煤矿大断面托顶煤巷道围岩变形破坏机理
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摘要
为了解决煤矿大断面托顶煤巷道支护难题,借助理论分析、数值模拟等方法对王庄煤矿7105工作面运输巷围岩变形破坏机制进行研究,分析了不同巷道断面、顶煤厚度在无支护时的围岩塑性区、位移场、应力场的演化规律。结果表明,顶煤厚度对大断面托顶煤巷道的稳定性影响重大,顶板下沉量随顶煤厚度增加而变大;随着巷道断面的扩大,围岩塑性区相应增加,两帮和顶板变化较大,底板无明显变化;适当减小顶煤厚度,即增大巷道高度,可有效控制巷道顶板变形,但应对巷道两帮加强支护;若巷道宽度,即跨度增大,顶板的位移量增加,应补打锚索加强顶板支护。监测结果显示,基于此结论设计的支护方案能有效地控制围岩变形。
To solve the problem of large section gateway support with top coal in coal mine, surrounding rock deformation and failure mechanism of Wangzhuang Coal Mine 7105 working face haulage way were studied through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, and plastic zone, displacement field, stress field distribution evolution laws with different sections, top coal thickness without support were analyzed. The result shows that the top coal thickness has great influence on the stability of the gateway, as the thickness increases, the roof subsidence will grow; with the increase of gateway section, the surrounding plastic zone expands correspondingly, and change of gateway sides and roof will rise, but the floor does not change significantly; proper reduction of top coal thickness as well as the augment of gateway height will effectively control the deformation of roof, but we have to strengthen the gateway sides support; and the width of roadway increases, the roof displacement will go up then the anchor cable has to be adopted to strengthen the roof. Field monitoring results showed that the support scheme based on this conclusion controlled surrounding rock deformation effectively.
To solve the problem of large section gateway support with top coal in coal mine, surrounding rock deformation and failure mechanism of Wangzhuang Coal Mine 7105 working face haulage way were studied through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, and plastic zone, displacement field, stress field distribution evolution laws with different sections, top coal thickness without support were analyzed. The result shows that the top coal thickness has great influence on the stability of the gateway, as the thickness increases, the roof subsidence will grow; with the increase of gateway section, the surrounding plastic zone expands correspondingly, and change of gateway sides and roof will rise, but the floor does not change significantly; proper reduction of top coal thickness as well as the augment of gateway height will effectively control the deformation of roof, but we have to strengthen the gateway sides support; and the width of roadway increases, the roof displacement will go up then the anchor cable has to be adopted to strengthen the roof. Field monitoring results showed that the support scheme based on this conclusion controlled surrounding rock deformation effectively.
引文
[1]彭杨皓,杨捷,程晋国,等.煤矿大断面托顶煤巷道变形机理及控制技术研究[J].矿业科学学报,2017(5):439-448.
[2]孟宪锐,马长住.大断面回采巷道的支护改革[J].矿山压力与顶板管理,1998(2):24-27.
[3]LI J,HE F,YAN H,et al.The caving and sliding control of surrounding rocks on large coal roadways affected by abutment pressure[J].Safety Science,2012,50(4):773.
[4]曾佑富,伍永平,来兴平,等.复杂条件下大断面巷道顶板冒落失稳分析[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2009,26(4):423-427.
[5]郭振兴.复杂地质条件下大断面巷道支护方式优化研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2014,42(3):12-16.
[6]张召千.大断面煤巷围岩稳定性控制及动态评价体系研究[D].太原:太原理工大学,2010.
[7]于洋,朱琪,王襄禹,等.大断面下山煤巷围岩稳定性控制技术[J].煤炭科学技术,2011,39(3):1-5.
[8]李国彪.干河煤矿大断面巷道围岩稳定性分析及控制技术研究[D].北京:中国矿业大学(北京),2013.
[9]单仁亮,孔祥松,李斌,等.大断面直墙半圆拱巷道支护设计与优化[J].中国矿业,2014(1):87-91.
[10]严红,何富连,王思贵.特大断面巷道软弱厚煤层顶板控制对策及安全评价[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2014,33(5):1014-1023.
[11]张西斌,张勇,李春元,等.大断面薄层状顶板回采巷道支护技术[J].煤炭科学技术,2011(7):5-8.
[12]武华太.高预应力强力锚杆支护技术在大断面巷道中的应用[J].煤矿开采,2010(4):68-70.
[13]周志利,柏建彪,肖同强,等.大断面煤巷变形破坏规律及控制技术[J].煤炭学报,2011(4):556-561.
