38个粒用高粱品种芽期耐盐性的综合鉴定及评价
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摘要
为筛选适合盐碱地种植的粒用高粱品种,在150 mmol·L~(-1)NaCl浓度下对38个粒用高粱品种进行芽期耐盐性的筛选和评价。结果表明,盐胁迫下,38个高粱品种除根冠比外,发芽势、发芽率、根长和叶长均受到不同程度的抑制;各性状的相对值以相对根冠比(CV=62. 84%)和相对根长(CV=44. 55%)的变异较大;各性状的盐害率则以发芽率的盐害率(CV=39. 86%)变异最大。盐胁迫下,相对发芽势与相对发芽率呈显著正相关(R=0. 341),而二者与相对根长(R=0. 214; R=-0. 041)和相对叶长(R=0. 041; R=0. 205)之间无显著相关性。通过主成分分析确定了2类主成分,分别反映根部生长状况和萌发状况;同时根据各因子的载荷矩阵确定相对根冠比、相对发芽势和相对发芽率可以作为高粱耐盐性的鉴定指标。主成分得分值和模糊隶属函数值间呈显著正相关,表明可以通过二者的综合得分进行高粱耐盐性评价和分类。同时,本研究筛选出了耐盐性品种通杂141、晋粱白2号、吉杂137、龙米粱1号和吉杂148。本研究结果为芽期高粱耐盐性品种的筛选提供了理论基础和鉴定方法。
38 grain sorghum cultivars were assessed and screened under 150 mmol·L~(-1) NaCl in order to get salt tolerant cultivars which would be grown in saline and alkaline soil. The result showed that germination potential,germination rate,root length and shoot length of 38 grain sorghums were differently inhibited by saline expect root shoot ratio;Variation coefficients of relative root shoot ratio( CV = 62. 84%) and relative root length( CV = 44. 55%) were higher than other relative values of all the traits,while variation coefficients of salt injury rate of germination potential( CV =39. 86%) was the highest in salt injury rates of all traits. Relative germination potential and relative germination rate had significant positive correlation( R = 0. 341),while they had no correlation with relative root length( R = 0. 214; R =-0. 041) and relative shoot length( R = 0. 041; R = 0. 205). Two principal components were ascertained by principal component analysis,which reflected root growth and germination situation,respectively; Relative ratio of root versus shoot,relative germination potential and relative germination rate were ascertained as salt tolerance identification index by loading matrix of each component. There was significant positive correlation between principal component score and membership values,which indicated that comprehensive score for both would be adapted in evaluation and classification for salt tolerance of sorghum. The research also screened strong salt tolerant cultivars,such as Tongza141,Jinliangbai2,Jiza137,Longmiliang1,Jiza148 and so on. The findings supplied theoretical basis and identification method for salt tolerant screening of sorghum at germination stage.
38 grain sorghum cultivars were assessed and screened under 150 mmol·L~(-1) NaCl in order to get salt tolerant cultivars which would be grown in saline and alkaline soil. The result showed that germination potential,germination rate,root length and shoot length of 38 grain sorghums were differently inhibited by saline expect root shoot ratio;Variation coefficients of relative root shoot ratio( CV = 62. 84%) and relative root length( CV = 44. 55%) were higher than other relative values of all the traits,while variation coefficients of salt injury rate of germination potential( CV =39. 86%) was the highest in salt injury rates of all traits. Relative germination potential and relative germination rate had significant positive correlation( R = 0. 341),while they had no correlation with relative root length( R = 0. 214; R =-0. 041) and relative shoot length( R = 0. 041; R = 0. 205). Two principal components were ascertained by principal component analysis,which reflected root growth and germination situation,respectively; Relative ratio of root versus shoot,relative germination potential and relative germination rate were ascertained as salt tolerance identification index by loading matrix of each component. There was significant positive correlation between principal component score and membership values,which indicated that comprehensive score for both would be adapted in evaluation and classification for salt tolerance of sorghum. The research also screened strong salt tolerant cultivars,such as Tongza141,Jinliangbai2,Jiza137,Longmiliang1,Jiza148 and so on. The findings supplied theoretical basis and identification method for salt tolerant screening of sorghum at germination stage.
