单丝拉伸断裂法探究上浆剂改性炭纤维与聚碳酸酯的界面黏结性
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摘要
为了探究不同上浆剂对炭纤维/聚碳酸酯复合材料界面黏结性的影响,采用自制水性聚碳酸酯乳液、聚醋酸乙烯酯乳液、聚氨酯乳液与聚乙烯乳液等上浆剂对炭纤维进行表面改性。采用红外光谱(IR)和热重-质谱联用(TG-MS)仪分析上浆剂的化学结构;采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)与热重分析仪(TG)等研究上浆改性炭纤维的表面结构。为了量化地分析炭纤维与聚碳酸酯的界面剪切强度,采用单丝拉伸断裂法得到界面剪切强度。结果表明,水性聚氨酯乳液上浆改性后的炭纤维与聚碳酸酯的界面剪切强度最高(29.19 MPa),这是由于聚氨酯中含有较多的氨酯键,可与树脂形成较多的氢键。相对而言,水性自制乳液与聚醋酸乙烯酯乳液涂层后的炭纤维与聚碳酸酯之间只有物理吸附作用,因此界面黏结性略弱。
The effects of different sizing agents on the interfacial adhesion between carbon fibers and polycarbonate were investigated using a home-made polycarbonate emulsion,and polyvinyl acetate,polyurethane and polyethylene aqueous emulsions as the sizing agents.The chemical structures of the sizing agents were characterized by FT-IR and TG-MS,the surface characteristics of the modified carbon fibers by SEM,XPS and TGA,and the interfacial shear strength(IFSS) between the coated carbon fibers and the polycarbonate by a single-filament fragmentation test.Results showed that IFSS decreased in the follow ing order:polyurethane(29.19 MPa) > polyvinyl acetate(22.58 MPa) > self-made(20.36 MPa) > polyethylene(14.52 MPa).Hydrogen bonds contribute the most to the interfacial adhesion forces while polar interaction contributes less and dispersion forces the least.The highest IFSS using polyurethane is ascribed to the formation of hydrogen bonds at the interface.
The effects of different sizing agents on the interfacial adhesion between carbon fibers and polycarbonate were investigated using a home-made polycarbonate emulsion,and polyvinyl acetate,polyurethane and polyethylene aqueous emulsions as the sizing agents.The chemical structures of the sizing agents were characterized by FT-IR and TG-MS,the surface characteristics of the modified carbon fibers by SEM,XPS and TGA,and the interfacial shear strength(IFSS) between the coated carbon fibers and the polycarbonate by a single-filament fragmentation test.Results showed that IFSS decreased in the follow ing order:polyurethane(29.19 MPa) > polyvinyl acetate(22.58 MPa) > self-made(20.36 MPa) > polyethylene(14.52 MPa).Hydrogen bonds contribute the most to the interfacial adhesion forces while polar interaction contributes less and dispersion forces the least.The highest IFSS using polyurethane is ascribed to the formation of hydrogen bonds at the interface.
引文
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[6]Jiang D W,Xing L X,Liu L,et al.Interfacially reinforced unsaturated polyester composites by chemically grafting different functional POSS onto carbon fibers[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry A,2014,2(43):18293-18303.
[7]Allongue M D P,Desbat B,Fagebaume O.Covalent modification of carbon surfaces by aryl radicals generated from the electrochemical reduction of diazonium salts[J].Journal of the American Chemical Society,1997,119:201-207.
[8]Zheng W H,Hu J T,Han Z S,et al.Synthesis of porous carbon fibers with strong anion exchange functional groups[J].Chemical Communication,2015,51(48):9853-9856.
[9]Dai Z S,Zhang B Y,Shi F H,et al.Effect of heat treatment on carbon fiber surface properties and fibers/epoxy interfacial adhesion[J].Applied Surface Science,2011,257:8457-8461.
[10]Curtis P T,Bailey J E.The stiffness and strength of a polyamide thermoplastic reinforced with glass and carbon fibres[J].Journal of Material Science,1978,13:377-390.
[11]Li J,Cai C L.The carbon fiber surface treatment and addition of PA6 on tensile properties of ABS composites[J].Current Applied Physics,2011,11(1):50-54.
[12]Bismarck A,Song B,Springer J,et al.Study on surface and mechanical fiber characteristics and their effect on the adhesion properties to a polycarbonate matrix tuned by anodic carbon fiber oxidation[J].Composites Part A,1999,30:1351-1366.
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[14]Pisanova E V,Zhandarov S F.Interfacial adhesion and failure modes in single filament thermoplastic composites[J].Polymers&Polymer Composites,1994,15:147-155.
[15]Zhang X Q,Fan X Y,Yan C,et al.Interfacial microstructure and properties of carbon fiber composites modified with graphene oxide[J].ACS Applied Materials&Interfaces,2012,4:1543-1552.
[16]Copponnex T J.Analysis and evaluation of the single-fiber fragmentation test[J].Composites Science Technology,1996,56:893-909.
[17]Khan R A,Parsons A J,Jones I A,et al.Interfacial properties of phosphate glass fiber/poly(caprolactone)system measured using the single fiber fragmentation test[J].Composites Interfaces,2011,18:77-90.
[18]Awal A,Cescutti G,Ghosh S B,et al.Interfacial studies of natural fibre/polypropylene composites using single fibre fragmentation test(SFFT)[J].Composites Part A,2011,42(1):50-56.
[19]武玉芬,张博明.炭纤维拉伸强度的离散性分析[J].玻璃钢/复合材料,2010,3:29-31.(The discrete analysison the tensile strength of carbon fiber[J].Fiber reinforced plastics/composites,2010,3:29-31.)
[20]Paiva M C,Bernardo C A,Nardin M.Mechanical,surface and interfacial characterisation of pitch and PAN-based carbon fibres[J].Carbon,2000,38:1323-1337.
[21]Tripathi D,Jones F R.Single fibre fragmentation test for assessing[J].Journal of Materials Science,1998,33:1-16.
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