高含硫底水气藏气井见水时间预测模型
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摘要
高含硫气藏是一种非常规性气藏,普遍含有边、底水,该类气藏在开发过程中,伴随有元素硫的析出、沉积等现象,其中硫的沉积将降低储层的孔隙度和渗透率,从而影响底水的锥进速度、进而影响高含硫气井的见水时间。针对高含硫气藏水锥突进、气井见水等问题,首次建立了考虑硫沉积对储层渗透率、底水锥进速度影响的高含硫底水气藏气井见水时间预测模型。运用实例分析,与常见底水气藏见水时间预测模型计算结果相比,该模型计算的气井见水时间更接近油藏实际见水时间,相对误差仅为-6. 49%,其他常规底水气藏见水时间模型误差较大,说明该模型是可靠的。通过实例分析发现:气井见水时间受硫沉积影响而提前;并且含硫饱和度越大,气井见水也越早;井底流压和储层未射开厚度越大,气井见水时间越长;同时,较高的井底流压以及较大储层未射开厚度条件下,硫沉积对高含硫气藏气井见水时间的影响越明显。该研究成果对此类高含硫气藏气井见水时间的有效控制和气藏的安全生产具有一定的指导作用。
High-sulfur gas reservoir is a kind of unconventional gas reservoir,which generally contains the edge and bottom waters. In the process of developing this kind of gas reservoir,the phenomena of the elemental sulfur precipitation,deposition and so on are usually accompanied,and moreover the sulfur deposition will reduce the porosity and permeability of the reservoir,and furthermore the speed of the bottom water coning and water breakthrough time in the high-sulfur gas wells are affected. For the problems of the high-sulfur gas reservoir water coning in the reservoir,the breakthrough in the gas well and so forth,the predicting model of the gas-well water breakthrough time was established for the first time in the consideration of the influences of the sulfur deposition on the reservoir permeability and bottom-water coning velocity. With the help of the case analysis,comparing with the calculated results of the conventional predicting model of the water breakthrough time,the calculated water breakthrough time of the gas well by the model is more close to the one of the actual oil reservoir,the relative error is only-6. 49%,while the corresponding results by the other conventional model are rather big,these prove that themodel is pretty reliable. The case analysis shows that the breakthrough time of the gas well was advanced by the influence of the sulfur depositions; and moreover the bigger the sulfur saturation is,the earlier the gas well water breakthrough will be; the bigger the bottom flow pressure and the imperforated thickness,the longer the breakthrough time will be; at the same time,the higher the bottom-hole producing pressure and the thickness,the more obvious of the influence of the sulfur deposition on the well breakthrough time of the high-sulfur gas reservoir will be. The research results possess a certain guiding significance for the effective control of the gas-well water breakthrough time and safe production of the gas reservoir in such gas reservoirs with high sulfur content.
High-sulfur gas reservoir is a kind of unconventional gas reservoir,which generally contains the edge and bottom waters. In the process of developing this kind of gas reservoir,the phenomena of the elemental sulfur precipitation,deposition and so on are usually accompanied,and moreover the sulfur deposition will reduce the porosity and permeability of the reservoir,and furthermore the speed of the bottom water coning and water breakthrough time in the high-sulfur gas wells are affected. For the problems of the high-sulfur gas reservoir water coning in the reservoir,the breakthrough in the gas well and so forth,the predicting model of the gas-well water breakthrough time was established for the first time in the consideration of the influences of the sulfur deposition on the reservoir permeability and bottom-water coning velocity. With the help of the case analysis,comparing with the calculated results of the conventional predicting model of the water breakthrough time,the calculated water breakthrough time of the gas well by the model is more close to the one of the actual oil reservoir,the relative error is only-6. 49%,while the corresponding results by the other conventional model are rather big,these prove that themodel is pretty reliable. The case analysis shows that the breakthrough time of the gas well was advanced by the influence of the sulfur depositions; and moreover the bigger the sulfur saturation is,the earlier the gas well water breakthrough will be; the bigger the bottom flow pressure and the imperforated thickness,the longer the breakthrough time will be; at the same time,the higher the bottom-hole producing pressure and the thickness,the more obvious of the influence of the sulfur deposition on the well breakthrough time of the high-sulfur gas reservoir will be. The research results possess a certain guiding significance for the effective control of the gas-well water breakthrough time and safe production of the gas reservoir in such gas reservoirs with high sulfur content.
