基于故障模式与影响分析法和故障树的全光纤电流互感器故障诊断专家系统
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摘要
全光纤电流互感器FOCT(fiber optical current transducer)被广泛应用于电力系统,对其进行故障诊断和分析,能够提高其运行可靠性。基于全光纤电流互感器故障数据构建故障模式与影响分析FMEA(fault mode and effect analysis)表格,建立故障树,构造故障特征空间。利用FMEA表格、故障树和故障特征空间聚类中心构造故障诊断专家系统,从而实现对故障类型、模式和部件的准确诊断。利用某区域电网中全光纤电流互感器故障数据和故障案例对所提方法进行验证,结果表明:基于故障诊断专家系统对故障全光纤电流互感器进行诊断的结果与现场实际结果一致,验证了本方法准确性和可靠性。
Fiber optical current transducer(FOCT)is widely used in power systems,and its operational reliability can be greatly improved through fault diagnosis and analysis.Based on the fault data of FOCTs,a fault mode and effect analysis(FMEA)table,a fault tree,and a fault feature space are constructed.A fault diagnosis expert system is built based on the FMEA table,fault tree and clustering center of fault feature space,thus realizing the accurate diagnosis of fault type,mode,and parts.The fault data and fault cases of FOCTs in a regional power grid were used to validate the proposed method,and results showed that the diagnosis results of the fault FOCTs based on the proposed fault diagnosis expert system were consistent with the actual on-site result.Therefore,the method proposed in this paper is accurate and reliable.
Fiber optical current transducer(FOCT)is widely used in power systems,and its operational reliability can be greatly improved through fault diagnosis and analysis.Based on the fault data of FOCTs,a fault mode and effect analysis(FMEA)table,a fault tree,and a fault feature space are constructed.A fault diagnosis expert system is built based on the FMEA table,fault tree and clustering center of fault feature space,thus realizing the accurate diagnosis of fault type,mode,and parts.The fault data and fault cases of FOCTs in a regional power grid were used to validate the proposed method,and results showed that the diagnosis results of the fault FOCTs based on the proposed fault diagnosis expert system were consistent with the actual on-site result.Therefore,the method proposed in this paper is accurate and reliable.
引文
[1]裴焕斗,祖静,陈鸿,等(Pei Huandou,Zu Jing,Chen Hong,et al).全光纤电流互感器研究(Research on all fiber-optical current transducer)[J].电子测量与仪器学报(Journal of Electronic Measurement and Instrument),2008,22(4):34-38.
[2]刘晔,王采堂,苏彦民,等(Liu Ye,Wang Caitang,Su Yanmin,et al).电力系统适用光学电流互感器的研究新进展(New direction of study of optical current transducer used in power system)[J].电力系统自动化(Automation of Electric Power Systems),2000,24(17):60-64.
[3]Ning Y N,Wang Z P,Palmer A W,et al.Recent progress in optical current sensing techniques[J].Review of Scientific Instrument,1995,66(5):3097-3111.
[4]丁滢(Ding Ying).全光纤电流互感技术研究(Research on All Fiber Optical Current Transducer)[D].上海:上海交通大学电子信息与电气工程学院(Shanghai:School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University),2012.
[5]王立辉,何周,刘锡祥,等(Wang Lihui,He Zhou,Liu Xixiang,et al).反射式光纤电流互感器光波偏振态相互转换过程中的误差特性(Error characteristics in mutual conversion process of reflective fiber optic current transducer’s optical polarization state)[J].电工技术学报(Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society),2013,28(1):173-178.
[6]陈硕,刘占元,刘鹏飞,等(Chen Shuo,Liu Zhanyuan,Liu Pengfei,et al).基于光纤反射腔的高灵敏电流传感器方案(A scenario of high sensitivity current sensor based on optical fiber reflection cavity)[J].光学与光电技术(Optics&Optoelectronic Technology),2014,12(1):19-23.
[7]穆杰,王嘉,赵卫,等(Mu Jie,Wang Jia,Zhao Wei,et al).消除振动敏感性与温度漂移的光纤电流互感器(Vibration and temperature insensitive fiber-optic current transducer)[J].高电压技术(High Voltage Engineering),2010,36(4):980-986.
