急倾斜走向分段充填柱体失稳机理及合理尺寸
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摘要
为研究急倾斜综采走向分段充填柱体的失稳机理及合理尺寸,以湘永煤矿2463工作面为背景,对急倾斜走向分段充填存在采空区悬顶距离小于和大于顶板极限跨距的2种情形,建立2种边界条件下的超静定梁模型,分别推导顶板岩梁的最大弯矩公式,分析充填体支撑反力、跨距、宽度和工作面支架支撑力对最大弯矩的影响关系。结果表明:1)充填柱体支撑反力和顶板最大弯矩随着充填柱体的跨距增大而增大,而工作面的支架支撑力对顶板最大弯矩和充填体支撑反力影响较小;2)充填柱体支撑反力增大能减小顶板的最大弯矩值;3)充填柱体在单轴压缩条件下,出现二次峰值后,形成"X"形态的剪切破坏;充填体试件中部未破坏区域随着胶结材料所占比重增加而增大;4)通过力学模型计算和数值模拟,确定2463工作面走向分段充填柱体的跨距为26 m、宽度为12 m和弹性模量不小于0.5 GPa。
To study the mechanical mechanism and reasonable size of sublevel filling pillar body, the 2463 workface in Xiangyong coal mine is as the research background and two mechanical models of strike strata beam has been established for two situations, which are less than and greater than roof limit across from hanging top distance of sublevel filling along the strike direction, respectively. The formula of roof rock beam of maximum bent moment are derived. Using such formula, effects of maximum bent moment from filling body support anti-force, and the span between two filling body, and width and support force of bracket are analyzed. The results show that: 1) The support reaction force and the maximum bending moment increases with the increase span of filling pillar, whereas the maximum bent moment and support force of filling column has little influence on the support force of bracket; 2) The maximum bent moment reduces with the increase of the support reaction force of filling pillar; 3) The strength peak of filling column appears twice at the uniaxial compression condition. The "X" shape of shear failure appears. The area of the middle part of the backfill specimen is increased with the proportion of cemented material; 4) Through mechanical model calculations and numerical simulations, sublevel filling parameters along the strike direction of Xiangyong coal mine is determined:the span of filling pillar is 26 m, and its reasonable width is 12 m, elastic modulus of filling pillar is not less than 0.5 GPa.
To study the mechanical mechanism and reasonable size of sublevel filling pillar body, the 2463 workface in Xiangyong coal mine is as the research background and two mechanical models of strike strata beam has been established for two situations, which are less than and greater than roof limit across from hanging top distance of sublevel filling along the strike direction, respectively. The formula of roof rock beam of maximum bent moment are derived. Using such formula, effects of maximum bent moment from filling body support anti-force, and the span between two filling body, and width and support force of bracket are analyzed. The results show that: 1) The support reaction force and the maximum bending moment increases with the increase span of filling pillar, whereas the maximum bent moment and support force of filling column has little influence on the support force of bracket; 2) The maximum bent moment reduces with the increase of the support reaction force of filling pillar; 3) The strength peak of filling column appears twice at the uniaxial compression condition. The "X" shape of shear failure appears. The area of the middle part of the backfill specimen is increased with the proportion of cemented material; 4) Through mechanical model calculations and numerical simulations, sublevel filling parameters along the strike direction of Xiangyong coal mine is determined:the span of filling pillar is 26 m, and its reasonable width is 12 m, elastic modulus of filling pillar is not less than 0.5 GPa.
引文
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[14]王红伟,伍永平,解盘石.大倾角煤层开采覆岩应力场形成及演化特征[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报(自然科学版),2013,32(8):1022-1026.WANG Hongwei,WU Yongping,XIE Panshi.Formation and evolution characteristics of rock stress field in steeply dipping seam mining[J].Journal of Liaoning Technical University(Natural Science),2013,32(8):1022-1026.
[15]王宁波,张农,崔峰,等.急倾斜特厚煤层综放工作面采场运移与巷道围岩破裂特征[J].煤炭学报,2013,38(8):1312-1318.WANG Ningbo,ZHANG Nong,CUI Feng,et al.Characteristics of stope migration and roadway surrounding rock fracture for fully-mechanized top-coal caving face in steeply dipping and extra-thick coal seam[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2013,38(8):1312-1318.
[16]李永明.水体下急倾斜煤层充填开采覆岩稳定性及合理防水煤柱研究[D].北京:中国矿业大学(北京),2012.
[17]于健浩.急倾斜煤层充填开采方法及其围岩移动机理研究[D].北京:中国矿业大学(北京),2013.
[18]董守义.建筑物下急倾斜煤层群矸石充填开采研究[D].北京:中国矿业大学(北京),2014.
[19]牛雷.矸石膏体充填开采充填体物理力学性质研究[D].邯郸:河北工程大学,2014.
[20]徐飞.“三下”矿体开采全尾砂胶结充填体强度研究[D].长沙:长沙矿山研究院,2014.
