约束混凝土拱架力学性能分析及支护体系现场试验（英文）
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摘要
针对典型软岩地下工程控制难题,本文提出了约束混凝土高强支护技术。利用自主研发的全比尺力学试验系统,对于约束混凝土拱架的破坏机制及力学性能进行了研究。同时,建立了圆形断面巷道任意节数、非等刚度拱架力学计算模型,推导了拱架内力计算公式,分析了不同因素对拱架内力的影响规律,结合压弯强度判别准则,得到了约束混凝土拱架承载能力计算公式。结合理论分析、数值计算和室内试验对约束混凝土拱架的极限承载力及内力分布进行了对比分析,研究结果表明:1)约束混凝土拱架比传统U型钢拱架强度提高2.31倍,且具有更好的稳定性;2)拱架关键破坏部位为两侧帮部;3)理论分析、数值计算以及室内试验在拱架的内力分布、承载能力和变形破坏形态等方面具有较好的一致性,验证了理论计算的正确性。在上述研究的基础上,开展了梁家煤矿约束混凝土支护现场试验,与传统U型钢拱架支护相比,该类支护有效控制了围岩变形。研究成果可为地下工程约束混凝土高强支护设计提供依据。
Soft rock control is a big challenge in underground engineering. As for this problem, a high-strength support technique of confined concrete(CC) arches is proposed and studied in this paper. Based on full-scale mechanical test system of arch, research is made on the failure mechanism and mechanical properties of CC arch. Then, a mechanical calculation model of circular section is established for the arches with arbitrary section and unequal rigidity; a calculation formula is deduced for the internal force of the arch; an analysis is made on the influence of different factors on the internal force of the arch; and a calculation formula is got for the bearing capacity of CC arch through the strength criterion of bearing capacity. With numerical calculation and laboratory experiment, the ultimate bearing capacity and internal force distribution is analyzed for CC arches. The research results show that: 1) CC arch is 2.31 times higher in strength than the U-shaped steel arch and has better stability; 2) The key damage position of the arch is the two sides; 3) Theoretical analysis, numerical calculation and laboratory experiment have good consistency in the internal force distribution, bearing capacity, and deformation and failure modes of the arch. All of that verifies the correctness of the theoretical calculation. Based on the above results, a field experiment is carried out in Liangjia Mine.Compared with the U-shaped steel arch support, CC arch support is more effective in surrounding rock deformation control. The research results can provide a basis for the design of CC arch support in underground engineering.
Soft rock control is a big challenge in underground engineering. As for this problem, a high-strength support technique of confined concrete(CC) arches is proposed and studied in this paper. Based on full-scale mechanical test system of arch, research is made on the failure mechanism and mechanical properties of CC arch. Then, a mechanical calculation model of circular section is established for the arches with arbitrary section and unequal rigidity; a calculation formula is deduced for the internal force of the arch; an analysis is made on the influence of different factors on the internal force of the arch; and a calculation formula is got for the bearing capacity of CC arch through the strength criterion of bearing capacity. With numerical calculation and laboratory experiment, the ultimate bearing capacity and internal force distribution is analyzed for CC arches. The research results show that: 1) CC arch is 2.31 times higher in strength than the U-shaped steel arch and has better stability; 2) The key damage position of the arch is the two sides; 3) Theoretical analysis, numerical calculation and laboratory experiment have good consistency in the internal force distribution, bearing capacity, and deformation and failure modes of the arch. All of that verifies the correctness of the theoretical calculation. Based on the above results, a field experiment is carried out in Liangjia Mine.Compared with the U-shaped steel arch support, CC arch support is more effective in surrounding rock deformation control. The research results can provide a basis for the design of CC arch support in underground engineering.
引文
[1] YU Wei-jian, WANG Wei-jun, CHEN Xin-yuan, DU Shao-hua. Field investigations of high stress soft surrounding rocks and deformation control[J]. Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, 2015,7(4):421-433. DOI:10.1016/j.jrmge.2015.03.014.
[2] LIN Peng, LIU Hong-yuan, ZHOU Wei-yuan. Experimental study on failure behavior of deep tunnels under high in-situ stresses[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2015, 46:28-45. DOI:10.1016/j.tust.2014.10.009.
