基体硬度和热学性质对冷喷涂TC4钛合金涂层组织和力学性能的影响
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摘要
钛合金蜂窝壁板在服役中受损急需修复,现有的修复手段以熔化焊为主,易导致严重冶金缺陷,而冷喷涂的相对低温可使此问题得以避免。采用冷喷涂在AA2024铝合金和TC4钛合金基体上制备了TC4钛合金涂层,借助SEM、XRD、维氏硬度试验、三点弯曲试验研究了基体硬度和热特性对涂层微观组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,与AA2024基体相比,硬度较高、比热容和导热系数较低的TC4基体与TC4涂层间界面的起伏较小,颗粒表面温度较高,颗粒接触面形成宽度约为5μm的绝热剪切带,促进了冶金结合。因此,TC4基体表面冷喷涂涂层的孔隙率较低,沉积特性较好;涂层平均微观硬度较高,弯曲性能较好,断口平整,呈脆性断裂,未发生相变。本实验证实了通过喷涂修复钛合金构件的可行性。
Titanium honeycomb components which suffered damage during service are usually in urgent need of timely repair. The currently prevailing repair method is melt welding,which often causes serious metallurgical defects. The relatively low operating temperature of cold spray is considered to be able to prevent the oxidation of metal particles in comparison. In our work,TC4 titanium alloy coatings were deposited by cold spray on surfaces of AA2024 aluminum alloy and TC4 titanium alloy substrates,respectively. And subsequently SEM,XRD,Vickers hardness test and three point bending test were carried out for the resultant coatings,in order to evaluate the influence of substrates' hardness and thermal characteristics on coatings' microstructures and mechanical properties. Results showed that,compared with AA2024 substrate,TC4 substrate,which owns higher hardness,lower heat capacity and lower thermal conductivity,has a less fluctuating interface with the sprayed TC4 coating,a higher particle surface temperature,and promotes the metallurgical bonding owing to the formation of a ～ 5 μm layer of adiabatic shear band among particles' contact interfaces. This contributes to the lower porosity and more satisfactory deposition effect,and in consequence,higher micro-hardness,better bending property,smooth fractured surface characterized by brittle fracture with no phase change happened. Our research confirmed the feasibility of repairing titanium alloy components by applying cold spray technique.
Titanium honeycomb components which suffered damage during service are usually in urgent need of timely repair. The currently prevailing repair method is melt welding,which often causes serious metallurgical defects. The relatively low operating temperature of cold spray is considered to be able to prevent the oxidation of metal particles in comparison. In our work,TC4 titanium alloy coatings were deposited by cold spray on surfaces of AA2024 aluminum alloy and TC4 titanium alloy substrates,respectively. And subsequently SEM,XRD,Vickers hardness test and three point bending test were carried out for the resultant coatings,in order to evaluate the influence of substrates' hardness and thermal characteristics on coatings' microstructures and mechanical properties. Results showed that,compared with AA2024 substrate,TC4 substrate,which owns higher hardness,lower heat capacity and lower thermal conductivity,has a less fluctuating interface with the sprayed TC4 coating,a higher particle surface temperature,and promotes the metallurgical bonding owing to the formation of a ～ 5 μm layer of adiabatic shear band among particles' contact interfaces. This contributes to the lower porosity and more satisfactory deposition effect,and in consequence,higher micro-hardness,better bending property,smooth fractured surface characterized by brittle fracture with no phase change happened. Our research confirmed the feasibility of repairing titanium alloy components by applying cold spray technique.
引文
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2 Vo P,Irissou E,Legoux J G,et al. Journal of Thermal Spray Technology,2013,22(6),954.
3 Li W Y,Coddet C. Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2009(S3),260 (in Chinese).李文亚,Coddet C.稀有金属材料与工程,2009(S3),260.
4 Yang H B,Jiang S H,Zhao Z Y,et al. Aviation Manufacturing Technology,2013(16),126(in Chinese).杨海波,江少华,赵志远,等.航空制造技术,2013(16),126.
5 Xiong T Y. Mechanic Mechanical Worker(Hot Working),2003(9),10(in Chinese).熊天英.机械工人(热加工),2003(9),10.
6 Xiong T Y,Wu J,Jin H Z,et al. Corrosion Science and Protection Technology,2001(5),267(in Chinese).熊天英,吴杰,金花子,等.腐蚀科学与防护技术,2001(5),267.
7 Li C J,Li W Y. Surface and Coatings Technology,2003,167(2-3),278.
8 Xu Y X,Chirol M,Li C J,et al. Surface and Coatings Technology,2016,307,603.
9 Li W Y,Yang K,Zhang D D,et al. Materials&Design,2016,95,237.
10 Li W Y,Li C J. China Surface Engineering,2002(1),12(in Chinese).李文亚,李长久.中国表面工程,2002(1),12.
11 Arabgol Z,Villa M,Assadi H,et al. Acta Materialia,2017,127,287.
12 Li W Y,Zhang C J,Wang H T,et al. Applied Surface Science,2007,253(7),3557.
13 Khun N W,Tan A W Y,Bi K J W,et al. Surface and Coatings Technology,2016,302,1.
14 Wu X K,Zhou X L,Wang J G,et al. Acta Metallurgica Sinica,2010(4),385(in Chinese).巫湘坤,周香林,王建国,等.金属学报,2010(4),385.
15 Sun W,Tan A W Y,Khun N W,et al. Surface and Coatings Technology,2017,320,452.
16 Wang F. Materials Review B:Research Papers,2017,31(7),138(in Chinese).王锋.材料导报:研究篇,2017,31(7),138.
17 Zhang N,Chen S Y,Yu X,et al. Journal of Materials and Metallurgy,2016(4),277(in Chinese).张宁,陈岁元,于笑,等.材料与冶金学报,2016(4),277.
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19 Zhao S Y,Chen G,Tan P,et al. Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2016(5),980(in Chinese).赵少阳,陈刚,谈萍,等.中国有色金属学报,2016(5),980.
20 Guo H H,Zhou X L,Cui H,et al. Materials Review,2008(12),56(in Chinese).郭辉华,周香林,崔华,等.材料导报,2008(12),56.
21 Yang Y,Hao Y,Kong L Y,et al. Thermal Spraying Technology,2015(4),1(in Chinese).杨阳,郝仪,孔令艳,等.热喷涂技术,2015(4),1.
22 Wang Q,Wang H R,Du M. Corrosion and Protection,2006,27(11),544 (in Chinese).王祺,王洪仁,杜敏.腐蚀与防护,2006,27(11),544.
23 Manap A,Nooririnah O,Misran H,et al. Surface Engineering,2014,30(51),335.