改性多孔钢渣/橡胶复合材料的制备及其性能
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摘要
用磷酸、硅烷KH550和钢渣制备改性多孔钢渣,以改性多孔钢渣取代部分炭黑.利用改性多孔钢渣、炭黑、橡胶、促进剂、硫磺、硬脂酸和氧化锌进行复合,制备一系列改性多孔钢渣/橡胶复合材料,研究了磷酸/钢渣质量比、硅烷KH550/多孔钢渣质量比、促进剂/硫磺质量比、硬脂酸/氧化锌质量比和改性多孔钢渣/炭黑质量比对改性多孔钢渣/橡胶复合材料力学性能的影响,并且分析其影响机理.结果表明,当磷酸用量为1. 2 g、钢渣用量为30 g、硅烷KH550用量为0. 3 g、炭黑用量为20 g、促进剂用量为0. 8 g、硫磺用量为1. 2 g、硬脂酸用量为0. 8 g、氧化锌用量为2. 2 g和橡胶用量为100 g时,改性多孔钢渣/橡胶复合材料的力学性能较好,即拉伸强度为18. 4 MPa、邵尔A硬度为68. 8、撕裂强度为44. 6 k N·m-1.磷酸与硅烷KH550可以改善钢渣的孔结构与表面结构;适量的促进剂/硫磺质量比与硬脂酸/氧化锌质量比可以消除硫磺形成的内硫环,促使橡胶交联键稳定.改性多孔钢渣与橡胶以物理方式进行复合形成良好的包裹结构.
High value-added utilization of solid wastes,such as the development of an inexpensive inorganic rubber filler,is one of the important approaches of sustainable development. Phosphoric acid,silane KH550,and steel slag were innovatively used to prepare modified porous steel slag,which partially replaced carbon black in this study. Modified porous steel slag was combined with carbon black,rubber,accelerator,sulfur,stearic acid,and zinc oxide to prepare a series of modified porous steel slag/rubber composite materials. This study investigated the mass ratios of phosphoric acid/steel slag,silane KH550/porous steel slag,accelerator/sulfur,and stearic acid/zinc oxide and the effect of the mass ratio of modified porous steel slag/carbon black on the mechanical properties of the prepared modified porous steel slag/rubber composite materials. At the same time,the influence mechanism was analyzed. The results indicate that the modified porous steel slag/rubber composites( the amounts of phosphoric acid,steel slag,silane KH550,carbon black,accelerator,sulfur,stearic acid,zinc oxide,and rubber are 1. 2,30,0. 3,20,0. 8,1. 2,0. 8,2. 2,and 100 g,respectively)have good mechanical properties,with the tensile strength of 18. 4 MPa,Shore A hardness of 68. 8,and tearing strength of 44. 6 k N·m-1.Phosphoric acid and silane KH550 can improve the pore and surface structures of steel slag. Appropriate ratios of accelerator/sulfur andstearic acid/zinc oxide can destroy the internal sulfur ring,which stabilizes the cross bond of rubber. Thus,a desirable package structure can be obtained by physically combining modified porous steel slag with rubber.
High value-added utilization of solid wastes,such as the development of an inexpensive inorganic rubber filler,is one of the important approaches of sustainable development. Phosphoric acid,silane KH550,and steel slag were innovatively used to prepare modified porous steel slag,which partially replaced carbon black in this study. Modified porous steel slag was combined with carbon black,rubber,accelerator,sulfur,stearic acid,and zinc oxide to prepare a series of modified porous steel slag/rubber composite materials. This study investigated the mass ratios of phosphoric acid/steel slag,silane KH550/porous steel slag,accelerator/sulfur,and stearic acid/zinc oxide and the effect of the mass ratio of modified porous steel slag/carbon black on the mechanical properties of the prepared modified porous steel slag/rubber composite materials. At the same time,the influence mechanism was analyzed. The results indicate that the modified porous steel slag/rubber composites( the amounts of phosphoric acid,steel slag,silane KH550,carbon black,accelerator,sulfur,stearic acid,zinc oxide,and rubber are 1. 2,30,0. 3,20,0. 8,1. 2,0. 8,2. 2,and 100 g,respectively)have good mechanical properties,with the tensile strength of 18. 4 MPa,Shore A hardness of 68. 8,and tearing strength of 44. 6 k N·m-1.Phosphoric acid and silane KH550 can improve the pore and surface structures of steel slag. Appropriate ratios of accelerator/sulfur andstearic acid/zinc oxide can destroy the internal sulfur ring,which stabilizes the cross bond of rubber. Thus,a desirable package structure can be obtained by physically combining modified porous steel slag with rubber.
