外部利益相关者对乡村旅游企业创新的影响研究
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摘要
旅游企业是乡村旅游创新的主体。但整体来看,我国乡村旅游企业规模较小,创新资源相对不足,乡村旅游企业难以完全凭借个体力量实现创新,而是需要与外部利益相关者互动和合作,获取必要的创新资源,构建可持续的核心竞争优势。本文尝试分析外部关键利益相关者包括地方政府、旅游供应商、竞争企业、旅游消费者和当地社区居民对乡村旅游企业创新的影响,以期在理论层面丰富乡村旅游企业创新的研究内容,并在实践层面对我国乡村旅游企业创新提供一些参考和管理建议。
Tourism enterprises play important roles in rural tourism innovation. However, as a whole, rural tourism enterprises in China are relatively small in scale and lack of innovative resources. It is difficult for rural tourism enterprises to achieve effective and efficient innovation alone. Instead, they need to in-teract and cooperate with external stakeholders to obtain the necessary innovative resources and build sus-tainable core competitive advantages. This paper attempts to analyze the roles of external key stakeholders,including local governments, tourism suppliers, competitive enterprises, tourism consumers and local commu-nity residents, on the innovation of rural tourism enterprises. The results can enrich the research of rural tourism enterprises innovation and provide some reference and management suggestions for tourism businesses.
Tourism enterprises play important roles in rural tourism innovation. However, as a whole, rural tourism enterprises in China are relatively small in scale and lack of innovative resources. It is difficult for rural tourism enterprises to achieve effective and efficient innovation alone. Instead, they need to in-teract and cooperate with external stakeholders to obtain the necessary innovative resources and build sus-tainable core competitive advantages. This paper attempts to analyze the roles of external key stakeholders,including local governments, tourism suppliers, competitive enterprises, tourism consumers and local commu-nity residents, on the innovation of rural tourism enterprises. The results can enrich the research of rural tourism enterprises innovation and provide some reference and management suggestions for tourism businesses.
引文
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[2]张玉明,李荣,王欣.小微企业互联网环境与企业家社会资本对技术创新的影响研究[J].管理学报,2018,15(2):230-236.
[3]Komppula,R.Success and growth in rural tourism micro-businesses in Finland:financial or life-style objectives?In R.Thomas(Ed.),Small firms in tourism:International perspective[M].Amsterdam,Netherlands:Elsevier Science,B.V.,2004:115-138.
[4]Jesus,C.&Franco,M.Cooperation networks in tour ism:A study of hotels and rural tourism establishments in an inland region of Portugal[J].Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management,2016,29:165-175.
[5]刘德谦.关于乡村旅游、农业旅游与民俗旅游的几点辨析[J].旅游学刊,2006,21(3):12-19.
[6]卢小丽,成宇行,王立伟.国内外乡村旅游研究热点-近20年文献回顾[J].资源科学,2014,36(1):200-205.
[7]史玉丁,李建军.乡村旅游多功能发展与农村可持续生计协同研究[J].旅游学刊,2018,33(2):15-26.
[8]Lee,C.,Hallak,R.,&Sardeshmukh,S.R.Innovation,entrepreneurship,and restaurant performance:Ahigher-order structural model[J].Tourism Management,2016,53:215-228.
[9]Ateljevic,I.,Doorne,S.‘Staying within the Fenc e’:Lifestyle Entrepreneurship in Tourism[J].Journal of Sustainable Tourism,2000,5:378-392.
[10]OECD,Eurostat.Guidelines for collecting and i nterpreting innovation data-Oslo manual[S],Paris,2005,46.
[11]Hjalager,A.M.A review of innovation research i n tourism[J].Tourism Management,2010,31:1-12.
[12]江金波,唐金稳.国外旅游创新研究回顾与展望[J].经济地理,2017,37(9):215-224.
[13]辛安娜,李树民.国外旅游创新问题研究的前沿述评[J].经济管理,2015,37(6):110-122.
[14]贾生华,陈宏辉.利益相关者的界定方法述评[J].外国经济与管理,2002,(5):13-18.
[15]Li J,Xia J,Zajac E J.On the duality of political and economic stakeholder influence on firm innovation performance:Theory and evidence from Chinese firms[J].Strategic Management Journal,2018,39(1):193-216.