硝酸钠加重海水基压裂液性能评价
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摘要
为满足海上油气田深井、超深井压裂需要,用NaNO_3加重海水与两性离子胍胶稠化剂、有机硼锆交联剂及其他添加剂配制压裂液,研究了NaNO_3加重海水基压裂液密度,溶胀性能,耐剪切性能,滤失性能,破胶性能,破胶液对岩心渗透率及对支撑剂导流能力的伤害。结果表明,35%NaNO_3加重海水与0.52%两性离子胍胶稠化剂及其他添加剂配制的压裂液密度为1.20 g/cm~3(20℃),NaNO_3海水溶液对两性离子胍胶稠化剂溶胀性能的影响大于海水,NaNO_3加重海水基压裂液耐剪切性能、降滤失性能等各项性能良好。在150℃、170 s~(-1)下连续剪切120min后的黏度为76 mPa·s;压裂液在80℃下的动态滤失系数为2.81×10~(-4)m/min~(0.5);在60℃和80℃下,压裂液在3数4 h完全破胶,破胶液黏度小于5 m Pa·s;压裂液对岩心基质渗透率损害率为23.3%;在82.7 MPa闭合压力下对支撑剂导流能力伤害率为41.89%;满足压裂施工要求。图4表3参15
In order to satisfy the fracturing needs of deep and ultra-deep well in offshore oil and gas fields,the fracturing fluid was prepared by sodium nitrate weighted seawater,zwitterion guar thickener,organic borate-zirconate crosslinker,etc. The density,swelling performance,shear resistance,filtrate reduction performance,gel-breaking performance,permeability damage rate and conductivity damage rate of sodium nitrate weighted seawater-based fracturing fluid were studied. The results showed that the density of 35% sodium nitrate weighted seawater-based fracturing fluid was 1.20 g/cm~3 at 20℃. The effect of sodium nitrate seawater solution on the swelling performance of zwitterion guar was greater than that of seawater. The sodium nitrate weighted seawater-based fracturing fluid had good performances,including shear resistance,filtrate reduction performance,etc. The viscosity of fracturing fluid was 76 mPa·s on the condition of temperate 150℃,shear rate 170 s~(-1),shear time 120 min. The dynamic filtration coefficient of fracturing fluid was 2.81×10~(-4) m/min~(0.5) at 80℃. The viscosity of breaking fluid was lower than 5 mPa·s after fracturing fluid breaking 3—4 h at 60℃ or 80℃. The core permeability damage rate of fracturing fluid was 23.3%,and the conductivity damage rate was 41.89% under 82.7 MPa closed pressure,which satisfied the requirements of fracturing.
In order to satisfy the fracturing needs of deep and ultra-deep well in offshore oil and gas fields,the fracturing fluid was prepared by sodium nitrate weighted seawater,zwitterion guar thickener,organic borate-zirconate crosslinker,etc. The density,swelling performance,shear resistance,filtrate reduction performance,gel-breaking performance,permeability damage rate and conductivity damage rate of sodium nitrate weighted seawater-based fracturing fluid were studied. The results showed that the density of 35% sodium nitrate weighted seawater-based fracturing fluid was 1.20 g/cm~3 at 20℃. The effect of sodium nitrate seawater solution on the swelling performance of zwitterion guar was greater than that of seawater. The sodium nitrate weighted seawater-based fracturing fluid had good performances,including shear resistance,filtrate reduction performance,etc. The viscosity of fracturing fluid was 76 mPa·s on the condition of temperate 150℃,shear rate 170 s~(-1),shear time 120 min. The dynamic filtration coefficient of fracturing fluid was 2.81×10~(-4) m/min~(0.5) at 80℃. The viscosity of breaking fluid was lower than 5 mPa·s after fracturing fluid breaking 3—4 h at 60℃ or 80℃. The core permeability damage rate of fracturing fluid was 23.3%,and the conductivity damage rate was 41.89% under 82.7 MPa closed pressure,which satisfied the requirements of fracturing.
引文
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[2]ALI S A,PICKERING W M,SKETCHLER B C,et al.Offshore frac packs benefit from seawater-based borate fluid[J].Oil Gas,1998,96(39):49-62.
[3]梁文利,赵林,辛素云.压裂液技术研究新进展[J].断块油气田,2009,16(1):95-98.
[4]郭布民,王杏尊,鲍文辉.西湖凹陷探井压裂实践与认识[J].石油钻采工艺,2012,34(增刊):70-72.
[5]王坤,吴增智,邹鸿江.海上中高渗储层压裂工艺技术研究与实践[J].钻采工艺,2016,39(6):54-57.
[6]SATYA GUPTA D V,CARMAN P S.Evaluation of a high-density brine viscosifier for ultra-deep fracture stimulation[C].//SPEHydraulic Fracturing Technology Conference and Exhibition.Woodlands,Texas,2011:1-7.
[7]唐瑞江.超细低伤害加重压裂液在元坝地区的应用[J].石油钻采工艺,2015,37(2):82-84.
[8]王彦玲,张悦,刘飞,等.复合无机盐加重压裂液研究[J].精细石油化工,2017,35(5):6-8.
[9]任占春.甲酸盐加重瓜胶压裂液体系[J].钻井液与完井液,2017,34(1):122-126.
[10]BEALL B,MONROE T,VOLLMER D,et al.Brine effects on hydration rates for polymers used in completion and workover operations[C].//SPE International Symposium and Exhibition on Formation Damage Control.Lafayette,Louisiana,2004.
[11]WANG Q,ELLIS P R,ROSS-MURRHY S B.Dissolution Kinetics of guar gum powders.I.Methods for commercial poludisperse sample[J].Carbohydrate Polym,2002,49(2):131-137.
[12]林波,刘通义,陈光杰.一种海水基清洁压裂液体系研究[J].油田化学,2015,32(3):336-340.
[13]PALTU B,INDRAJYOTI M,SUBHASH B,et al.Sorption of water vapor,hydration,and viscosity of carboxymethylhydrox guar,diutan,and xanthan gums,and their molecular association with and without salts(NaCl,CaCl2,HCOOK,CH3COONa,(NH4)2SO4and MgSO4)in aqueous solution[J].Langmuir,2009,25(19):11647-11656.
[14]PHILLIP C H,DIEDERIK V B.A comparison of freshwater and seawater-based borate-crosslinked fracturing fluids[C].//SPEInternational Symposium on Oilfield Chemistry.Houston,Texas,1999:1-5.
[15]HUANG F Y C,GUNDEWAR R S,STEED D L,et al.Feasibility of using produced water for crosslinked gel-based hydraulic fracturing[C].//SPE Production Operations Symposium.2005:94320.