引文
[1]Liang W J,Ma X L,Wang P,Liu L Y.Plant salt-tolerance mechanism:A review[J].Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications,2018,495(2):286-291
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[3]Ashraf M.Some important physiological selection criteria for salt tolerance in plants[J].Flora-Morphology,Distribution,Functional Ecology of Plants,2004,199(5):361-376
[4]Shrivastava P,Kumar R.Soil salinity:A serious environmental issue and plant growth promoting bacteria as one of the tools for its alleviation[J].Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences,2015,22(2):123-131
[5]Jamil A,Riaz S,Ashraf M,Foolad M R.Gene expression profiling of plants under salt stress[J].Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences,2011,30(5):435-458
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[7]田蕾,陈亚萍,刘俊,马晓刚,王娜,杨兵,李莹,郭海东,李娟,胡慧,张银霞,李培富.粳稻种质资源芽期耐盐性综合评价与筛选[J].中国水稻科学,2017,31(6):631-642
[8]彭智,李龙,柳玉平,刘惠民,景蕊莲.小麦芽期和苗期耐盐性综合评价[J].植物遗传资源学报,2017,18(4):638-645
[9]张静,王玉凤,杨克军,李佐同,魏金鹏,王智慧,王平,张翼飞,付建,唐春双.玉米芽期耐盐与敏感基因型的筛选[J].玉米科学,2015,23(6):55-64
[10]彭振,何守朴,孙君灵,许菲菲,贾银华,潘兆娥,王立如,杜雄明.陆地棉苗期耐盐性的高效鉴定方法[J].作物学报,2014,40(3):476-486
[11]孙东雷,卞能飞,陈志德,邢兴华,徐泽俊,齐玉军,王晓军,王幸.花生萌发期耐盐性综合评价及耐盐种质筛选[J].植物遗传资源学报,2017,18(6):1079-1087
[12]刘海波,魏玉清.盐胁迫对甜高粱和春小麦种子萌发影响的比较研究[J].江苏农业科学,2016,44(5):142-144
[13]王莉,管博,周沫,于君宝,张晓龙,尹娜,王栋.种子引发对甜高粱和玉米种子耐盐性的影响[J].种子,2015,34(6):72-77
[14]Almodares A,Hadi M R,Kholdebarin B,Samedani B,Kharazian ZA.The response of sweet sorghum cultivars to salt stress and accumulation of Na+,Cl-and K+ions in relation to salinity[J].Journal of Environmental Biology,2014,35(4):733-739
[15]Wang H L,Chen G L,Zhang H W,Liu B,Yang Y B,Qin L,Chen E Y,Guan Y A.Identification of QTLs for salt tolerance at germination and seedling stage of Sorghum bicolor L.Moench[J].Euphytica,2014,196(1):117-127
[16]Huang R D.Research progress on plant tolerance to soil salinity and alkalinity in sorghum[J].Journal of Integrative Agriculture,2018,17(4):739-746
[17]任茂,张文英.棉花品种耐热性分析及鉴定指标筛选[J].核农学报,2018,32(4):788-794
[18]褚能明,柯剑鸿,袁亮.不同鲜食甜糯玉米挥发性风味物质主成分分析[J].核农学报,2017,31(11):2175-2185
[19]张宇君,赵丽丽,王普昶,陈超,康芙蓉.燕麦萌发期抗旱指标体系构建及综合评价[J].核农学报,2017,31(11):2236-2242
