机械通风下的养殖舍内多通道氨气采集仪的设计
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摘要
机械化、集约化、智能化等生产方式越来越多地应用到农业生产中,在带来丰富农产品的同时,农业源气体污染物也在局部的有限空间内大量聚集,不仅影响农村居民的生产生活,而且制约着农业经济的可持续发展。本文提出一种多通道氨气采集仪的设计,可以持续采集6个独立位置的氨气样本。与氨气分析仪组合使用,使氨气分析仪能够监测多个采样点,并延长其监测距离,可实现对机械通风养殖舍内氨气的多点连续监测。本设计可提高监测设备利用率,降低监测成本,对农业源气体污染物的研究有一定促进作用。
Mechanization, intensivism, intelligence and other modes of production are increasingly applied to agricultural production, which bringing abundant agricultural products, agricultural source gas pollutants are also a lot of concentrated in local limited space. It not only affects the production and life of rural residents, but also restricts the sustainable development of agricultural economy. This paper proposes the design of a multi-channel ammonia collector, which can continuously collect six independent gas samples. Combined with the ammonia analyzer, the ammonia analyzer can monitor multiple sampling points and extend the monitoring distance, which can realize the multi-point continuous monitoring of ammonia in the mechanically ventilated breeding house. This design can improve the utilization ratio of gas monitoring equipment, reduce the monitoring cost, and promote the research of agricultural source gas pollutants.
Mechanization, intensivism, intelligence and other modes of production are increasingly applied to agricultural production, which bringing abundant agricultural products, agricultural source gas pollutants are also a lot of concentrated in local limited space. It not only affects the production and life of rural residents, but also restricts the sustainable development of agricultural economy. This paper proposes the design of a multi-channel ammonia collector, which can continuously collect six independent gas samples. Combined with the ammonia analyzer, the ammonia analyzer can monitor multiple sampling points and extend the monitoring distance, which can realize the multi-point continuous monitoring of ammonia in the mechanically ventilated breeding house. This design can improve the utilization ratio of gas monitoring equipment, reduce the monitoring cost, and promote the research of agricultural source gas pollutants.
引文
[1]徐萍,刘臣辉,杨文燕,唐超,马志明,周明耀.大气污染物和污染源重要性排序研究[J].环境科学与技术,2017,40(12):44-49.
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[6]赵天良,柳笛,李恬,黄建平,徐祥德,周晨虹,汤莉莉,刘寿东.农业活动大气污染物排放及其大气环境效应研究进展[J].科学技术与工程,2016,16(28):144-152.
[7]黄成,陈长虹,李莉,程真,王红丽,王杨君,黄海英,张钢锋,陈宜然.长江三角洲地区人为源大气污染物排放特征研究[J].环境科学学报,2011,31(09):1858-1871.
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[9]唐双娥.美国关于温室气体为“空气污染物”的争论及对我国的启示[J].中国环境管理干部学院学报,2011,21(04):1-4+21.
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[11]国家发展和改革委员会应对气候变化司. 中华人民共和国气候变化第二次国家信息通报:北京·2013[M].北京:中国经济出版社, 2013.
[12]郑君瑜. 区域高分辨率大气排放源清单建立的技术方法与应用[M].北京:科学出版社, 2014.
[13]国家环境保护总局空气和废气监测分析方法编委会. 空气和废气监测分析方法-第4版[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社, 2003.
[14]魏复盛. 空气和废气监测分析方法指南[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社, 2006.
[15]周泽义,周鑫,王德发.多路气体自动进样器的研制[J].分析测试学报,2010,29(05):530-532.
[16]李娜,陈建中,李宇飞.湿地温室气体气相色谱分析及采样-进样技术研究进展[J].分析测试技术与仪器,2010,16(04):213-217.
[17]代小蓉,Ji-Qin Ni,潘乔纳,汪开英,Albert JHeber.华东地区典型保育猪舍温湿度和空气质量监测[J].农业机械学报,2016,47(07):315-322.
[18]Tremblay F J B, Masse D I. Instrumentation for precise quantification of methane emissions form dairy herds[J]. Canadian Biosystems Engineering, 2008, 50(7): 21-28.
[19]Ngwabie N M, Jeppsson K H, Nimmermark S, et al. Multi-location measurements of greenhouse gases and emission rates of methane and ammonia from a naturally-ventilated barn for dairy cows[J]. Biosystems Engineering ,2009,103:68-77.
[20]Jacobson L, Hetchler B, Schmidt D, et al. Quality Assured Measurements of Animal Building Emissions: Odor Concentrations[J]. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, 2008, 58(6):806-11.
[21]徐成海. 真空设备选型与采购指南[M]. 北京:化学工业出版社, 2013.
[22]周曲珠, 张立新. 图解液压气动技术与实训[M]. 北京:中国电力出版社, 2015.