[14]左建平,孙运江,王金涛,等.大断面破碎巷道全空间桁架锚索协同支护研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2016(3):1-6.
[15]张明.大断面回采巷道围岩破坏特征及控制对策[J].山西焦煤科技,2015,39(6):41-43.
[16]张日林,李蒙蒙,许保钊.王庄煤矿大断面巷道的破坏特征及模拟分析[J].煤,2013,22(8):49-51.
[17]张日林,王家臣,朱建明.大断面托顶煤巷道支护参数优化研究[J].中国矿业,2012,21(12):96-99.
[18]谢和平,周宏伟,王金安,等.FLAC在煤矿开采沉陷预测中的应用及对比分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1999(4):29-33.
[19]李振东,李辉,王健.地铁隧道支护系统的数值模拟研究[J].地下空间,2004(1):19-22.
[20]李建功.应力波在弹塑性煤岩体中传播衰减规律研究[D].青岛:山东科技大学,2008.
[21]张国龙,乔登攀,陈偶,等.盘区下向充填分层道稳定性数值模拟[J].黄金,2013,34(1):29-34.
[22]刘彦伟,李国富.下保护层开采上覆煤岩体采动效应及卸压范围扩界研究[J].矿业安全与环保,2013,40(3):1-5.
[23]杨万斌,蔡美峰,郭延华.大跨度全煤巷道开挖顺序数值模拟研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2006(4):437-441.
[24]史秀志,黄刚海,张舒,等.基于FLAC3D的复杂条件下露天转地下开采空区围岩变形及破坏特征[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2011,42(6):1710-1718.
[25]尚振华,唐绍辉,焦文宇,等.基于FLAC3D模拟的大规模采空区破坏概率研究[J].岩土力学,2014,35(10):3000-3006.
[26]马延巍,梁吉智,马延崑,等.近距离高瓦斯煤层群底抽巷煤与瓦斯共采实践[J].中国煤炭,2014,40(9):104-107.
[27]肖同强,柏建彪,王襄禹,等.深部大断面厚顶煤巷道围岩稳定原理及控制[J].岩土力学,2011,32(6):1874-1880.
[28]许保国,赵卫强.姚桥矿西六采区条带开采方案数值模拟分析[J].煤炭工程,2010(2):64-67.
[29]韩帅,孙达,金珠鹏,秦涛.不同屈服准则下回采巷道区段煤柱的合理宽度[J].煤矿安全,2018,49(2):189-193.
[30]褚晓威.高煤帮破坏机理及控制技术[J].煤炭工程,2017,49(2):78-81.
[31]李清,侯健,韩通,等.杨庄矿深部矩形煤巷围岩破坏特征及支护技术[J].中国矿业大学学报,2016,45(6):1124-1131.
[32]勾攀峰,辛亚军,申艳梅,等.深井巷道两帮锚固体作用机理及稳定性分析[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2013,30(1):7-13.
[33]孟波,靖洪文,陈坤福,等.软岩巷道围岩剪切滑移破坏机理及控制研究[J].岩土工程学报,2012,34(12):2255-2262.
[34]辛亚军,勾攀峰,贠东风,等.大倾角软岩回采巷道围岩失稳特征及支护分析[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2012,29(5):637-643.
[35]勾攀峰,陈启永,吴铁军.回采巷道锚杆支护两帮稳定性分析[J].焦作工学院学报,1999(5):317-321.
[36]鲁竞争,卫斐,马鹏,等.甘庄煤矿高应力巷道锚杆支护参数优化与应用[J].矿业安全与环保,2016,43(4):49-52.
[37]肖丹,赵恩彪.大断面巷道软弱厚煤层顶板稳定性控制与对策研究[J].矿业安全与环保,2017,44(6):31-35.
[2]孟宪锐,马长住.大断面回采巷道的支护改革[J].矿山压力与顶板管理,1998(2):24-27.
[3]LI J,HE F,YAN H,et al.The caving and sliding control of surrounding rocks on large coal roadways affected by abutment pressure[J].Safety Science,2012,50(4):773.
[4]曾佑富,伍永平,来兴平,等.复杂条件下大断面巷道顶板冒落失稳分析[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2009,26(4):423-427.
[5]郭振兴.复杂地质条件下大断面巷道支护方式优化研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2014,42(3):12-16.
[6]张召千.大断面煤巷围岩稳定性控制及动态评价体系研究[D].太原:太原理工大学,2010.
[7]于洋,朱琪,王襄禹,等.大断面下山煤巷围岩稳定性控制技术[J].煤炭科学技术,2011,39(3):1-5.