[20]李雪,田新会,杜文华.小黑麦品系成株期抗旱性研究[J].核农学报,2018,32(2):377-388
[21]孙璐,周宇飞,汪澈,肖木辑,陶冶,许文娟,黄瑞冬.高粱品种萌发期耐盐性筛选与鉴定[J].中国农业科学,2012,45(9):1714-1722
[22]何晓兰,徐照龙,张大勇,黄益洪,彭陈,邵宏波,王为,郭士伟.65个高粱种质萌芽期的耐盐指标比较及其耐盐性综合评价[J].植物遗传资源学报,2015,24(4):52-60
[23]周福平,柳青山,张一中,张小娟,闫凤霞,郭琦,梁笃.高粱幼苗耐盐指标筛选及耐盐性评价[J].山西农业科学,2015,43(9):1076-1079,1083
[24]薛晓强,张一中.不同高粱杂交种萌发期耐盐性评价[J].山西农业科学,2016,44(3):300-302,340
[25]李丰先,周宇飞,王艺陶,孙璐,白薇,闫彤,许文娟,黄瑞冬.高粱品种萌发期耐碱性筛选与综合鉴定[J].中国农业科学,2013,46(9):1762-1771
[26]穆志新,李萌,秦慧彬.高粱芽期耐盐指标筛选及耐盐性评价[J].山西农业科学,2017,45(7):1075-1079
[27]王海莲,刘宾,张华文,陈桂玲,秦岭,杨延兵,陈二影,管延安.盐胁迫下高粱幼苗生长及其对耐盐性评价的影响[J].山东农业科学,2013,45(3):42-46
[28]Yan K,Xu H L,Cao W,Chen X B.Salt priming improved salt tolerance in sweet sorghum by enhancing osmotic resistance and reducing root Na+uptake[J].Acta Physiologiae Plantarum,2015,37(10):203
[29]Dalal M,Kumar G S,Mayandi K.Identifcation and expression analysis of group 3 LEA family genes in sorghum[Sorghum bicolor(L.)Moench][J].Acta Physiologiae Plantarum,2013,35(3):979-984
[30]张飞,朱凯,王艳秋,张志鹏,邹剑秋.种子引发对盐渍土壤条件下高粱芽苗生理特性的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2016,34(5):47-532019,33(9):1841~1855
[2]Munns R.Comparative physiology of salt and water stress[J].Plant,Cell and Environment,2002,25(2):239-250
[3]Ashraf M.Some important physiological selection criteria for salt tolerance in plants[J].Flora-Morphology,Distribution,Functional Ecology of Plants,2004,199(5):361-376
[4]Shrivastava P,Kumar R.Soil salinity:A serious environmental issue and plant growth promoting bacteria as one of the tools for its alleviation[J].Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences,2015,22(2):123-131
[5]Jamil A,Riaz S,Ashraf M,Foolad M R.Gene expression profiling of plants under salt stress[J].Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences,2011,30(5):435-458
[6]杨劲松.我国盐渍土资源利用与管理研究的回顾与展望[C]//中国土壤学会.中国土壤科学的现状与展望.南京:江苏科学技术出版社,2005:211-215
[7]田蕾,陈亚萍,刘俊,马晓刚,王娜,杨兵,李莹,郭海东,李娟,胡慧,张银霞,李培富.粳稻种质资源芽期耐盐性综合评价与筛选[J].中国水稻科学,2017,31(6):631-642
[8]彭智,李龙,柳玉平,刘惠民,景蕊莲.小麦芽期和苗期耐盐性综合评价[J].植物遗传资源学报,2017,18(4):638-645
[9]张静,王玉凤,杨克军,李佐同,魏金鹏,王智慧,王平,张翼飞,付建,唐春双.玉米芽期耐盐与敏感基因型的筛选[J].玉米科学,2015,23(6):55-64
