秦岭地区水系沉积物和岩石金元素时空分布研究
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摘要
为研究秦岭地区水系沉积物和岩石中金的地球化学时空分布及其与金矿集区的对应关系,分别收集了该区1︰20万区域化探扫面计划和全国地球化学基准计划的水系沉积物和岩石金分析数据,绘制了该区水系沉积物和岩石的金地球化学分布图。秦岭地区以水系沉积物金地球化学异常面积大于1000km~2为准,共圈定11处金的地球化学省,这些金的地球化学省同时也是金矿床密集产出的部位。水系沉积物金背景值较高的是西秦岭(2.11×10~(-9))和松潘-甘孜(2.27×10~(-9))造山带,同样这个构造带中岩石金的背景值也较高,分别为0.81×10~(-9)和0.70×10~(-9)。秦岭地区不同构造带中水系沉积物金背景值受岩石金背景值的制约。金的地球化学省是由高金背景的岩石,金矿化作用和金矿床次生风化作用相互叠加的结果。该研究对于了解巨量金元素聚集就位机制和聚焦找矿靶区具有重要意义。
In order to study the temporal-spatial distributions of gold in drainage sediments and rocks and their spatial relationship with known gold metallogenic districts in the Qinling region,geochemical distribution maps of gold in drainage sediments and rocks have been constructed in this paper based on the geochemical data collected from the 1: 200000 Regional Geochemistry-National Reconnaissance project and the China Geochemical Baselines project. Eleven gold geochemical provinces with the area of over 1000km~2 have been outlined. They are spatially consistent with the distribution of gold metallogenic districts in the region. There are relative high gold background values for drainage sediments and rocks in the west Qinling( 2. 11×10~(-9),0. 81×10~(-9),respectively) and Songpan-Ganzi( 2. 27×10~(-9),0. 70×10~(-9),respectively) two orogenic belts. The gold background values of drainage sediments are constrained by those of rocks in various tectonic belts in the Qinling region. The gold geochemical provinces could be resulted from the mutual superposition among the rock with high gold background value,gold mineralization,and secondary weathering of Au deposit. The study is significantly important to understand the mechanism of huge gold accumulation in position and to focus on prospecting targets.
In order to study the temporal-spatial distributions of gold in drainage sediments and rocks and their spatial relationship with known gold metallogenic districts in the Qinling region,geochemical distribution maps of gold in drainage sediments and rocks have been constructed in this paper based on the geochemical data collected from the 1: 200000 Regional Geochemistry-National Reconnaissance project and the China Geochemical Baselines project. Eleven gold geochemical provinces with the area of over 1000km~2 have been outlined. They are spatially consistent with the distribution of gold metallogenic districts in the region. There are relative high gold background values for drainage sediments and rocks in the west Qinling( 2. 11×10~(-9),0. 81×10~(-9),respectively) and Songpan-Ganzi( 2. 27×10~(-9),0. 70×10~(-9),respectively) two orogenic belts. The gold background values of drainage sediments are constrained by those of rocks in various tectonic belts in the Qinling region. The gold geochemical provinces could be resulted from the mutual superposition among the rock with high gold background value,gold mineralization,and secondary weathering of Au deposit. The study is significantly important to understand the mechanism of huge gold accumulation in position and to focus on prospecting targets.
引文
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Dong Y P,Santosh M.2016.Tectonic architecture and multiple orogeny of the Qinling orogenic belt,central China.Gondwana Research,29(1):1-40