[3] WU Ai-xiang, HU Kai-jian, HUANG Ming-qing, WANG Yi-ming, WANG Jing-jun. Deformation mechanism and repair support of haulage roadway with weak-fractured surrounding rock[J]. Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology, 2017, 48(8):2162-2168.(in Chinese)
[4] WANG Hui, ZHENG Peng-qiang, ZHAO Wen-juan, TIAN Hong-ming. Application of a combined supporting technology with U-shaped steel support and anchor-grouting to surrounding soft rock reinforcement in roadway[J].Journal of Central South University, 2018, 25(5):1240-1250.DOI:10.1007/s11771-018-3821-9.
[5] MA Zhen-qian, JIANG Yao-dong, DU Wei-sheng, ZUO Yu-jun, KONG De-zhong. Fracture evolution law and control technology of roadways with extra thick soft roof[J].Engineering Failure Analysis, 2018, 84:331-345. DOI:10.1016/j.engfailanal.2017.08.020.
[6] CHEN Shun-man, WU Ai-xiang, WANG Yi-ming, CHEN Xu, YAN Rong-fu, MA Hao-ji. Study on repair control technology of soft surrounding rock roadway and its application[J]. Engineering Failure Analysis, 2018, 92:443-455. DOI:10.1016/j.engfailanal.2018.06.006.
[7] DU Chun-huang, CAO Ping, CHEN Yu, LIU Jie, ZHAO Yan-lin, LIU Jing-shuo. Study on the Stability and Deformation of the Roadway Subjected to High In-Situ Stresses[J]. Geotechnical and Geological Engineering, 2017,35(4):1615-1628. DOI:10.1007/s10706-017-0197-9.
[8] KANG H P, LIN J, FAN M J. Investigation on support pattern of a coal mine roadway within soft rocks—A case study[J]. International Journal of Coal Geology, 2015, 140:31-40. DOI:10.1016/j.coal.2015.01.003.
[9] ZHAN Ping, MA Nian-jie, JIANG Wei, REN Jian-ju.Combined support technology of large section roadway in high-stress fractured surrounding rock[J]. Procedia Engineering, 2011, 26:1270-1278. DOI:10.1016/j.proeng.2011.11.2301.
[10] KANG Yong-shui, LIU Quan-sheng, GONG Guang-qing,WANG Huai-chao. Application of a combined support system to the weak floor reinforcement in deep underground coal mine[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 2014, 71:143-150. DOI:10.1016/j.ijrmms.2014.03.017.
[11] LU Yi-yan, LI Na, LI Shan, LIANG Hong-jun. Experimental investigation of axially loaded steel fiber reinforced high strength concrete-filled steel tube columns[J]. Journal of Central South University, 2015, 22(6):2287-2296. DOI:10.1007/s11771-015-2753-x.
[12] MAHDI N,SAEED F, MORTEZA N,JAVAD J.Experimental study on modulus of elasticity of steel tube-confined concrete stub columns with active and passive confinement[J]. Engineering Structures, 2017, 130:142-153.DOI:10.1016/j.engstruct.2016.10.008.
[13] ELLOBODY E, YOUNG B, LAM D. Behaviour of normal and high strength concrete-filled compact steel tube circular stub columns[J]. Journal of Constructional Steel Research,2006, 62(7):706-715. DOI:10.1016/j.jcsr.2005.11.002.
[14] HAN Lin-hai, AN Yu-feng. Performance of concrete-encased CFST stub columns under axial compression[J]. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 2014, 93:62-76. DOI:10.1016/j.jcsr.2013.10.019.
[15] LI Yan, CAI C S, LIU Yang, CHEN Yan-jiang, LIU Jia-feng.Dynamic analysis of a large span specially shaped hybrid girder bridge with concrete-filled steel tube arches[J].Engineering Structures, 2016, 106:243-260. DOI:10.1016/j.engstruct.2015.10.026.
[16] WANG Zhi-bin, TAO Zhong, HAN Lin-hai, UY B, LAM D,KANG W H. Strength, stiffness and ductility of concretefilled steel columns underaxial compression[J]. Engineering Structures, 2017, 135,:209-221. DOI:10.1016/j.engstruct.2016.12.049.
[17] KWON Y B, PARK S W. Resistance of circular concretefilled tubular sections to combined axial compression and bending[J]. Thin-Walled Structures, 2017, 111:93-102.DOI:10.1016/j.tws.2016.11.014.
