延安以南地区奥陶系碳酸盐岩储层中流体包裹体及烃类物质的油气指示意义
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摘要
为明确鄂尔多斯东南部延安以南地区奥陶系储层中流体包裹体及烃类物质的油气指示意义,对其流体包裹体的岩相学、均一温度和盐度及组分特征进行综合分析,并结合研究区埋藏-热演化史,探讨储层烃类充注史。根据流体包裹体室温下的相态特征、组分和烃类分布产状,可将研究区碳酸盐岩储层流体包裹体分为盐水包裹体、气态烃包裹体、液态烃包裹体、沥青包裹体及含烃气-液两相盐水包裹体5类,局部还存在残余游离液态烃和运移沥青等未形成流体包裹体的烃类物质。研究表明,研究区流体包裹体及烃类物质主要分布在充填于储层孔隙、溶洞、裂缝中的方解石、石英等自生矿物内,均一温度随盐度升高逐渐递增,所捕获的流体包裹体主要为烃源岩在高成熟阶段的产物。奥陶系碳酸盐岩储层曾在中侏罗世末期和早白垩世末期发生过2期油气充注,且以早白垩世末期为主。
To clarify the indicative significance of fluid inclusions and hydrocarbons in Ordovician carbonate reservoirs in the South of Yan'an,southeast of Ordos,a comprehensive analysis of the petrology,homogenization temperature,salinity and compositional characteristics of fluid inclusions was carried out. Combined with the burial history and thermal evolution of the study area,the hydrocarbon charging history of the reservoir was discussed. According to the phase characteristics,components and hydrocarbon occurrence distribution of fluid inclusions at room temperature,the fluid inclusions of carbonate reservoirs in the study area can be divided into five categories:aqueous inclusions,gaseous hydrocarbon inclusions,liquid hydrocarbon inclusions,bituminous inclusions,hydrocarbon-bearing aqueous two-phrase fluid inclusions,and there are still local residual free liquid hydrocarbons and migrabitumen which do not form fluid inclusions. The results show that the fluid inclusions and hydrocarbons in the study area are mainly distributed in authigenic minerals such as cal-cite and quartz that fill the pores,the cavities and the fractures of the reservoir. The homogenization temperature gradually increases with the increasing salinity,and the captured fluid inclusions are mainly the products of the source rocks in the high maturity stage. The Ordovician carbonate reservoirs were charged in two stages,the end of the middle Jurassic and the late of the early Cretaceous,and the latter is the main stage.
To clarify the indicative significance of fluid inclusions and hydrocarbons in Ordovician carbonate reservoirs in the South of Yan'an,southeast of Ordos,a comprehensive analysis of the petrology,homogenization temperature,salinity and compositional characteristics of fluid inclusions was carried out. Combined with the burial history and thermal evolution of the study area,the hydrocarbon charging history of the reservoir was discussed. According to the phase characteristics,components and hydrocarbon occurrence distribution of fluid inclusions at room temperature,the fluid inclusions of carbonate reservoirs in the study area can be divided into five categories:aqueous inclusions,gaseous hydrocarbon inclusions,liquid hydrocarbon inclusions,bituminous inclusions,hydrocarbon-bearing aqueous two-phrase fluid inclusions,and there are still local residual free liquid hydrocarbons and migrabitumen which do not form fluid inclusions. The results show that the fluid inclusions and hydrocarbons in the study area are mainly distributed in authigenic minerals such as cal-cite and quartz that fill the pores,the cavities and the fractures of the reservoir. The homogenization temperature gradually increases with the increasing salinity,and the captured fluid inclusions are mainly the products of the source rocks in the high maturity stage. The Ordovician carbonate reservoirs were charged in two stages,the end of the middle Jurassic and the late of the early Cretaceous,and the latter is the main stage.
引文
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[29]刘勇,徐国盛,曾兵,等.东海盆地西湖凹陷花港组储层孔隙演化与油气充注关系[J].石油实验地质,2018,40(2):168-176.LIU Yong,XU Guosheng,ZENG Bing,et al.Relationship between porosity evolution and hydrocarbon charging in tight sandstone reservoirs in Oligocence Huagang Formation,Xihu Sag,East China Sea Basin[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2018,40(2):168-176.