[23]杜雷. 浅析仪表防腐蚀措施[J]. 城市建设理论研究:电子版, 2012(34).
[24]齐立锋, 刘智敏, 陈冠中,等. MEMS流量传感器[J]. 中国电子商务, 2012(14):110-111.
[25]何宾, 姚永平. STC单片机原理及应用[M]. 北京:清华大学出版社, 2015.
[26]张新, 陈跃琴. 51单片机应用开发25例[M]. 北京:电子工业出版社, 2013.
[27]张志良. 80C51单片机实验实训100例[M]. 北京:北京航空航天大学出版社, 2015.
[2]谢林俊. 我国农业面源污染防治法律实效研究[D].昆明:昆明理工大学,2017.
[3]钱晓雍,郭小品,林立,沈根祥.国内外农业源NH3排放影响PM(2.5)形成的研究方法探讨[J].农业环境科学学报,2013,32(10):1908-1914.
[4]周欣,张维,檀翠玲,唐丽丽,高郁杰,孙静.农业源污染防控的管理机制创新[J].环境科学导刊,2017,36(02):19-22.
[5]李君,庄国泰.中国农业源主要污染物产生量与经济发展水平的环境库兹涅茨曲线特征分析[J].生态与农村环境学报,2011,27(06):19-25.
[6]赵天良,柳笛,李恬,黄建平,徐祥德,周晨虹,汤莉莉,刘寿东.农业活动大气污染物排放及其大气环境效应研究进展[J].科学技术与工程,2016,16(28):144-152.
[7]黄成,陈长虹,李莉,程真,王红丽,王杨君,黄海英,张钢锋,陈宜然.长江三角洲地区人为源大气污染物排放特征研究[J].环境科学学报,2011,31(09):1858-1871.
[8]Zhang Y, Dore A J, Ma L, et al. Agricultural ammonia emissions inventory and spatial distribution in the North China Plain.[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2010, 158(2):490.
[9]唐双娥.美国关于温室气体为“空气污染物”的争论及对我国的启示[J].中国环境管理干部学院学报,2011,21(04):1-4+21.
[10]Erisman J W, Bleeker A, Hensen A, et al. Agricultural air quality in Europe and the future perspectives[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2008, 42(14):3209-3217.
[11]国家发展和改革委员会应对气候变化司. 中华人民共和国气候变化第二次国家信息通报:北京·2013[M].北京:中国经济出版社, 2013.
[12]郑君瑜. 区域高分辨率大气排放源清单建立的技术方法与应用[M].北京:科学出版社, 2014.
[13]国家环境保护总局空气和废气监测分析方法编委会. 空气和废气监测分析方法-第4版[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社, 2003.
[14]魏复盛. 空气和废气监测分析方法指南[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社, 2006.
[15]周泽义,周鑫,王德发.多路气体自动进样器的研制[J].分析测试学报,2010,29(05):530-532.
[16]李娜,陈建中,李宇飞.湿地温室气体气相色谱分析及采样-进样技术研究进展[J].分析测试技术与仪器,2010,16(04):213-217.
[17]代小蓉,Ji-Qin Ni,潘乔纳,汪开英,Albert JHeber.华东地区典型保育猪舍温湿度和空气质量监测[J].农业机械学报,2016,47(07):315-322.
[18]Tremblay F J B, Masse D I. Instrumentation for precise quantification of methane emissions form dairy herds[J]. Canadian Biosystems Engineering, 2008, 50(7): 21-28.
[19]Ngwabie N M, Jeppsson K H, Nimmermark S, et al. Multi-location measurements of greenhouse gases and emission rates of methane and ammonia from a naturally-ventilated barn for dairy cows[J]. Biosystems Engineering ,2009,103:68-77.
[20]Jacobson L, Hetchler B, Schmidt D, et al. Quality Assured Measurements of Animal Building Emissions: Odor Concentrations[J]. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, 2008, 58(6):806-11.
[21]徐成海. 真空设备选型与采购指南[M]. 北京:化学工业出版社, 2013.
[22]周曲珠, 张立新. 图解液压气动技术与实训[M]. 北京:中国电力出版社, 2015.
[23]杜雷. 浅析仪表防腐蚀措施[J]. 城市建设理论研究:电子版, 2012(34).
[24]齐立锋, 刘智敏, 陈冠中,等. MEMS流量传感器[J]. 中国电子商务, 2012(14):110-111.
[25]何宾, 姚永平. STC单片机原理及应用[M]. 北京:清华大学出版社, 2015.
[26]张新, 陈跃琴. 51单片机应用开发25例[M]. 北京:电子工业出版社, 2013.
[27]张志良. 80C51单片机实验实训100例[M]. 北京:北京航空航天大学出版社, 2015.