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Plant J A,Breward N,Simpson P R,Slater D.1990.Regional geochemistry and the identification of metallogenic provinces:Examples from lead-zinc-barium,tin-uranium and gold deposits.Journal of Geochemical Exploration,39(1-2):195-224
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Reimann C,Melezhik V.2001.Metallogenic provinces,geochemical provinces and regional geology-what causes large-scale patterns in low density geochemical maps of the C-horizon of podzols in Arctic Europe?.Applied Geochemistry,16(7-8):963-983
Swennen R,van der Sluys J.1998.Zn,Pb,Cu and As distribution patterns in overbank and medium-order stream sediment samples:Their use in exploration and environmental geochemistry.Journal of Geochemical Exploration,65(1):27-45
Wang X Q,the CGB Sampling Team.2015.China geochemical baselines:Sampling methodology.Journal of Geochemical Exploration,148:25-39
Xie X J,Mu X Z,Ren T X.1997.Geochemical mapping in China.Journal of Geochemical Exploration,60(1):99-113
Xie X J,Yin B C.1993.Geochemical patterns from local to global.Journal of Geochemical Exploration,47(1-3):109-129
白凤军,肖荣阁.2009.东秦岭钼矿的主要类型、成矿特征和成矿时代.矿产与地质,23(6):500-506,513
陈衍景,张静,张复新,Pirajno F,李超.2004.西秦岭地区卡林-类卡林型金矿床及其成矿时间、构造背景和模式.地质论评,50(2):134-152
迟清华,鄢明才.2007.应用地球化学元素丰度数据手册.北京:地质出版社,1-148
高卫宏,王瑞廷,李青锋,刘普凯,丁坤,王淑利,孟德明.2016.西秦岭凤太矿集区西部铅锌成矿特征及找矿方向.矿产与地质,30(2):227-233
胡乔青,王义天,王瑞廷,李建华,代军治,王双彦,文耀辉,李霞,李雪凯.2013.西秦岭凤太矿集区八方山-二里河铅锌(铜)矿床成矿地质特征与矿床成因探讨.地质与勘探,49(1):99-112
李诺,陈衍景,张辉,赵太平,邓小华,王运,倪智勇.2007.东秦岭斑岩钼矿带的地质特征和成矿构造背景.地学前缘,14(5):186-198
李永峰,毛景文,胡华斌,郭保健,白凤军.2005.东秦岭钼矿类型、特征、成矿时代及其地球动力学背景.矿床地质,24(3):292-304
刘大文.2002.地球化学块体的概念及其研究意义.地球化学,31(6):539-548
师淑娟,王学求,宫进忠.2009.河北省金的地球化学省与矿集区.矿物学报,29(S1):463-464
王学求,申伍军,张必敏,聂兰仕,迟清华,徐善法.2007.地球化学块体与大型矿集区的关系——以东天山为例.地学前缘,14(5):116-123
王学求,谢学锦,张本仁,张勤,迟清华,侯青叶,徐善法,聂兰仕,张必敏.2010.地壳全元素探测——构建“化学地球”.地质学报,84(6):854-864
王学求,徐善法,迟清华,刘雪敏.2013.中国金的地球化学省及其成因的微观解释.地质学报,87(1):1-8
王学求.2000.巨型矿床与大型矿集区勘查地球化学.矿床地质,19(1):76-87
王学求.2001.地球化学模式及成因初探.矿床地质,20(3):216-222
谢学锦,刘大文,向运川,严光生.2002.地球化学块体——概念和方法学的发展.中国地质,29(3):225-233
谢学锦.1979.区域化探全国扫面工作方法的讨论.物探与化探,3(1):18-26
许志琴,李源,梁凤华,裴先治.2015.“秦岭-大别-苏鲁”造山带中“古特提斯缝合带”的连接.地质学报,89(4):671-680
张国伟,孟庆任,赖绍聪.1995.秦岭造山带的结构构造.中国科学(B辑),25(9):994-1003
张国伟.1991.试论秦岭造山带岩石圈构造演化基本特征.西北大学学报,21(2):77-87
张元厚,毛景文,简伟,李宗彦.2010.东秦岭地区钼矿床研究现状及存在问题.世界地质,29(2):188-202
张正伟,张中山,董有,彭万夫,张建军.2007.东秦岭钼矿床及其深部构造制约.矿物学报,27(3-4):372-378
张正伟,朱炳泉,常向阳,强立志,温明星.2001.东秦岭钼矿带成岩成矿背景及时空统一性.高校地质学报,7(3):307-315
朱广彬,刘国范,姚新年,杨振军.2005.东秦岭铅锌银金钼多金属成矿带成矿规律及找矿标志.地球科学与环境学报,27(1):44-52
朱赖民,张国伟,李犇,郭波.2008.秦岭造山带重大地质事件、矿床类型和成矿大陆动力学背景.矿物岩石地球化学通报,27(4):384-390
Chen Y J,Santosh M.2014.Triassic tectonics and mineral systems in the Qinling Orogen,central China.Geological Journal,49(4-5):338-358
Dong Y P,Santosh M.2016.Tectonic architecture and multiple orogeny of the Qinling orogenic belt,central China.Gondwana Research,29(1):1-40
Hawkes H E,Webb J S.1962.Geochemistry in mineral exploration.New York:Academic Press,415
Liu J J,Liu C H,Carranza E J M,Li Y J,Mao Z H,Wang J P,Wang Y H,Zhang J,Zhai D G,Zhang H F,Shan L,Zhu L M,Lu R K.2015.Geological characteristics and ore-forming process of the gold deposits in the western Qinling region,China.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,103:40-69
