梁启超后期史学思想的转变
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摘要
梁启超是近代著名的学者之一,在史学方面取得了丰硕的成果,其史学思想以广博而多变著称。学界将他的史学思想分成了两个时期,在其后期史学思想迎来了一次"绝大的革命"。造成梁启超后期史学转变的因素很多,且主要的特征是从西学回归到传统史学,同时在对待西学的态度上虽有批判但也有继承,对待传统史学的态度上虽有弘扬但也有批判,在此种"二重性"的视角下,更是寻求西学与传统史学互补之可能性。梁启超后期史学的转变,更能体现梁启超"连续性与断裂性"共存的一生,也就是说对梁启超"断裂性"的后期史学思想的研究,应该置于"连续性"的视角之下。
Liang Qichao is one of the most famous scholars in modern times and has achieved rich achievements in historiography.His historiography is famous for wide variety.The academic circle divided his historiography thought into two periods,and in his later historiography thought ushered in a "most revolution".Many factors caused Liang Qichao's later historical transformation,and the main feature was returned from western learning to traditional historiography.At the same time,the attitude towards western learning was criticized and inherited,which was carried forward but also criticized in the attitude of traditional historiography.In this kind of "duality",it is more likely to seek the complementary possibility of western learning and traditional historiography.Transformation of Liang Qichao's later historiography can reflect more Liang Qichao"continuity and disjunctive"coexistence of life,that is to say,the study of Liang Qichao's "broken"later historiography thought should be placed under the perspective of"continuity".
Liang Qichao is one of the most famous scholars in modern times and has achieved rich achievements in historiography.His historiography is famous for wide variety.The academic circle divided his historiography thought into two periods,and in his later historiography thought ushered in a "most revolution".Many factors caused Liang Qichao's later historical transformation,and the main feature was returned from western learning to traditional historiography.At the same time,the attitude towards western learning was criticized and inherited,which was carried forward but also criticized in the attitude of traditional historiography.In this kind of "duality",it is more likely to seek the complementary possibility of western learning and traditional historiography.Transformation of Liang Qichao's later historiography can reflect more Liang Qichao"continuity and disjunctive"coexistence of life,that is to say,the study of Liang Qichao's "broken"later historiography thought should be placed under the perspective of"continuity".
引文
[1]许冠三.新史学九十年[M].长沙:岳麓书社,2003.
[2]梁启超.清代学术概论[M].上海:上海古籍出版社,1998.
[3]李华兴.近代中国的风云与梁启超的变幻[J].近代史研究,1984,(2):198-217.
[4]刘东,翟奎凤.梁启超文存[M].南京:江苏人民出版社,2012.
[5]夏晓红.追忆梁启超[M].上海:三联书店,2009.
[6]梁启超.自由书[M]//饮冰室合集(专集二).北京:中华书局,1989.
[7]梁启超.新民说[M]//饮冰室合集(专集四).北京:中华书局,1989.
[8]刘东,翟奎凤.欧游心影录[M]//梁启超文存.北京:中华书局,1989.
[9]丁文江,赵丰田.梁启超年谱长编[M].上海:上海人民出版社,1989.
[10]梁启超.新史学[M]//饮冰室合集(文集九).北京:中华书局,1989.
[11]冯天瑜.剪不断理还乱:从梁启超对中国文化两极评断说开去[N].光明日报,2010-08-24(3).
[12]梁启超.新大陆游记[M]//饮冰室合集(专集二十二).北京:中华书局,1989.
[13]梁启超.东南大学课毕告别词[M]//饮冰室合集(文集四十).北京:中华书局,1989.
[14]梁启超.梁启超演讲录[M].天津:天津古籍出版社,2005.
[15]刘东,翟奎凤.科学精神与东西文化[M]//梁启超文存.北京:中华书局,1989.
[16]梁启超.孔子[M]//饮冰室合集(专集三十六).北京:中华书局,1989.
(1)从调和思想中可以看出梁启超思想寻求平衡的观点,参考刘东先生《国学:六种视角与六重定义》一文,载《中国学术》第32期。
(2)参阅勒文森《梁启超与中国近代思想》一书,刘伟,刘丽译,四川人民出版社1986年版。
[2]梁启超.清代学术概论[M].上海:上海古籍出版社,1998.
[3]李华兴.近代中国的风云与梁启超的变幻[J].近代史研究,1984,(2):198-217.
[4]刘东,翟奎凤.梁启超文存[M].南京:江苏人民出版社,2012.
[5]夏晓红.追忆梁启超[M].上海:三联书店,2009.
[6]梁启超.自由书[M]//饮冰室合集(专集二).北京:中华书局,1989.
[7]梁启超.新民说[M]//饮冰室合集(专集四).北京:中华书局,1989.
[8]刘东,翟奎凤.欧游心影录[M]//梁启超文存.北京:中华书局,1989.
[9]丁文江,赵丰田.梁启超年谱长编[M].上海:上海人民出版社,1989.
[10]梁启超.新史学[M]//饮冰室合集(文集九).北京:中华书局,1989.
[11]冯天瑜.剪不断理还乱:从梁启超对中国文化两极评断说开去[N].光明日报,2010-08-24(3).
[12]梁启超.新大陆游记[M]//饮冰室合集(专集二十二).北京:中华书局,1989.
[13]梁启超.东南大学课毕告别词[M]//饮冰室合集(文集四十).北京:中华书局,1989.
[14]梁启超.梁启超演讲录[M].天津:天津古籍出版社,2005.
[15]刘东,翟奎凤.科学精神与东西文化[M]//梁启超文存.北京:中华书局,1989.
[16]梁启超.孔子[M]//饮冰室合集(专集三十六).北京:中华书局,1989.
(1)从调和思想中可以看出梁启超思想寻求平衡的观点,参考刘东先生《国学:六种视角与六重定义》一文,载《中国学术》第32期。
(2)参阅勒文森《梁启超与中国近代思想》一书,刘伟,刘丽译,四川人民出版社1986年版。