[8]李国彪.干河煤矿大断面巷道围岩稳定性分析及控制技术研究[D].北京:中国矿业大学(北京),2013.
[9]单仁亮,孔祥松,李斌,等.大断面直墙半圆拱巷道支护设计与优化[J].中国矿业,2014(1):87-91.
[10]严红,何富连,王思贵.特大断面巷道软弱厚煤层顶板控制对策及安全评价[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2014,33(5):1014-1023.
[11]张西斌,张勇,李春元,等.大断面薄层状顶板回采巷道支护技术[J].煤炭科学技术,2011(7):5-8.
[12]武华太.高预应力强力锚杆支护技术在大断面巷道中的应用[J].煤矿开采,2010(4):68-70.
[13]周志利,柏建彪,肖同强,等.大断面煤巷变形破坏规律及控制技术[J].煤炭学报,2011(4):556-561.
[14]左建平,孙运江,王金涛,等.大断面破碎巷道全空间桁架锚索协同支护研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2016(3):1-6.
[15]张明.大断面回采巷道围岩破坏特征及控制对策[J].山西焦煤科技,2015,39(6):41-43.
[16]张日林,李蒙蒙,许保钊.王庄煤矿大断面巷道的破坏特征及模拟分析[J].煤,2013,22(8):49-51.
[17]张日林,王家臣,朱建明.大断面托顶煤巷道支护参数优化研究[J].中国矿业,2012,21(12):96-99.
[18]谢和平,周宏伟,王金安,等.FLAC在煤矿开采沉陷预测中的应用及对比分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1999(4):29-33.
[19]李振东,李辉,王健.地铁隧道支护系统的数值模拟研究[J].地下空间,2004(1):19-22.
[20]李建功.应力波在弹塑性煤岩体中传播衰减规律研究[D].青岛:山东科技大学,2008.
[21]张国龙,乔登攀,陈偶,等.盘区下向充填分层道稳定性数值模拟[J].黄金,2013,34(1):29-34.
[22]刘彦伟,李国富.下保护层开采上覆煤岩体采动效应及卸压范围扩界研究[J].矿业安全与环保,2013,40(3):1-5.
[23]杨万斌,蔡美峰,郭延华.大跨度全煤巷道开挖顺序数值模拟研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2006(4):437-441.
[24]史秀志,黄刚海,张舒,等.基于FLAC3D的复杂条件下露天转地下开采空区围岩变形及破坏特征[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2011,42(6):1710-1718.
[25]尚振华,唐绍辉,焦文宇,等.基于FLAC3D模拟的大规模采空区破坏概率研究[J].岩土力学,2014,35(10):3000-3006.
[26]马延巍,梁吉智,马延崑,等.近距离高瓦斯煤层群底抽巷煤与瓦斯共采实践[J].中国煤炭,2014,40(9):104-107.
[27]肖同强,柏建彪,王襄禹,等.深部大断面厚顶煤巷道围岩稳定原理及控制[J].岩土力学,2011,32(6):1874-1880.
[28]许保国,赵卫强.姚桥矿西六采区条带开采方案数值模拟分析[J].煤炭工程,2010(2):64-67.
[29]韩帅,孙达,金珠鹏,秦涛.不同屈服准则下回采巷道区段煤柱的合理宽度[J].煤矿安全,2018,49(2):189-193.
[30]褚晓威.高煤帮破坏机理及控制技术[J].煤炭工程,2017,49(2):78-81.
[31]李清,侯健,韩通,等.杨庄矿深部矩形煤巷围岩破坏特征及支护技术[J].中国矿业大学学报,2016,45(6):1124-1131.
[32]勾攀峰,辛亚军,申艳梅,等.深井巷道两帮锚固体作用机理及稳定性分析[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2013,30(1):7-13.
[33]孟波,靖洪文,陈坤福,等.软岩巷道围岩剪切滑移破坏机理及控制研究[J].岩土工程学报,2012,34(12):2255-2262.
[34]辛亚军,勾攀峰,贠东风,等.大倾角软岩回采巷道围岩失稳特征及支护分析[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2012,29(5):637-643.
[35]勾攀峰,陈启永,吴铁军.回采巷道锚杆支护两帮稳定性分析[J].焦作工学院学报,1999(5):317-321.
[36]鲁竞争,卫斐,马鹏,等.甘庄煤矿高应力巷道锚杆支护参数优化与应用[J].矿业安全与环保,2016,43(4):49-52.
[37]肖丹,赵恩彪.大断面巷道软弱厚煤层顶板稳定性控制与对策研究[J].矿业安全与环保,2017,44(6):31-35.
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