引文
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[15]唐人选.底水油藏水锥动态模拟及见水时间预测[J].新疆石油地质,2003,24(6):572-573.TANG Renxuan. Simulation of water coning performance and prediction of water breakthrough time in bottom-water reservoirs[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2003,12(6):572-573.
[2]黄全华,陆云,付云辉,等.考虑非达西效应的底水气藏见水时间预测方法[J].科学技术与工程,2016,16(14):137-140.HUANG Quanhua,LU Yun,FU Yunhui,et al. Considering nonDarcy effect of bottom water reservoir prediction method of water breakthrough time[J]. Science Technology and Engineering,2016,16(14):137-140.
[3] ZENDEHBOUDI S,ELKAMEL A,CHATZIS I,et al. Estimation of breakthrough time for water coning in fractured systems:Experimental study and connectionist modeling[J]. American Institute of Chemical Engineers,2014,60(5):1905-1919.
[4]LI Yahui,LI Haitao,LI Ying. Prediction method of bottom water coning profile and water breakthrough time in bottom water reservoir without barrier[J]. Mathematical Problems in Engineering,2015.
[5] DU Zhimin,GUO Xiao,ZHANG Yong,et al. Gas-liquid-solid coupled flow modelling in fractured carbonate gas reservoir with high H2S content[C]. First International Oil Conference and Exhibition in Mexico,2006.
[6]卞小强,杜建芬,李明军,等.高含硫气藏元素硫沉积及其对储层伤害模型研究[J].西安石油大学学报,2008,23(3):43-46.BIAN Xiaoqiang,DU Jianfen,LI Mingjun,et al. Study on the reservoir damage of sulfur deposition in the gas reservoirs with high sulfur content[J]. Journal of Xi'an Shiyou University,2008,23(3):43-46.
[7] GUO Xiao,DU Zhimin,YANG Xuefeng,et al. Sulfur deposition in sour gas reservoir:laboratory and simulation study[J]. Petroleum Science,2009,6(4):405-414.
[8]郭珍珍,李治平,赖枫鹏,等.考虑硫沉积的气井流入动态曲线特征[J].天然气地球科学, 2014, 25(12):2065-2071.GUO Zhenzhen,LI Zhiping,LAI Fengpeng,et al. Characteristics of gas well inflow performance with sulfur deposition[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience,2014,25(12):2065-2071.
[9]郭肖,周小涪.考虑非达西作用的高含硫气井近井地带硫饱和度预测模型[J].天然气工业,2015,35(4):40-44.GUO Xiao,ZHOU Xiaofu. A prediction model of sulfur saturation in the near-wellbore areas of high sulfur gas wells considering the effects of non-Darcy flow[J]. Natural Gas Industry,2015,35(4):40-44.
[10] ADESINA F,CHURCHILL A. Prediction of elemental sulphur saturation around the wellbore[J]. Global Journal of Researches in Engineering,2010,10(2):31-37.
[11]陈元千,孙兵,姜凤光,等.半球形流气井产量公式的推导与应用[J].油气井测试,2009,18(3):1-4.CHEN Yuanqian, SUN Bing, JIANG Fengguang, et al.Derivation and application of semi-spherical flow production formula of gas well[J]. Well Testing,2009,18(3):1-4.
[12] CIVAN F,KNAPP R M,OHEN H A. Alteration of permeability by fine particle processes[J]. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,1989,3(1/2):65-79.
[13] ROBERTS B. The effect of sulfur deposition on gas well inflow performance[J]. SPE Reservoir Engineering,1997,12(2):118-123.
[14]杨丽娟.低渗透底水气藏水锥动态及合理开采对策应用研究[D].成都:西南石油大学,2006.YANG Lijuan. Water coning dynamics in low permeability gas reservoirs with bottom water and reasonable production plan[D].Chengdu:Southwest Petroleum University,2006.
[15]唐人选.底水油藏水锥动态模拟及见水时间预测[J].新疆石油地质,2003,24(6):572-573.TANG Renxuan. Simulation of water coning performance and prediction of water breakthrough time in bottom-water reservoirs[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2003,12(6):572-573.