金沙秋季PM_(2.5)污染特征及影响因素分析
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摘要
文章对2013年9～11月金沙区域大气本底站的PM_(2.5)连续在线数据日变化和同期的气象资料的平均日变化进行了分析,并与过去的5年同期数据进行对比分析。结果表明:金沙区域秋季PM_(2.5)质量浓度有明显的日变化规律,受局地排放和气象条件的共同影响,颗粒物质量浓度在凌晨、夜间显著上升。降水对PM_(2.5)的清除量与初始质量浓度、降水量均呈正相关关系,金沙站的云下清除更多取决于PM_(2.5)的初始质量浓度;风向风速对细颗粒物影响明显,来自金沙站北部和东部的气流使大气颗粒物质量浓度升高,而来自西部和南部的风使大气颗粒物浓度降低,大于7 m/s的东风对PM_(2.5)有稀释作用,而北风对细颗粒物几乎无稀释作用。
Compared with the data of same period in the past 5 years,the daily changes of PM_(2.5) continuous collected by Atmospheric Background Station in Jinsha Region from September to November in 2013 and the average daily changes of meteorological data in the same period were analyzed in this paper.The results indicated the mass concentration of PM_(2.5) in Jinsha Region in autumn presented an obvious diurnal variation rule.Affected by local emission and meteorological conditions,the mass concentration of particulate matters increased significantly in the morning and at night.The elimination quantity of PM_(2.5) by precipitation presented a positive correlation with initial mass concentration and amount of precipitation.The elimination below clouds of Jinsha Station depended more on the initial mass concentration of PM_(2.5).Wind direction and wind speed had obvious effects on fine particles matters.The airstream from north and east of Jinsha Station made the mass concentration of atmospheric particulate matters rise,while the wind from west and south made the mass concentration of particulate matters decline.East wind with speed greater than 7 m/s could dilute PM_(2.5),while north wind could hardly have any dilution effect on the fine particulate matters.
Compared with the data of same period in the past 5 years,the daily changes of PM_(2.5) continuous collected by Atmospheric Background Station in Jinsha Region from September to November in 2013 and the average daily changes of meteorological data in the same period were analyzed in this paper.The results indicated the mass concentration of PM_(2.5) in Jinsha Region in autumn presented an obvious diurnal variation rule.Affected by local emission and meteorological conditions,the mass concentration of particulate matters increased significantly in the morning and at night.The elimination quantity of PM_(2.5) by precipitation presented a positive correlation with initial mass concentration and amount of precipitation.The elimination below clouds of Jinsha Station depended more on the initial mass concentration of PM_(2.5).Wind direction and wind speed had obvious effects on fine particles matters.The airstream from north and east of Jinsha Station made the mass concentration of atmospheric particulate matters rise,while the wind from west and south made the mass concentration of particulate matters decline.East wind with speed greater than 7 m/s could dilute PM_(2.5),while north wind could hardly have any dilution effect on the fine particulate matters.
引文
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[5]WANG H,ZHUANG Y,WANG Y,et al.Long-term monitoring and source apportionment of PM2.5/ PM10 in Beijing,China[J].Journal of Environmental Sciences,2008,20(11):1323-1327.
[6]周一敏,赵昕奕.北京地区PM2.5浓度与气象要素的相关分析[J].北京大学学报(自然科学版),2017,53 (1):111-124.
[7]王琮淙,邱国玉,黄晓峰,等.城市热岛效应与PM2.5的关系研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2018,32(5):191-195.
[8]孙超,郎建垒,孙晓伟.长江中下游地区PM2.5传输规律分析[J].环境保护科学,2018,44(4):27-34.
[9]李芳.西安市大气颗粒物PM2.5污染特征及其与降水关系研究[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学,2012.
[10]王莉莉,王跃思,王迎红.等.北京夏末秋初不同天气形势对大气污染物浓度的影响[J].中国环境科学,2010,30(7):924-930.
[11]蒲维维,赵秀娟,张小玲.北京地区夏末秋初气象要素对PM2.5污染的影响[J].应用气象学报,2011,22(6):716-723.
[12]董雪玲,刘大锰,袁杨森,等.北京市2005年夏季大气颗粒物污染特征及影响因素[J].环境工程学报,2007,1(9)100-103.
[13]孟燕军,程丛兰.影响北京大气污染物变化的地面天气形势分析[J].气象,2005,28(4):42-46.
[14]李桂红.金沙区域可吸入颗粒物浓度及其与气象因子的相关分[J].暴雨灾害,2008,27(4):355-358.
[15]宋明,韩素芹,张敏,等.天津大气能见度与相对湿度和PM10及PM2.5的关系[J].气象与环境学报,2013,29(2):34-41.
[16]张小玲,赵秀娟,蒲维维,等.北京城区和远郊区大气细颗粒PM2.5元素特征对比分析[J].中国粉体技术,2010,16(1):28-34.
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