[8]许扬,陆于平,卜强生,等(Xu Yang,Lu Yuping,Bu Qiangsheng,et al).光纤电流互感器对保护精度和可靠性的影响分析(Analysis for effect fiber-optic current transformer on protection accuracy and reliability)[J].电力系统自动化(Automation of Electric Power Systems),2013,37(16):119-124.
[9]战梦雪(Zhan Mengxue).基于DSP的全光纤电流互感器检测系统研究(Research on Detection System for Optical Current Transformer Based on DSP)[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨理工大学电气与电子工程学院(Harbin:School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Harbin University of Science and Technology),2015.
[10]胡婷婷,马晓春,张朝阳(Hu Tingting,Ma Xiaochun,Zhang Chaoyang).全光纤电流互感器的准确度校验(Calibration of the accuracy for all fiber-optical current transducer)[J].高压电器(High Voltage Apparatus).2012,48(5):80-83,88.
[11]王夏宵,张春熹,张朝阳,等(Wang Xiaxiao,Zhang Chunxi,Zhang Chaoyang,et al).全光纤电流互感器的偏振误差研究(Study of polarization errors of all fiber optical current transformers)[J].光子学报(Acta Photonica Sinica),2007,36(2):320-323.
[12]王夏宵,秦祎,王野,等(Wang Xiaxiao,Qin Yi,Wang Ye,et al).光纤电流传感器的延迟光纤偏振串音误差(Errors of fiber delay line polarization crosstalk for all fiber optical current sensor)[J].光学精密工程(Optics and Precision Engineering),2014,22(11):2930-2936.
[13]刘青,傅代印,马朋,等(Liu Qing,Fu Daiyin,Ma Peng,et al).考虑温度特性的全光纤电流互感器实时动态仿真模型(Real-time dynamic simulation model of fiber optical current transformer considering temperature characteristics)[J].电网技术(Power System Technology),2015,39(6):1759-1764.
[14]王鹏,张贵新,朱小梅,等(Wang Peng,Zhang Guixin,Zhu Xiaomei,et al).电子式电流互感器温度特性分析(Temperature characteristic analysis on electronic current transformer)[J].电工技术学报(Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society),2007,22(10):60-64.
[15]刘晓隆(Liu Xiaolong).全光纤电流传感器温度稳定性优化设计与实现(Optimization and Implementation of Temperature Stability of All Fiber Optic Current Sensor)[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学自动化学院(Harbin:School of Automation,Harbin Engineering University),2013.
[16]陈安伟,乐全明,冯亚东,等(Chen Anwei,Yue Quanming,Feng Yadong,et al).全光纤电流互感器温度性能优化方法(Temperature performance optimization of FO-CT)[J].电力自动化设备(Electric Power Automation Equipment),2011,31(1):142-145.
[17]陈嵩,郭志忠,张国庆,等(Cheng Song,Guo Zhizhong,Zhang Guoqing,et al).全光纤电流互感器的温度特性(Temperature characteristic of fiber optic current sensor)[J].高电压技术(High Voltage Engineering),2015,41(11):3843-3848.
[18]万代,钟力生,于钦学,等(Wang Dai,Zhong Lisheng,Yu Qinxue,et al).直线型、螺线管嵌套型及多光路反射式光纤电流传感器结构设计与仿真(Structure design and simulation study on line,solenoids nested and multiplereflection optical channels type optical fiber current sensor)[J].高电压技术(High Voltage Engineering),2013,39(11):2678-2685.
[19]王美蓉(Wang Meirong).基于BGO晶体的光纤电流传感器研究(Investigations of Optical Fiber Current Transducer Based on BGO Crystal)[D].西安:西北工业大学机电学院(Xi’an:School of Mechanical Engineering,Northwestern Polytechnic University),2005.
[20]张昊(Zhang Hao).环形结构全光纤电流传感器研究(Research on All-Fiber Current Sensor Based on Loop Architecture)[D].福州:福建师范大学光电与信息工程学院(Fuzhou:College of Photonic and Electronic Engineering,Fujian Normal University),2014.
[21]张利燕,郭猛,陈志勇,等(Zhang Liyan,Guo Meng,Chen Zhiyong,et al).电流互感器故障诊断与分析(Diagnosis and analysis of current transformer)[J].变压器(Transformer),2011,48(11):57-59.