[18] PORTOLES J M, ROMERO M L, BONET J L, FILIPPOU F C.Experimental study of high strength concrete-filled circular tubular columns under eccentric loading[J]. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 2011, 67(4):623-633. DOI:10.1016/j.jcsr.2010.11.017.
[19] QIN Peng, TAN Yang, XIAO Yan. Low cyclic fatigue performance of concrete-filled steel tube columns[J].Journal of Central South University, 2015, 22:4035-4042.DOI:10.1007/s11771-015-2947-2.
[20] AL-RIFAIE A, JONES S W, WANG Q Y, GUAN Z W.Experimental and numerical study on lateral impact responseof concrete filled steel tube columns with end plate connections[J]. International Journal of Impact Engineering,2018,121:20-34. DOI:10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2018.07.003.
[21] WANG Q, JIANG B, LI S C, WANG D C, WANG F Q, LI W T, REN Y X, GUO N B, SHAO X. Experimental studies on the mechanical properties and deformation&failure mechanism of U-type confined concrete arch centering[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2016, 51:20-29. DOI:10.1016/j.tust.2015.10.010.
[22] WANG Qi, JIANG Bei, PAN Rui, LI Shu-cai, HE Man-chao,SUN Hui-bin, QIN Qian, YU Heng-chang, LUAN Yin-cheng.Failure mechanism of surrounding rock with high stress and confined concrete support system[J]. International Journal ofRock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 2018, 12:89-100.DOI:10.1016/j.ijrmms.2018.01.020.
[23] WANG Qi, SHAO Xing, LI Shu-cai, WANG De-chao, LI Wei-teng, WANG Fu-qi, LIU Wen-jiang, ZHANG Shi-guo.Mechanical properties and failure mechanism of square type confined concrete arch centering[J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2015, 40(4):922-930. DOI:10.13225/j.cnki.jccs.2014.0863.(in Chinese)
[24] JIANG Bei. Control mechanism and application of confined concrete for super large section tunnel on weak surrounding rock[D]. Ji'nan:Shandong University, 2016.(in Chinese)
[2] LIN Peng, LIU Hong-yuan, ZHOU Wei-yuan. Experimental study on failure behavior of deep tunnels under high in-situ stresses[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2015, 46:28-45. DOI:10.1016/j.tust.2014.10.009.
[3] WU Ai-xiang, HU Kai-jian, HUANG Ming-qing, WANG Yi-ming, WANG Jing-jun. Deformation mechanism and repair support of haulage roadway with weak-fractured surrounding rock[J]. Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology, 2017, 48(8):2162-2168.(in Chinese)
[4] WANG Hui, ZHENG Peng-qiang, ZHAO Wen-juan, TIAN Hong-ming. Application of a combined supporting technology with U-shaped steel support and anchor-grouting to surrounding soft rock reinforcement in roadway[J].Journal of Central South University, 2018, 25(5):1240-1250.DOI:10.1007/s11771-018-3821-9.
[5] MA Zhen-qian, JIANG Yao-dong, DU Wei-sheng, ZUO Yu-jun, KONG De-zhong. Fracture evolution law and control technology of roadways with extra thick soft roof[J].Engineering Failure Analysis, 2018, 84:331-345. DOI:10.1016/j.engfailanal.2017.08.020.
[6] CHEN Shun-man, WU Ai-xiang, WANG Yi-ming, CHEN Xu, YAN Rong-fu, MA Hao-ji. Study on repair control technology of soft surrounding rock roadway and its application[J]. Engineering Failure Analysis, 2018, 92:443-455. DOI:10.1016/j.engfailanal.2018.06.006.
[7] DU Chun-huang, CAO Ping, CHEN Yu, LIU Jie, ZHAO Yan-lin, LIU Jing-shuo. Study on the Stability and Deformation of the Roadway Subjected to High In-Situ Stresses[J]. Geotechnical and Geological Engineering, 2017,35(4):1615-1628. DOI:10.1007/s10706-017-0197-9.
[8] KANG H P, LIN J, FAN M J. Investigation on support pattern of a coal mine roadway within soft rocks—A case study[J]. International Journal of Coal Geology, 2015, 140:31-40. DOI:10.1016/j.coal.2015.01.003.
[9] ZHAN Ping, MA Nian-jie, JIANG Wei, REN Jian-ju.Combined support technology of large section roadway in high-stress fractured surrounding rock[J]. Procedia Engineering, 2011, 26:1270-1278. DOI:10.1016/j.proeng.2011.11.2301.