引文
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[13] Li C X,Liu J,Ren R C. Study on fly ash modification and reinforce-reagent mechanism of rubber. Non-Metallic Mines,2012,35(5):48(李彩霞,刘健,任瑞晨.粉煤灰改性及作橡胶补强填料机理研究.非金属矿,2012,35(5):48)
[14] Yang Z,Zhang X. Application of a preliminary study on fly ash in natural rubber. Technol Market,2011,18(7):27(杨昭,张馨.粉煤灰在天然橡胶中的应用初探.技术与市场,2011,18(7):27)
[15] Tang Z F,Zhou X L,Lin H T,et al. Study on mechanical properties of cenosphere/caoutchouc composite materials. Non-Metallic Mines,2008,31(2):6(唐忠锋,周小柳,林海涛,等.漂珠/天然橡胶复合材料的力学性能研究.非金属矿,2008,31(2):6)
[2] Zhang Y J,Kang L,Liu L C. et al. Synthesis of a novel alkali-activated magnesium slag-based nanostructural composite and its photocatalytic performance. Appl Surf Sci,2015,331:399
[3] Xiang L,Xiang Y,Wang Z G,et al. Influence of chemical additives on the formation of super-fine calcium carbonate. Powder Technol,2002,126(2):129
[4] Morel F,Bounor-LegaréV,Espuche E,et al. Surface modification of calcium carbonate nanofillers by fluoro-and alkyl-alkoxysilane:consequences on the morphology,thermal stability and gas barrier properties of polyvinylidene fluoride nanocomposites. Eur Polym J,2012,48(5):919
[5] Binici H,Temiz H,Kose M M. The effect of fineness on the properties of the blended cements incorporating ground granulated blast furnace slag and ground basaltic pumice. Constr Build Mater,2007,21(5):1122
[6] Makela M,Watkins G,Poykio R,et al. Utilization of steel,pulp and paper industry solid residues in forest soil amendment:relevant physicochemical properties and heavy metal availability. J Hazard Mater,2012,207-208:21
[7] Saria L,Shimaoka T,Miyawaki K. Leaching of heavy metals in acid mine drainage. Waste Manage Res,2006,24(2):134
[8] Navarro M C,Pérez-Sirvent C,Martínez-Sánchez M J,et al.Abandoned mine sites as a source of contamination by heavy metals:a case study in a semi-arid zone. J Geochem Explor,2008,96(2-3):183
[9] Zhuang P,Mc Bride M B,Xia H P,et al. Health risk from heavy metals via consumption of food crops in the vicinity of Dabaoshan mine,South China. Sci Total Environ,2009,407(5):1551
[10] Yang J T,Fan H,Bu Z Y,et al. Montmorillonite reinforced SBR and effect on the vulcanization of rubber. Acta Mater Compos Sin,2005,22(2):38(杨晋涛,范宏,卜志扬,等.蒙脱土填充补强丁苯橡胶及对橡胶硫化特性的影响.复合材料学报,2005,22(2):38)
[11] Raza M A,Westwood A,Brown A,et al. Characterisation of graphite nanoplatelets and the physical properties of graphite nanoplatelet/silicone composite for thermal interface applications.Carbon,2011,49(13):4269
[12] Chen L,Lu L,Wu D J,et al. Slicone rubber/graphite nanosheet electrically conducting nanocomposite with a low percolation threshold. Polym Compos,2007,28(4):493
[13] Li C X,Liu J,Ren R C. Study on fly ash modification and reinforce-reagent mechanism of rubber. Non-Metallic Mines,2012,35(5):48(李彩霞,刘健,任瑞晨.粉煤灰改性及作橡胶补强填料机理研究.非金属矿,2012,35(5):48)
[14] Yang Z,Zhang X. Application of a preliminary study on fly ash in natural rubber. Technol Market,2011,18(7):27(杨昭,张馨.粉煤灰在天然橡胶中的应用初探.技术与市场,2011,18(7):27)
[15] Tang Z F,Zhou X L,Lin H T,et al. Study on mechanical properties of cenosphere/caoutchouc composite materials. Non-Metallic Mines,2008,31(2):6(唐忠锋,周小柳,林海涛,等.漂珠/天然橡胶复合材料的力学性能研究.非金属矿,2008,31(2):6)
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