视频测量机器人星识别算法在自动天文定向中的应用
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摘要
天文定向是通过观测天体确定方位的高精度定向方法,在天文测量中具有重要的作用,实现自动天文定向是目前天文定向的发展趋势。基于视频全站仪的工作模式,本文提出了一种星识别定向方法。首先通过视频测量连续快速拍摄多颗星,再将高度角和方位角差作为匹配条件,识别出各恒星,最后利用观测数据和解算的恒星数据关系获得定向结果,实现天文定向自动化。本文分析了因测站坐标误差和观测误差引起的星识别误差,由此给出匹配阈值,进一步提高了匹配的精确度和准确度。
Astronomical orientation is a high precision orientation method to determine the orientation by observing celestial bodies,which plays an important role in astronomical measurement.Automatic astronomical orientation is the developing trend of astronomical orientation.Based on video total station work mode,a star identification orientation method is proposed.First,it uses video measuring to continuously and rapidly shoot many stars.Second,all the stars are identified with the elevation angle and azimuth angle difference as matching conditions.Finally,the directional results are obtained by using the observed data and the calculated stellar data relation,to realize the automatic astronomical orientation.In this paper,the star recognition error caused by coordinate error of measurement station and observation error is analyzed.Therefore,the matching threshold is given to further improve the precision and accuracy of matching.
Astronomical orientation is a high precision orientation method to determine the orientation by observing celestial bodies,which plays an important role in astronomical measurement.Automatic astronomical orientation is the developing trend of astronomical orientation.Based on video total station work mode,a star identification orientation method is proposed.First,it uses video measuring to continuously and rapidly shoot many stars.Second,all the stars are identified with the elevation angle and azimuth angle difference as matching conditions.Finally,the directional results are obtained by using the observed data and the calculated stellar data relation,to realize the automatic astronomical orientation.In this paper,the star recognition error caused by coordinate error of measurement station and observation error is analyzed.Therefore,the matching threshold is given to further improve the precision and accuracy of matching.
引文
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[2]詹银虎,郑勇,张超,等.一种亮星识别算法及其在天文定向中的应用[J].测绘学报,2015,44(3):257-263.
[3]石志伟.基于B1000的星敏感器星图预处理及识别算法[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2016.
[4]张磊,何昕,魏仲慧,等.三角形星图识别算法的改进[J].光学精密工程,2010,18(2):458-463.
[5]张磊,何昕,魏仲慧,等.基于星图识别的空间目标快速天文定位[J].光学精密工程,2014,22(11):3074-3080.
[6]李辉,王安国,张磊.改进金字塔算法用于小视场星图识别[J].应用光学,2013,34(2):267-272.
[7]李立宏,林涛,宁永臣,等.一种改进的全天自主三角形星图识别算法[J].光学技术,2000,26(4):372-374.
[8]QUINE B M,WHYTE H F.A fast autonomous star-acquisition algorithm for spacecraft[J].Control Engineering Practice,1996,4(12):1735-1740.
[9]PADGETT C,DELGADO K.A grid algorithm for autonomous star identification[J].IEEE Transactions on Aerospace&Electronic Systems,1996,33(1):202-213.
[10]王海涌,费峥红,张超.改进的基于主星的星图识别算法[J].光学精密工程,2009,17(1):220-224.
[11]宋飞杰,张超,王若璞,等.Leica-TS30在天文测量中的应用[J].测绘科学技术学报,2015,32(2):135-139.
[12]宋飞杰.天文测量人仪差室内标定技术研究[D].郑州:信息工程大学,2015.
[13]国家测绘局.大地天文测量规范:GB/T 17943-2000[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2000.
[14]陈勤勤,刘新江.天文经度测量中人仪差改正精度分析[C]∥中国测绘地理信息学会2014年学术年会.武汉:[s.n.],2014.
[15]董朝阳,唐宇培,刘新江.天文经度测量中人仪差测定精度评估方法研究[J].海洋测绘,2015,35(5):47-50.
[16]张捍卫,郑勇,马高峰.VLBI中性大气折射延迟的研究进展---天顶延迟的改正模型[J].测绘科学,2003,28(2):53-57.
[17]冒蔚,张捍卫,李彬华,等.测定天文大气折射和建立折射延迟实测模型的必要性[J].天文研究与技术:国家天文台台刊,2005,2(4):232-239.
[18]曹冲.北斗与GNSS系统概论[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2016.
[19]熊能.GNSS高精度实时定位的研究与实现[D].北京:北京邮电大学,2013.
[20]张超.基于电子经纬仪的天文测量系统及应用研究[D].郑州:信息工程大学,2009.