基于PSGA的电动汽车动态无线供电系统优化布局
|
摘要
随着电动汽车动态无线供电系统的不断发展,其较高的初始投资费用越来越引起关注。基于此,提出了一种基于粒子群的混合遗传算法(PSGA)的电动汽车动态无线供电系统规划方法。首先分析了车辆行驶特性及储能装置特性,而后以储能装置能量和供电导轨长度等为约束,以电动汽车动态无线供电系统投资成本最小化为目标,建立了电动汽车动态无线供电系统优化布局的数学模型。针对建立模型的复杂性,采用PSGA对该模型进行求解。该算法利用粒子群算法中保留个体经验信息的操作来改进遗传算法中的交叉操作,提升了算法的搜索效率和精度。通过对算例的分析,验证了所提方法的有效性。
With the development of dynamic wireless supply system for electric vehicles(EVs), the higher initial investment cost has aroused more and more concerns. Based on it, a planning method of dynamic wireless supply system for EVs based on particle swarm genetic algorithm(PSGA) is presented. The driving characteristics of EVs and features of energy storage devices are first analyzed. Then the mathematical model of optimal planning for EV's dynamic wireless supply system is built by taking the energy of energy storage devices and the length of the power supply rail as the constraints, and the minimum investment cost of EV's dynamic wireless supply system as the target. In view of the complexity of the model, the PSGA is used to solve the model. The algorithm uses the particle swarm optimization algorithm to retain the individual experience information to improve the crossover operation of genetic algorithm, and improves the search efficiency and precision of the algorithm. Through the analysis of the example, the validity of the proposed method is verified.
With the development of dynamic wireless supply system for electric vehicles(EVs), the higher initial investment cost has aroused more and more concerns. Based on it, a planning method of dynamic wireless supply system for EVs based on particle swarm genetic algorithm(PSGA) is presented. The driving characteristics of EVs and features of energy storage devices are first analyzed. Then the mathematical model of optimal planning for EV's dynamic wireless supply system is built by taking the energy of energy storage devices and the length of the power supply rail as the constraints, and the minimum investment cost of EV's dynamic wireless supply system as the target. In view of the complexity of the model, the PSGA is used to solve the model. The algorithm uses the particle swarm optimization algorithm to retain the individual experience information to improve the crossover operation of genetic algorithm, and improves the search efficiency and precision of the algorithm. Through the analysis of the example, the validity of the proposed method is verified.
引文
[1] 杨庆新,章鹏程,祝丽花,等.无线电能传输技术的关键基础与技术瓶颈问题[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(5):1-8.YANG Qingxin,ZHANG Pengcheng,ZHU Lihua,et al.Key fundamental problems and technical bottlenecks of the wireless power transmission technology[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(5):1-8.
[2] 黄学良,王维,谭林林.磁耦合谐振式无线电能传输技术研究动态与应用展望[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(2):2-14.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20160924005.HUANG Xueliang,WANG Wei,TAN Linlin.Technical progress and application development of magnetic coupling resonant wireless power transfer[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(2):2-14.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20160924005.
[3] 王立业,岳圆,王丽芳,等.基于负载和互感参数摄动的电动汽车无线充电控制[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(15):178-185.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20171027004.WANG Liye,YUE Yuan,WANG Lifang,et al.Wireless charging control for electric vehicle based on parameters perturbation of load and mutual inductance[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(15):178-185.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20171027004.
[4] 曹玲玲,陈乾宏,任小永,等.电动汽车高效率无线充电技术的研究进展[J].电工技术学报,2012,27(8):1-13.CAO Lingling,CHEN Qianhong,REN Xiaoyong,et al.Review of the efficient wireless power transmission technique for electric vehicles[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2012,27(8):1-13.
[5] 朱春波,姜金海,宋凯,等.电动汽车动态无线充电关键技术研究进展[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(2):60-65.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20160919013.ZHU Chunbo,JIANG Jinhai,SONG Kai,et al.Research progress of key technologies for dynamic wireless charging of electric vehicle[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(2):60-65.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20160919013.
[6] 夏晨阳,陈国平,任思源,等.采用新型负载恒流供电复合谐振网络的无线电能传输系统[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(2):46-52.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20160406005.XIA Chenyang,CHEN Guoping,REN Siyuan,et al.Wireless power transfer system using composite resonant network for constant-current power supply of load[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(2):46-52.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20160406005.
[7] 蒋成,孙跃,王智慧,等.电动汽车无线供电导轨切换模式分析[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(12):188-193.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20161215003.JIANG Cheng,SUN Yue,WANG Zhihui,et al.Switching mode analysis of wireless supplying rail for electric vehicles[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(12):188-193.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20161215003.
[8] 宋凯,朱春波,李阳,等.用于电动汽车动态供电的多初级绕组并联无线电能传输技术[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(17):4445-4453.SONG Kai,ZHU Chunbo,LI Yang,et al.Wireless power transfer technology for electric vehicle dynamic charging using multi-parallel primary coils[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(17):4445-4453.