Mao J W,Qiu Y M,Goldfarb R J,Zhang Z C,Garwin S,Ren F S.2002.Geology,distribution,and classification of gold deposits in the western Qinling belt,central China.Mineralium Deposita,37(3-4):352-377
Meng Q R,Zhang G W.2000.Geologic framework and tectonic evolution of the Qinling orogen,central China.Tectonophysics,323(3-4):183-196
Plant J A,Breward N,Simpson P R,Slater D.1990.Regional geochemistry and the identification of metallogenic provinces:Examples from lead-zinc-barium,tin-uranium and gold deposits.Journal of Geochemical Exploration,39(1-2):195-224
Plant J A,Reeder S,Salminen R,Smith D B,Tarvainen T,De Vivo B,Petterson M G.2003.The distribution of uranium over Europe:Geological and environmental significance.Applied Earth Science:Transactions of the Institutions of Mining and Metallurgy:Section B,112(3):221-238
Reimann C,Melezhik V.2001.Metallogenic provinces,geochemical provinces and regional geology-what causes large-scale patterns in low density geochemical maps of the C-horizon of podzols in Arctic Europe?.Applied Geochemistry,16(7-8):963-983
Swennen R,van der Sluys J.1998.Zn,Pb,Cu and As distribution patterns in overbank and medium-order stream sediment samples:Their use in exploration and environmental geochemistry.Journal of Geochemical Exploration,65(1):27-45
Wang X Q,the CGB Sampling Team.2015.China geochemical baselines:Sampling methodology.Journal of Geochemical Exploration,148:25-39
Xie X J,Mu X Z,Ren T X.1997.Geochemical mapping in China.Journal of Geochemical Exploration,60(1):99-113
Xie X J,Yin B C.1993.Geochemical patterns from local to global.Journal of Geochemical Exploration,47(1-3):109-129
白凤军,肖荣阁.2009.东秦岭钼矿的主要类型、成矿特征和成矿时代.矿产与地质,23(6):500-506,513
陈衍景,张静,张复新,Pirajno F,李超.2004.西秦岭地区卡林-类卡林型金矿床及其成矿时间、构造背景和模式.地质论评,50(2):134-152
迟清华,鄢明才.2007.应用地球化学元素丰度数据手册.北京:地质出版社,1-148
高卫宏,王瑞廷,李青锋,刘普凯,丁坤,王淑利,孟德明.2016.西秦岭凤太矿集区西部铅锌成矿特征及找矿方向.矿产与地质,30(2):227-233
胡乔青,王义天,王瑞廷,李建华,代军治,王双彦,文耀辉,李霞,李雪凯.2013.西秦岭凤太矿集区八方山-二里河铅锌(铜)矿床成矿地质特征与矿床成因探讨.地质与勘探,49(1):99-112
李诺,陈衍景,张辉,赵太平,邓小华,王运,倪智勇.2007.东秦岭斑岩钼矿带的地质特征和成矿构造背景.地学前缘,14(5):186-198
李永峰,毛景文,胡华斌,郭保健,白凤军.2005.东秦岭钼矿类型、特征、成矿时代及其地球动力学背景.矿床地质,24(3):292-304
刘大文.2002.地球化学块体的概念及其研究意义.地球化学,31(6):539-548
师淑娟,王学求,宫进忠.2009.河北省金的地球化学省与矿集区.矿物学报,29(S1):463-464
王学求,申伍军,张必敏,聂兰仕,迟清华,徐善法.2007.地球化学块体与大型矿集区的关系——以东天山为例.地学前缘,14(5):116-123
王学求,谢学锦,张本仁,张勤,迟清华,侯青叶,徐善法,聂兰仕,张必敏.2010.地壳全元素探测——构建“化学地球”.地质学报,84(6):854-864
王学求,徐善法,迟清华,刘雪敏.2013.中国金的地球化学省及其成因的微观解释.地质学报,87(1):1-8
王学求.2000.巨型矿床与大型矿集区勘查地球化学.矿床地质,19(1):76-87
王学求.2001.地球化学模式及成因初探.矿床地质,20(3):216-222
谢学锦,刘大文,向运川,严光生.2002.地球化学块体——概念和方法学的发展.中国地质,29(3):225-233
谢学锦.1979.区域化探全国扫面工作方法的讨论.物探与化探,3(1):18-26
许志琴,李源,梁凤华,裴先治.2015.“秦岭-大别-苏鲁”造山带中“古特提斯缝合带”的连接.地质学报,89(4):671-680
张国伟,孟庆任,赖绍聪.1995.秦岭造山带的结构构造.中国科学(B辑),25(9):994-1003
张国伟.1991.试论秦岭造山带岩石圈构造演化基本特征.西北大学学报,21(2):77-87
张元厚,毛景文,简伟,李宗彦.2010.东秦岭地区钼矿床研究现状及存在问题.世界地质,29(2):188-202
张正伟,张中山,董有,彭万夫,张建军.2007.东秦岭钼矿床及其深部构造制约.矿物学报,27(3-4):372-378
张正伟,朱炳泉,常向阳,强立志,温明星.2001.东秦岭钼矿带成岩成矿背景及时空统一性.高校地质学报,7(3):307-315
朱广彬,刘国范,姚新年,杨振军.2005.东秦岭铅锌银金钼多金属成矿带成矿规律及找矿标志.地球科学与环境学报,27(1):44-52
朱赖民,张国伟,李犇,郭波.2008.秦岭造山带重大地质事件、矿床类型和成矿大陆动力学背景.矿物岩石地球化学通报,27(4):384-390