]刘海澜,张玉存,付献斌.大型锻件锻造过程中温度在线测量系统[J].大型铸锻件,2012,(2):43-45.LIU Hailan, ZHANG Yucun, FU Xianbin. Online temperature measurement system for large forgings during forging[J]. Heavy Castings and Forgings,2012,(2):43-45.
[11] KUZNETSOV G V,SHEREMET M A. Conjugate natural convection in an enclosure with a heat source of constant heat transfer rate[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2011,54(1-3):260-268.
[12] MARTYUSHEV S G,SHEREMET M A. Conjugate natural convection combined with surface thermal radiation in an air filled cavity with internal heat source[J]. International Journal of Thermal Sciences,2014,76:51-67.
[13]吴树森.材料加工冶金传输原理[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2014.WU Shusen. Principle of material processing metallurgy transmission[M]. Beijing:China Machine Press,2014.