[9] BUDHIA M,BOYS J T,COVIC G A,et al.Development of a single-sided flux magnetic coupler for electric vehicle IPT charging systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2013,60(1):318-328.
[10] XIANG Lijuan,SUN Yue,TANG Chunsen,et al.Design of crossed DD coil for dynamic wireless charging of electric vehicles[C]// IEEE PELS Workshop on Emerging Technologies:Wireless Power Transfer,May 20-22,2017,Chongqing,China:5p.
[11] SAMPATH J,VILATHGAMUWA D M,ALPHONES A.Efficiency enhancement for dynamic wireless power transfer system with segmented transmitter array[J].IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification,2016,2(1):76-85.
[12] 胡超.电动汽车无线供电电磁耦合机构能效特性及优化方法研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2015.HU Chao.Research on output performance and parameters optimization of magnetic coupler for EVs’ wireless power supply[D].Chongqing:Chongqing University,2015.
[13] LIU Han,TAN Linlin,HUANG Xueliang,et al.Primary topology selection and conversion in short-segmented on-road charging system for electrical vehicles[J].IET Power Electronics,2017,10(4):499-507.
[14] ZHANG Xian,YUAN Zhaoyang,YANG Qingxin,et al.Coil design and efficiency analysis for dynamic wireless charging system for electric vehicles[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2016,52(7):1-4.
[15] JANG Y J,JEONG S,KO Y D.System optimization of the on-line electric vehicle operating in a closed environment[J].Computers & Industrial Engineering,2015,80:222-235.
[16] MOUHRIM N,EL HILALI ALAOUI A,BOUKACHOUR J.Optimal allocation of wireless power transfer system for electric vehicles in a multipath environment[C]// International Conference on Logistics Operations Management,May 23-25,2016,Fez,Morocco:7p.
[17] PANTIC Z,BAI S,LUKIC S M.Inductively coupled power transfer for continuously powered electric vehicles[C]// Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference,September 7-10,2009,Dearborn,USA:1271-1278.
[18] JANG Y J,SUH E S,KIM J W.System architecture and mathematical models of electric transit bus system utilizing wireless power transfer technology[J].IEEE Systems Journal,2016,10(2):495-506.
[19] LIMB B J,CRABB B,ZANE R,et al.Economic feasibility and infrastructure optimization of in-motion charging of electric vehicles using wireless power transfer[C]// IEEE PELS Workshop on Emerging Technologies:Wireless Power Transfer,October 4-6,2016,Knoxville,USA:42-46.
[20] LARMINIE J,LOWRY J.Electric vehicle technology explained[M].Hoboken,USA:John Wiley & Sons,2004.
[21] 柴庆冕.超级电容器储能系统充放电控制策略的研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2010.CHAI Qingmian.Research on charging-discharging control strategy of ultracapacitor energy storage system[D].Beijing:Beijing Jiaotong University,2010.
[22] 戴欣.软开关变换电路离散映射建模方法及非线性行为研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2006.DAI Xin.Study on discrete time mapping modeling and nonlinear behaviors analysis for soft switched circuit[D].Chongqing:Chongqing University,2006.
[23] 于莹莹,陈燕,李桃迎.改进的遗传算法求解旅行商问题[J].控制与决策,2014,29(8):1483-1488.YU Yingying,CHEN Yan,LI Taoying.Improved genetic algorithm for solving TSP[J].Control and Decision,2014,29(8):1483-1488.
[24] 高红霞.基于种群熵和种群结构的粒子群算法研究[D].鞍山:辽宁科技大学,2007.GAO Hongxia.Study of particle swarm optimizers based on population entropy and structure[D].Anshan:Liaoning University of Science and Technology,2007.
[25] 张宏立,宋莉莉.基于量子粒子群算法的混沌系统参数辨识[J].物理学报,2013,62(19):106-111.ZHANG Hongli,SONG Lili.Parameter identification in chaotic systems by means of quantum particle swarm optimization[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2013,62(19):106-111.
[2] 黄学良,王维,谭林林.磁耦合谐振式无线电能传输技术研究动态与应用展望[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(2):2-14.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20160924005.HUANG Xueliang,WANG Wei,TAN Linlin.Technical progress and application development of magnetic coupling resonant wireless power transfer[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(2):2-14.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20160924005.
[3] 王立业,岳圆,王丽芳,等.基于负载和互感参数摄动的电动汽车无线充电控制[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(15):178-185.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20171027004.WANG Liye,YUE Yuan,WANG Lifang,et al.Wireless charging control for electric vehicle based on parameters perturbation of load and mutual inductance[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(15):178-185.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20171027004.
[4] 曹玲玲,陈乾宏,任小永,等.电动汽车高效率无线充电技术的研究进展[J].电工技术学报,2012,27(8):1-13.CAO Lingling,CHEN Qianhong,REN Xiaoyong,et al.Review of the efficient wireless power transmission technique for electric vehicles[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2012,27(8):1-13.
[5] 朱春波,姜金海,宋凯,等.电动汽车动态无线充电关键技术研究进展[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(2):60-65.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20160919013.ZHU Chunbo,JIANG Jinhai,SONG Kai,et al.Research progress of key technologies for dynamic wireless charging of electric vehicle[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(2):60-65.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20160919013.