[10]彭振,何守朴,孙君灵,许菲菲,贾银华,潘兆娥,王立如,杜雄明.陆地棉苗期耐盐性的高效鉴定方法[J].作物学报,2014,40(3):476-486
[11]孙东雷,卞能飞,陈志德,邢兴华,徐泽俊,齐玉军,王晓军,王幸.花生萌发期耐盐性综合评价及耐盐种质筛选[J].植物遗传资源学报,2017,18(6):1079-1087
[12]刘海波,魏玉清.盐胁迫对甜高粱和春小麦种子萌发影响的比较研究[J].江苏农业科学,2016,44(5):142-144
[13]王莉,管博,周沫,于君宝,张晓龙,尹娜,王栋.种子引发对甜高粱和玉米种子耐盐性的影响[J].种子,2015,34(6):72-77
[14]Almodares A,Hadi M R,Kholdebarin B,Samedani B,Kharazian ZA.The response of sweet sorghum cultivars to salt stress and accumulation of Na+,Cl-and K+ions in relation to salinity[J].Journal of Environmental Biology,2014,35(4):733-739
[15]Wang H L,Chen G L,Zhang H W,Liu B,Yang Y B,Qin L,Chen E Y,Guan Y A.Identification of QTLs for salt tolerance at germination and seedling stage of Sorghum bicolor L.Moench[J].Euphytica,2014,196(1):117-127
[16]Huang R D.Research progress on plant tolerance to soil salinity and alkalinity in sorghum[J].Journal of Integrative Agriculture,2018,17(4):739-746
[17]任茂,张文英.棉花品种耐热性分析及鉴定指标筛选[J].核农学报,2018,32(4):788-794
[18]褚能明,柯剑鸿,袁亮.不同鲜食甜糯玉米挥发性风味物质主成分分析[J].核农学报,2017,31(11):2175-2185
[19]张宇君,赵丽丽,王普昶,陈超,康芙蓉.燕麦萌发期抗旱指标体系构建及综合评价[J].核农学报,2017,31(11):2236-2242
[20]李雪,田新会,杜文华.小黑麦品系成株期抗旱性研究[J].核农学报,2018,32(2):377-388
[21]孙璐,周宇飞,汪澈,肖木辑,陶冶,许文娟,黄瑞冬.高粱品种萌发期耐盐性筛选与鉴定[J].中国农业科学,2012,45(9):1714-1722
[22]何晓兰,徐照龙,张大勇,黄益洪,彭陈,邵宏波,王为,郭士伟.65个高粱种质萌芽期的耐盐指标比较及其耐盐性综合评价[J].植物遗传资源学报,2015,24(4):52-60
[23]周福平,柳青山,张一中,张小娟,闫凤霞,郭琦,梁笃.高粱幼苗耐盐指标筛选及耐盐性评价[J].山西农业科学,2015,43(9):1076-1079,1083
[24]薛晓强,张一中.不同高粱杂交种萌发期耐盐性评价[J].山西农业科学,2016,44(3):300-302,340
[25]李丰先,周宇飞,王艺陶,孙璐,白薇,闫彤,许文娟,黄瑞冬.高粱品种萌发期耐碱性筛选与综合鉴定[J].中国农业科学,2013,46(9):1762-1771
[26]穆志新,李萌,秦慧彬.高粱芽期耐盐指标筛选及耐盐性评价[J].山西农业科学,2017,45(7):1075-1079
[27]王海莲,刘宾,张华文,陈桂玲,秦岭,杨延兵,陈二影,管延安.盐胁迫下高粱幼苗生长及其对耐盐性评价的影响[J].山东农业科学,2013,45(3):42-46
[28]Yan K,Xu H L,Cao W,Chen X B.Salt priming improved salt tolerance in sweet sorghum by enhancing osmotic resistance and reducing root Na+uptake[J].Acta Physiologiae Plantarum,2015,37(10):203
[29]Dalal M,Kumar G S,Mayandi K.Identifcation and expression analysis of group 3 LEA family genes in sorghum[Sorghum bicolor(L.)Moench][J].Acta Physiologiae Plantarum,2013,35(3):979-984
[30]张飞,朱凯,王艳秋,张志鹏,邹剑秋.种子引发对盐渍土壤条件下高粱芽苗生理特性的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2016,34(5):47-532019,33(9):1841~1855