[22]林颖,郭紫红,陈玉峰(Lin Ying,Guo Zihong,Chen Yufeng).基于卷积递归网络的电流互感器红外故障图像诊断(Convolutional-recursive network based current transformer infrared fault image diagnosis)[J].电力系统保护与控制(Power System Protection and Control),2015,43(16):87-94.
[23]黄海波,段建家,刘味果,等(Huang Haibo,Duan Jianjia,Liu Weiguo,et al).油浸式电流互感器内部局部放电故障的诊断分析(Diagnostic analysis of internal partial discharge fault for an oil-immersed current transformer)[J].湖南电力(Hunan Electric Power),2015,35(2):35-36,40.
[24]杨云雨(Yang Yunyu).基于小波神经网络的空调系统传感器故障诊断(Wavelet Neural Network Based Sensor FDD Method in HVAC Systems)[D].上海:上海交通大学机械工程学院(Shanghai:School of Mechanical Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University),2008.
[25]王鹏,张贵新,朱小梅,等(Wang Peng,Zhang Guixin,Zhu Xiaomei,et al).基于故障模式与后果分析及故障树法的电子式电流互感器可靠性分析(Analysis on reliability of electronic current transformer based on failure modes effects analysis and fault tree analysis)[J].电网技术(Power System Technology),2006,30(23):15-20.--------
[2]刘晔,王采堂,苏彦民,等(Liu Ye,Wang Caitang,Su Yanmin,et al).电力系统适用光学电流互感器的研究新进展(New direction of study of optical current transducer used in power system)[J].电力系统自动化(Automation of Electric Power Systems),2000,24(17):60-64.
[3]Ning Y N,Wang Z P,Palmer A W,et al.Recent progress in optical current sensing techniques[J].Review of Scientific Instrument,1995,66(5):3097-3111.
[4]丁滢(Ding Ying).全光纤电流互感技术研究(Research on All Fiber Optical Current Transducer)[D].上海:上海交通大学电子信息与电气工程学院(Shanghai:School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University),2012.
[5]王立辉,何周,刘锡祥,等(Wang Lihui,He Zhou,Liu Xixiang,et al).反射式光纤电流互感器光波偏振态相互转换过程中的误差特性(Error characteristics in mutual conversion process of reflective fiber optic current transducer’s optical polarization state)[J].电工技术学报(Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society),2013,28(1):173-178.
[6]陈硕,刘占元,刘鹏飞,等(Chen Shuo,Liu Zhanyuan,Liu Pengfei,et al).基于光纤反射腔的高灵敏电流传感器方案(A scenario of high sensitivity current sensor based on optical fiber reflection cavity)[J].光学与光电技术(Optics&Optoelectronic Technology),2014,12(1):19-23.
[7]穆杰,王嘉,赵卫,等(Mu Jie,Wang Jia,Zhao Wei,et al).消除振动敏感性与温度漂移的光纤电流互感器(Vibration and temperature insensitive fiber-optic current transducer)[J].高电压技术(High Voltage Engineering),2010,36(4):980-986.
[8]许扬,陆于平,卜强生,等(Xu Yang,Lu Yuping,Bu Qiangsheng,et al).光纤电流互感器对保护精度和可靠性的影响分析(Analysis for effect fiber-optic current transformer on protection accuracy and reliability)[J].电力系统自动化(Automation of Electric Power Systems),2013,37(16):119-124.
[9]战梦雪(Zhan Mengxue).基于DSP的全光纤电流互感器检测系统研究(Research on Detection System for Optical Current Transformer Based on DSP)[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨理工大学电气与电子工程学院(Harbin:School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Harbin University of Science and Technology),2015.
[10]胡婷婷,马晓春,张朝阳(Hu Tingting,Ma Xiaochun,Zhang Chaoyang).全光纤电流互感器的准确度校验(Calibration of the accuracy for all fiber-optical current transducer)[J].高压电器(High Voltage Apparatus).2012,48(5):80-83,88.
[11]王夏宵,张春熹,张朝阳,等(Wang Xiaxiao,Zhang Chunxi,Zhang Chaoyang,et al).全光纤电流互感器的偏振误差研究(Study of polarization errors of all fiber optical current transformers)[J].光子学报(Acta Photonica Sinica),2007,36(2):320-323.