[30]赵力彬,黄志龙,高岗,等.关于用包裹体研究油气成藏期次问题的探讨[J].油气地质与采收率,2005,12(6):6-9,18.ZHAO Libin,HUANG Zhilong,GAO Gang,et al.Discussions on the application of inclusions to hydrocarbon reservoir forming stages[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2005,12(6):6-9,18.
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[2]施继锡,李本超,傅家谟,等.有机包裹体及其与油气的关系[J].中国科学:B辑,1987,17(3):318-326.SHI Jixi,LI Benchao,FU Jiamo,et al.Organic inclusions and their relationship with oil and gas[J].Science in China:Series B,1987,17(3):318-326.
[3]王一刚,刘志坚,文应初.川东石炭系储层有机包裹体、储层沥青与烃类运聚关系[J].沉积学报,1996,14(4):77-83.WANG Yigang,LIU Zhijian,WEN Yingchu.Organic inclusions and bitumen associated with hydrocarbon migration and accumulation in the reservoir bed,East Sichuan China[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,1996,14(4):77-83.
[4]傅家谟,刘德汉.碳酸盐岩有机质演化特征与油气评价[J].石油学报,1982,3(1):1-9.FU Jiamo,LIU Dehan.Some characteristics of the evolution of organic matter in carbonate formations[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1982,3(1):1-9.
[5]刘德汉,肖贤明,田辉,等.应用流体包裹体和沥青特征判别天然气的成因[J].石油勘探与开发,2009,36(3):375-382.LIU Dehan,XIAO Xianming,TIAN Hui,et al.Identification of natural gas origin using the characteristics of bitumen and fluid inclusions[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2009,36(3):375-382.
[6]杨俊杰,裴锡谷.中国天然气地质学(卷4):鄂尔多斯盆地[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1996:4-18.YANG Junjie,PEI Xigu.Natural gas geology in China(Vol.4):Ordos Basin[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1996:4-18.
[7]冯增昭,鲍志东.鄂尔多斯奥陶纪马家沟期岩相古地理[J].沉积学报,1999,17(1):1-8.FENG Zengzhao,BAO Zhidong.Lithofacies paleogeography of Majiagou Age of Ordovician in Ordos Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,1999,17(1):1-8.
[8]姚泾利,魏新善,张道锋,等.硬石膏结核白云岩沉积微相——以鄂尔多斯盆地东部马五13小层为例[J].石油勘探与开发,2010,37(6):690-695.YAO Jingli,WEI Xinshan,ZHANG Daofeng,et al.Sedimentary microfacies of anhydrite concretion dolomite rock:Take Majiagou Formation Ma513layer in the eastern Ordos Basin as an example[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2010,37(6):690-695.
[9]戚家振,过敏.鄂尔多斯盆地东北部奥陶系马家沟组成藏主控因素分析[J].特种油气藏,2017,24(4):54-59.QI Jiazhen,GUO Min.Analysis of major controlling factor for hydrocarbon accumulation in Ordovician Majiagou Formation in northeastern Ordos Basin[J].Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2017,24(4):54-59.
[10] MUNZ I A.Petroleum inclusions in sedimentary basins:systematics,analytical methods and applications[J].Lithos,2001,55(1):195-212.
[11] GOLDSTEIN R H.Petrographic analysis of fluid inclusions[C]//Samson I,Marshall D,Anderson A,eds.Fluid inclusions:analysis and interpretation.Mineralogical Association of Canada,Short Course Series,32:9-54.
[12]欧光习,李林强,孙玉梅.沉积盆地流体包裹体研究的理论与实践[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,2006,25(1):1-11.OU Guangxi,LI Linqiang,SUN Yumei.Theory and application of the fluid inclusion research on the sedimentary basins[J].Bulletin of Mineralogy,Petrology and Geochemistry,2006,25(1):1-11.
[13]卢焕章,范宏瑞,倪培,等.流体包裹体[M].北京:科学出版社,2004.LU Huanzhang,FAN Hongrui,NI Pei,et al.Fluid inclusions[M].Beijing:Science Press,2004.
[14] ZHANG N,TIAN Z J,LENG Y Y,et al.Raman characteristics of hydrocarbon and hydrocarbon inclusions[J].Science in China Series D:Earth Sciences,2007,50(8):1 171-1 178.