[2]伍永平.大倾角采场“顶板-支护-底板”系统动力学方程求解及其工作阻力的确定[J].煤炭学报,2006,31(6):736-741.WU Yongping.Keys to dynamic equations of system R-S-F and determination on working resistance of face support in steeply dipping seam mining[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2006,31(6):736-741.
[3]伍永平.“顶板-支护-底板”系统动态稳定性控制模式[J].煤炭学报,2007,32(4):341-346.WU Yongping.Controlling pattern for dynamic stability of system“roof-support-floor”[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2007,32(4):341-346.
[4]WANG Jin’an,JIAO Junling.Criteria of support stability in mining of steeply inclined thick coal seam[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2016,82(1):22-25.
[5]张基伟.王家山矿急倾斜煤层长壁开采覆岩破断机理及强矿压控制方法[D].北京:北京科技大学,2015.
[6]王金安,张基伟,高小明,等.大倾角厚煤层长壁综放开采基本顶破断模式及演化过程(Ⅰ):初次破断[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(6):1353-1360.WANG Jin’an,ZHANG Jiwei,GAO Xiaoming,et al.Fracture mode and evolution of main roof stratum above long wall fully mechanized top coal caving in steeply inclined thick coal seam(I):initial fracture[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2015,40(6):1353-1360.
[7]王金安,张基伟,高小明,等.大倾角厚煤层长壁综放开采基本顶破断模式及演化过程(Ⅱ):周期破断[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(8):1737-1745.WANG Jin’an,ZHANG Jiwei,GAO Xiaoming,et al.Fracture mode and evolution of main roof stratum above fully mechanized top coal caving longwall coalface in steeply inclined thick coal seam(II):periodic fracture[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2015,40(8):1737-1745.
[8]LI Xiaomeng,WANG Zhaohui,ZHANG Jinwang.Stability of roof structure and its control in steeply inclined coal seams[J].International Journal of Mining Science and Technology,2017,27(2):359-364.
[9]杨帆.急倾斜煤层采动覆岩移动模式及机理研究[D].阜新:辽宁工程技术大学,2006.
[10]张益东,程敬义,王晓溪,等.大倾角仰(俯)采采场顶板破断的薄板模型分析[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2010,27(4):487-493.ZHANG Yidong,CHENG Jingyi,WANG Xiaoxi,et al.Thin plate model analysis on roof break of up-dip or down-dip mining stope[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2010,27(4):487-493.
[11]屠洪盛,屠世浩,陈芳,等.基于薄板理论的急倾斜工作面顶板初次变形破断特征研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2014,31(1):49-54,59.TU Hongsheng,TU Shihao,CHEN Fang,et al.Study on the deformation and fracture feature of steep inclined coal seam roof based on the theory of thin plates[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2014,31(1):49-54,59.
[12]尹光志,王登科,张卫中.急倾斜煤层深部开采覆岩变形力学模型及应用[J].重庆大学学报(自然科学版),2006,29(2):79-82.YIN Guangzhi,WANG Dengke,ZHANG Weizhong.Mechanics model to deformation of covered rock strata and its application in deep mining of steep or inclined seam[J].Journal of Chongqing University(Natural Science Edition),2006,29(2):79-82.
[13]解盘石,伍永平,王红伟,等.大倾角煤层长壁采场倾斜砌体结构与支架稳定性分析[J].煤炭学报,2012,37(8):1275-1280.XIE Panshi,WU Yongping,WANG Hongwei,et al.Stability analysis of incline masonry structure and support around long wall mining face area in steeply dipping seam[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2012,37(8):1275-1280.
[14]王红伟,伍永平,解盘石.大倾角煤层开采覆岩应力场形成及演化特征[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报(自然科学版),2013,32(8):1022-1026.WANG Hongwei,WU Yongping,XIE Panshi.Formation and evolution characteristics of rock stress field in steeply dipping seam mining[J].Journal of Liaoning Technical University(Natural Science),2013,32(8):1022-1026.
[15]王宁波,张农,崔峰,等.急倾斜特厚煤层综放工作面采场运移与巷道围岩破裂特征[J].煤炭学报,2013,38(8):1312-1318.WANG Ningbo,ZHANG Nong,CUI Feng,et al.Characteristics of stope migration and roadway surrounding rock fracture for fully-mechanized top-coal caving face in steeply dipping and extra-thick coal seam[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2013,38(8):1312-1318.
[16]李永明.水体下急倾斜煤层充填开采覆岩稳定性及合理防水煤柱研究[D].北京:中国矿业大学(北京),2012.
[17]于健浩.急倾斜煤层充填开采方法及其围岩移动机理研究[D].北京:中国矿业大学(北京),2013.
[18]董守义.建筑物下急倾斜煤层群矸石充填开采研究[D].北京:中国矿业大学(北京),2014.
[19]牛雷.矸石膏体充填开采充填体物理力学性质研究[D].邯郸:河北工程大学,2014.
[20]徐飞.“三下”矿体开采全尾砂胶结充填体强度研究[D].长沙:长沙矿山研究院,2014.
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