[10] KANG Yong-shui, LIU Quan-sheng, GONG Guang-qing,WANG Huai-chao. Application of a combined support system to the weak floor reinforcement in deep underground coal mine[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 2014, 71:143-150. DOI:10.1016/j.ijrmms.2014.03.017.
[11] LU Yi-yan, LI Na, LI Shan, LIANG Hong-jun. Experimental investigation of axially loaded steel fiber reinforced high strength concrete-filled steel tube columns[J]. Journal of Central South University, 2015, 22(6):2287-2296. DOI:10.1007/s11771-015-2753-x.
[12] MAHDI N,SAEED F, MORTEZA N,JAVAD J.Experimental study on modulus of elasticity of steel tube-confined concrete stub columns with active and passive confinement[J]. Engineering Structures, 2017, 130:142-153.DOI:10.1016/j.engstruct.2016.10.008.
[13] ELLOBODY E, YOUNG B, LAM D. Behaviour of normal and high strength concrete-filled compact steel tube circular stub columns[J]. Journal of Constructional Steel Research,2006, 62(7):706-715. DOI:10.1016/j.jcsr.2005.11.002.
[14] HAN Lin-hai, AN Yu-feng. Performance of concrete-encased CFST stub columns under axial compression[J]. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 2014, 93:62-76. DOI:10.1016/j.jcsr.2013.10.019.
[15] LI Yan, CAI C S, LIU Yang, CHEN Yan-jiang, LIU Jia-feng.Dynamic analysis of a large span specially shaped hybrid girder bridge with concrete-filled steel tube arches[J].Engineering Structures, 2016, 106:243-260. DOI:10.1016/j.engstruct.2015.10.026.
[16] WANG Zhi-bin, TAO Zhong, HAN Lin-hai, UY B, LAM D,KANG W H. Strength, stiffness and ductility of concretefilled steel columns underaxial compression[J]. Engineering Structures, 2017, 135,:209-221. DOI:10.1016/j.engstruct.2016.12.049.
[17] KWON Y B, PARK S W. Resistance of circular concretefilled tubular sections to combined axial compression and bending[J]. Thin-Walled Structures, 2017, 111:93-102.DOI:10.1016/j.tws.2016.11.014.
[18] PORTOLES J M, ROMERO M L, BONET J L, FILIPPOU F C.Experimental study of high strength concrete-filled circular tubular columns under eccentric loading[J]. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 2011, 67(4):623-633. DOI:10.1016/j.jcsr.2010.11.017.
[19] QIN Peng, TAN Yang, XIAO Yan. Low cyclic fatigue performance of concrete-filled steel tube columns[J].Journal of Central South University, 2015, 22:4035-4042.DOI:10.1007/s11771-015-2947-2.
[20] AL-RIFAIE A, JONES S W, WANG Q Y, GUAN Z W.Experimental and numerical study on lateral impact responseof concrete filled steel tube columns with end plate connections[J]. International Journal of Impact Engineering,2018,121:20-34. DOI:10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2018.07.003.
[21] WANG Q, JIANG B, LI S C, WANG D C, WANG F Q, LI W T, REN Y X, GUO N B, SHAO X. Experimental studies on the mechanical properties and deformation&failure mechanism of U-type confined concrete arch centering[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2016, 51:20-29. DOI:10.1016/j.tust.2015.10.010.
[22] WANG Qi, JIANG Bei, PAN Rui, LI Shu-cai, HE Man-chao,SUN Hui-bin, QIN Qian, YU Heng-chang, LUAN Yin-cheng.Failure mechanism of surrounding rock with high stress and confined concrete support system[J]. International Journal ofRock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 2018, 12:89-100.DOI:10.1016/j.ijrmms.2018.01.020.
[23] WANG Qi, SHAO Xing, LI Shu-cai, WANG De-chao, LI Wei-teng, WANG Fu-qi, LIU Wen-jiang, ZHANG Shi-guo.Mechanical properties and failure mechanism of square type confined concrete arch centering[J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2015, 40(4):922-930. DOI:10.13225/j.cnki.jccs.2014.0863.(in Chinese)
[24] JIANG Bei. Control mechanism and application of confined concrete for super large section tunnel on weak surrounding rock[D]. Ji'nan:Shandong University, 2016.(in Chinese)