[15]王飞宇,金之钧,吕修祥,等.含油气盆地成藏期分析理论和新方法[J].地球科学进展,2002,17(5):754-762.WANG Feiyu,JIN Zhijun,LüXiuxiang,et al.Timing of petroleum accumulation:Theory and new methods[J].Advance in Earth Sciences,2002,17(5):754-762.
[16] VOLK H,MANN U,BURDE O,et al.Petroleum inclusions and residual oils:constraints for deciphering petroleum migration[J].Journal of Geochemical Exploration,2000,71(3):307-311.
[17] PREZBINDOWSKI D R,LARESE R E.Experimental stretching of fluid inclusions in calcite—Implications for diagenetic studies[J].Geology,1987,15(4):333-336.
[18] SHEPHERD T J,RANKIN A H,ALDERTON D H M.A praction guid to fluid inclusion study[M].New York:Chapman&Hall,1985.
[19]陈勇,周振柱,高永进,等.济阳拗陷东营凹陷盐岩中的烃类包裹体及其地质意义[J].地质论评,2014,60(2):464-472.CHEN Yong,ZHOU Zhenzhu,GAO Yongjin,et al.Hydrocarbon inclusions in salt rock of Dongying sag,Jiyang depression,and their geological implications[J].Geological Review,2014,60(2):464-472.
[20] BODNAR R J.Revised equation and table for determining the freezing point depression of H2O-NaCl solution[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1993,57(3):683-684.
[21]马红强,陈强路,陈红汉,等.盐水包裹体在成岩作用研究中的应用——以塔河油田下奥陶统碳酸盐岩为例[J].石油实验地质,2003,25(s1):601-606.MA Hongqiang,CHEN Qianglu,CHEN Honghan,et al.Application of salt-water inclusion in diagenesis research:A case study of Lower Ordovician carbonate rocks in Tahe Oilfield,Tarim Basin[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2003,25(s1):601-606.
[22] GOLDSTEIN R H.Fluid inclusions in sedimentary and diagenetic systems[J].Lithos,2001,55(1):159-193.
[23] PIRONON J,SAWATZKI J,DUBESSY J.Letter:NIR FT-Raman microspectroscopy of fluid inclusions:Comparisons with VIS Raman and FT-IR microspectroscopies[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1991,55(12):3 885-3 891.
[24] DUBESSY J,BUSCHAERT S,LAMB W,et al.Methane-bearing aqueous fluid inclusions:Raman analysis,thermodynamic modelling and application to petroleum basins[J].Chemical Geology,2001,173(1):193-205.
[25]徐培苍,李如璧,王永强,等.地学中的拉曼光谱[M].西安:陕西科学技术出版社,1996.XU Peicang,LI Rubi,WANG Yongqiang,et al.Raman spectroscopy in geoscience[M].Xi’an:Shaanxi Science and Technology Press,1996.
[26]李荣西,王志海,李月琴.应用显微激光拉曼光谱分析单个流体包裹体同位素[J].地学前缘,2012,19(4):135-140.LI Rongxi,WANG Zhihai,LI Yueqin.Analysis of isotope of individual fluid inclusion by means of laser Raman spectroscopy[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2012,19(4):135-140.
[27]潘雪峰.储层流体包裹体技术研究与应用[D].成都:西南石油大学,2013.PAN Xuefeng.Research and application on reservoir fluid inclusion technology[D].Chengdu:Southwest Petroleum University,2013.
[28]赵鸿皓,蒋有录,张惠,等.长岭断陷龙凤山次凹下白垩统油气成藏期[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2017,36(6):58-63.ZHAO Honghao,JIANG Youlu,ZHANG Hui,et al.Accumulation stages of Lower Cretaceous hydrocarbon in Longfengshan Subsag of Changling Fault Depression[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2017,36(6):58-63.
[29]刘勇,徐国盛,曾兵,等.东海盆地西湖凹陷花港组储层孔隙演化与油气充注关系[J].石油实验地质,2018,40(2):168-176.LIU Yong,XU Guosheng,ZENG Bing,et al.Relationship between porosity evolution and hydrocarbon charging in tight sandstone reservoirs in Oligocence Huagang Formation,Xihu Sag,East China Sea Basin[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2018,40(2):168-176.
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