作业条件危险性评价法在车辆检修作业风险评估中的应用
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摘要
针对车辆检修作业风险管理问题,论述利用已有故障信息和维修经验进行风险评价的过程。利用作业条件危险性评价法,对车辆检修作业风险进行分析和评价,对发生事故/事件的可能性、暴露于危险环境的频繁程度和事故/事件所产生的后果3个参数,分别制定等级划分和分值设置表,并在此基础上形成事故/事件的风险值评价表。以长春轻轨3号线某次列车分离事故为例进行风险识别和风险分析,并制定相关管控措施。作业条件危险性评价法可用于数据不充分条件下车辆检修作业初步风险分析,评价结果可作为开展故障诊断和调整维修规程的技术依据,但需要关注评估人员经验不足等因素可能带来的偏差。
Aiming at the risk management issues on rolling stock maintenance,the process of risk evaluation by the fault data and maintenance experiences are discussed. The risk of maintenance operation is analyzed and evaluated by LEC(likelihood,exposure, consequence) method from aspects of likelihood of accident,exposure of staff in dangerous environ-ment and the consequences,the grade classification and the score setting table are formulated respectively. The risk identi-fication and risk analysis based on a vehicle accident on Changchun LRT Line 3 are analyzed,and corresponding con-trol measurements are produced. The results show that LEC method is suitable for the preliminary risk analysis of rolling stock maintenance under the condition of insufficient data,and the evaluation results can be used to make decisions for accurate fault diagnosis and adjustment of maintenance pro-cedures. Meanwhile,issues on probable errors caused by the inexperienced assessors require special attentions.
Aiming at the risk management issues on rolling stock maintenance,the process of risk evaluation by the fault data and maintenance experiences are discussed. The risk of maintenance operation is analyzed and evaluated by LEC(likelihood,exposure, consequence) method from aspects of likelihood of accident,exposure of staff in dangerous environ-ment and the consequences,the grade classification and the score setting table are formulated respectively. The risk identi-fication and risk analysis based on a vehicle accident on Changchun LRT Line 3 are analyzed,and corresponding con-trol measurements are produced. The results show that LEC method is suitable for the preliminary risk analysis of rolling stock maintenance under the condition of insufficient data,and the evaluation results can be used to make decisions for accurate fault diagnosis and adjustment of maintenance pro-cedures. Meanwhile,issues on probable errors caused by the inexperienced assessors require special attentions.
引文
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[2]孙洪亮,周博.城市轨道交通车辆维修制度探讨[J].城市轨道交通研究,2017(2):105.
[3]黄立新,黄正.基于“风险累积”效应的城市轨道交通车辆维修风险分析[J].城市轨道交通研究,2012(8):117.
[4]张郁.城市轨道交通网络化运营时期关键行车设备管理若干问题研究[J].城市轨道交通研究,2017(10):116.
[5] GRAHAM K J, Kinney G F. A practical safety analysis system for hazards control[J]. Journal of Safety Research,1980(12):13.
[6]王卸云.浅谈LEC法在非煤矿山安全评价中的应用[J].金属矿山,2008(1):110.
[7]王昊.建筑施工中模板工程事故分析及安全评价研究[D].天津:河北工业大学,2015.
[8]马洪刚,张来斌,樊建春.作业条件危险性评价法在深水钻完井作业评价中的应用研究[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2011(9):89.
[9]李常茂.作业条件危险性评价法在盾构施工安全评价中的应用[J].黑龙江科技信息,2014(18):198.
[10]胡月亭.事故防控策略与技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2017.