[12]王夏宵,秦祎,王野,等(Wang Xiaxiao,Qin Yi,Wang Ye,et al).光纤电流传感器的延迟光纤偏振串音误差(Errors of fiber delay line polarization crosstalk for all fiber optical current sensor)[J].光学精密工程(Optics and Precision Engineering),2014,22(11):2930-2936.
[13]刘青,傅代印,马朋,等(Liu Qing,Fu Daiyin,Ma Peng,et al).考虑温度特性的全光纤电流互感器实时动态仿真模型(Real-time dynamic simulation model of fiber optical current transformer considering temperature characteristics)[J].电网技术(Power System Technology),2015,39(6):1759-1764.
[14]王鹏,张贵新,朱小梅,等(Wang Peng,Zhang Guixin,Zhu Xiaomei,et al).电子式电流互感器温度特性分析(Temperature characteristic analysis on electronic current transformer)[J].电工技术学报(Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society),2007,22(10):60-64.
[15]刘晓隆(Liu Xiaolong).全光纤电流传感器温度稳定性优化设计与实现(Optimization and Implementation of Temperature Stability of All Fiber Optic Current Sensor)[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学自动化学院(Harbin:School of Automation,Harbin Engineering University),2013.
[16]陈安伟,乐全明,冯亚东,等(Chen Anwei,Yue Quanming,Feng Yadong,et al).全光纤电流互感器温度性能优化方法(Temperature performance optimization of FO-CT)[J].电力自动化设备(Electric Power Automation Equipment),2011,31(1):142-145.
[17]陈嵩,郭志忠,张国庆,等(Cheng Song,Guo Zhizhong,Zhang Guoqing,et al).全光纤电流互感器的温度特性(Temperature characteristic of fiber optic current sensor)[J].高电压技术(High Voltage Engineering),2015,41(11):3843-3848.
[18]万代,钟力生,于钦学,等(Wang Dai,Zhong Lisheng,Yu Qinxue,et al).直线型、螺线管嵌套型及多光路反射式光纤电流传感器结构设计与仿真(Structure design and simulation study on line,solenoids nested and multiplereflection optical channels type optical fiber current sensor)[J].高电压技术(High Voltage Engineering),2013,39(11):2678-2685.
[19]王美蓉(Wang Meirong).基于BGO晶体的光纤电流传感器研究(Investigations of Optical Fiber Current Transducer Based on BGO Crystal)[D].西安:西北工业大学机电学院(Xi’an:School of Mechanical Engineering,Northwestern Polytechnic University),2005.
[20]张昊(Zhang Hao).环形结构全光纤电流传感器研究(Research on All-Fiber Current Sensor Based on Loop Architecture)[D].福州:福建师范大学光电与信息工程学院(Fuzhou:College of Photonic and Electronic Engineering,Fujian Normal University),2014.
[21]张利燕,郭猛,陈志勇,等(Zhang Liyan,Guo Meng,Chen Zhiyong,et al).电流互感器故障诊断与分析(Diagnosis and analysis of current transformer)[J].变压器(Transformer),2011,48(11):57-59.
[22]林颖,郭紫红,陈玉峰(Lin Ying,Guo Zihong,Chen Yufeng).基于卷积递归网络的电流互感器红外故障图像诊断(Convolutional-recursive network based current transformer infrared fault image diagnosis)[J].电力系统保护与控制(Power System Protection and Control),2015,43(16):87-94.
[23]黄海波,段建家,刘味果,等(Huang Haibo,Duan Jianjia,Liu Weiguo,et al).油浸式电流互感器内部局部放电故障的诊断分析(Diagnostic analysis of internal partial discharge fault for an oil-immersed current transformer)[J].湖南电力(Hunan Electric Power),2015,35(2):35-36,40.
[24]杨云雨(Yang Yunyu).基于小波神经网络的空调系统传感器故障诊断(Wavelet Neural Network Based Sensor FDD Method in HVAC Systems)[D].上海:上海交通大学机械工程学院(Shanghai:School of Mechanical Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University),2008.
[25]王鹏,张贵新,朱小梅,等(Wang Peng,Zhang Guixin,Zhu Xiaomei,et al).基于故障模式与后果分析及故障树法的电子式电流互感器可靠性分析(Analysis on reliability of electronic current transformer based on failure modes effects analysis and fault tree analysis)[J].电网技术(Power System Technology),2006,30(23):15-20.--------