[6] 夏晨阳,陈国平,任思源,等.采用新型负载恒流供电复合谐振网络的无线电能传输系统[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(2):46-52.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20160406005.XIA Chenyang,CHEN Guoping,REN Siyuan,et al.Wireless power transfer system using composite resonant network for constant-current power supply of load[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(2):46-52.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20160406005.
[7] 蒋成,孙跃,王智慧,等.电动汽车无线供电导轨切换模式分析[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(12):188-193.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20161215003.JIANG Cheng,SUN Yue,WANG Zhihui,et al.Switching mode analysis of wireless supplying rail for electric vehicles[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(12):188-193.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20161215003.
[8] 宋凯,朱春波,李阳,等.用于电动汽车动态供电的多初级绕组并联无线电能传输技术[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(17):4445-4453.SONG Kai,ZHU Chunbo,LI Yang,et al.Wireless power transfer technology for electric vehicle dynamic charging using multi-parallel primary coils[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(17):4445-4453.
[9] BUDHIA M,BOYS J T,COVIC G A,et al.Development of a single-sided flux magnetic coupler for electric vehicle IPT charging systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2013,60(1):318-328.
[10] XIANG Lijuan,SUN Yue,TANG Chunsen,et al.Design of crossed DD coil for dynamic wireless charging of electric vehicles[C]// IEEE PELS Workshop on Emerging Technologies:Wireless Power Transfer,May 20-22,2017,Chongqing,China:5p.
[11] SAMPATH J,VILATHGAMUWA D M,ALPHONES A.Efficiency enhancement for dynamic wireless power transfer system with segmented transmitter array[J].IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification,2016,2(1):76-85.
[12] 胡超.电动汽车无线供电电磁耦合机构能效特性及优化方法研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2015.HU Chao.Research on output performance and parameters optimization of magnetic coupler for EVs’ wireless power supply[D].Chongqing:Chongqing University,2015.
[13] LIU Han,TAN Linlin,HUANG Xueliang,et al.Primary topology selection and conversion in short-segmented on-road charging system for electrical vehicles[J].IET Power Electronics,2017,10(4):499-507.
[14] ZHANG Xian,YUAN Zhaoyang,YANG Qingxin,et al.Coil design and efficiency analysis for dynamic wireless charging system for electric vehicles[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2016,52(7):1-4.
[15] JANG Y J,JEONG S,KO Y D.System optimization of the on-line electric vehicle operating in a closed environment[J].Computers & Industrial Engineering,2015,80:222-235.
[16] MOUHRIM N,EL HILALI ALAOUI A,BOUKACHOUR J.Optimal allocation of wireless power transfer system for electric vehicles in a multipath environment[C]// International Conference on Logistics Operations Management,May 23-25,2016,Fez,Morocco:7p.
[17] PANTIC Z,BAI S,LUKIC S M.Inductively coupled power transfer for continuously powered electric vehicles[C]// Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference,September 7-10,2009,Dearborn,USA:1271-1278.
[18] JANG Y J,SUH E S,KIM J W.System architecture and mathematical models of electric transit bus system utilizing wireless power transfer technology[J].IEEE Systems Journal,2016,10(2):495-506.
[19] LIMB B J,CRABB B,ZANE R,et al.Economic feasibility and infrastructure optimization of in-motion charging of electric vehicles using wireless power transfer[C]// IEEE PELS Workshop on Emerging Technologies:Wireless Power Transfer,October 4-6,2016,Knoxville,USA:42-46.
[20] LARMINIE J,LOWRY J.Electric vehicle technology explained[M].Hoboken,USA:John Wiley & Sons,2004.
[21] 柴庆冕.超级电容器储能系统充放电控制策略的研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2010.CHAI Qingmian.Research on charging-discharging control strategy of ultracapacitor energy storage system[D].Beijing:Beijing Jiaotong University,2010.
[22] 戴欣.软开关变换电路离散映射建模方法及非线性行为研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2006.DAI Xin.Study on discrete time mapping modeling and nonlinear behaviors analysis for soft switched circuit[D].Chongqing:Chongqing University,2006.
[23] 于莹莹,陈燕,李桃迎.改进的遗传算法求解旅行商问题[J].控制与决策,2014,29(8):1483-1488.YU Yingying,CHEN Yan,LI Taoying.Improved genetic algorithm for solving TSP[J].Control and Decision,2014,29(8):1483-1488.
[24] 高红霞.基于种群熵和种群结构的粒子群算法研究[D].鞍山:辽宁科技大学,2007.GAO Hongxia.Study of particle swarm optimizers based on population entropy and structure[D].Anshan:Liaoning University of Science and Technology,2007.
[25] 张宏立,宋莉莉.基于量子粒子群算法的混沌系统参数辨识[J].物理学报,2013,62(19):106-111.ZHANG Hongli,SONG Lili.Parameter identification in chaotic systems by means of quantum particle swarm optimization[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2013,62(19):106-111.