旅游经济与地域性文化遗产景观塑造——以恩施土司城为例
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摘要
地域性文化资源既是所属民族的共同记忆,也是进行民族文化识别和区分的显性要素。在乡村旅游场域下文化资源在市场机制运作下,以文化资本的形态进行着生产和再生产,恩施土司城作为土家族土司制度的物质性遗留物,虽然存在着空间上的固定性和时间上的难以延续性。但其所承载的屯堡文化直到今日已然具备着较强的文化生命力。饮食、服饰、文字、仪式等要素共同形成的屯堡文化,以符号的形式被他者所识别和传播。当前以恩施土司城为基点进行符号再造,首先需要突出恩施土司城的地域文化特色。基于全域旅游的宏观背景盘活地域内的旅游资源,形成差异化的旅游产品服务供给以提升屯堡文化的影响力。在土司文化传播过程中,恩施州的当地居民存在着传播技术资源弱势的情况,故需充分利用移动传播技术降低土司文化的传播障碍,使恩施州以土司城为代表的土司文化更为广泛有效的向外界传播。
Regional cultural resources are not only the common memory of the nationality, but also the dominant factor for the identification and differentiation of national culture. Under the operation of the market mechanism, cultural resources in the rural tourism field are produced and reproduced in the form of cultural capital. Enshi Tusi City is a material remnant of the Tujia system, although there is spatial fixation and time. It is difficult to continue. However, the bunker culture carried by it has had a strong cultural vitality until today. The Tunpu culture, which is formed by the elements of diet, clothing, writing,and rituals, is recognized and spread by others in the form of symbols. At present, symbolic reconstruction based on Enshi Tusi City, first of all, it is necessary to highlight the regional cultural characteristics of Enshi Tusi City. Based on the macro-background of global tourism, the tourism resources in the region are revitalized, and differentiated tourism product service supply is formed to enhance the influence of the Tunpu culture. Finally, in the process of the spread of the toast culture, the local residents of Enshi Prefecture have the situation that the communication technology resources are weak. Therefore, it is necessary to make full use of the mobile communication technology to reduce the barriers to the spread of the toast culture, so that the toast culture represented by the Tusi City is more Spread widely and effectively to the outside world.
Regional cultural resources are not only the common memory of the nationality, but also the dominant factor for the identification and differentiation of national culture. Under the operation of the market mechanism, cultural resources in the rural tourism field are produced and reproduced in the form of cultural capital. Enshi Tusi City is a material remnant of the Tujia system, although there is spatial fixation and time. It is difficult to continue. However, the bunker culture carried by it has had a strong cultural vitality until today. The Tunpu culture, which is formed by the elements of diet, clothing, writing,and rituals, is recognized and spread by others in the form of symbols. At present, symbolic reconstruction based on Enshi Tusi City, first of all, it is necessary to highlight the regional cultural characteristics of Enshi Tusi City. Based on the macro-background of global tourism, the tourism resources in the region are revitalized, and differentiated tourism product service supply is formed to enhance the influence of the Tunpu culture. Finally, in the process of the spread of the toast culture, the local residents of Enshi Prefecture have the situation that the communication technology resources are weak. Therefore, it is necessary to make full use of the mobile communication technology to reduce the barriers to the spread of the toast culture, so that the toast culture represented by the Tusi City is more Spread widely and effectively to the outside world.
引文
(1)朱凌飞、曹瑀:《景观格局:一个重新想象乡村社会文化空间的维度--对布朗族村寨芒景的人类学研究》,《思想战线》2016年第3期。
(2)黄竹:《文化创意产业发展如何体现地域与传统性--恩施土家族文化创意产业研究》,《大众文艺》2016年第10期。
(3)姜爱:《旅游开发场域中“文化景观再造”的省思--以恩施土司城为个案》,《青海民族研究》2016年第3期。
(1)孙九霞、苏静:《旅游影响下传统社区空间变迁的理论探讨--基于空间生产理论的反思》,《旅游学刊》2014年第5期。
(2)黄竹:《文化创意产业发展如何体现地域与传统性--恩施土家族文化创意产业研究》,《大众文艺》2016年第10期。
(3)姜爱:《旅游开发场域中“文化景观再造”的省思--以恩施土司城为个案》,《青海民族研究》2016年第3期。
(1)孙九霞、苏静:《旅游影响下传统社区空间变迁的理论探讨--基于空间生产理论的反思》,《旅游学刊》2014年第5期。