夜气辉对天基光学碎片探测的影响分析
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摘要
设计并完成了夜气辉背景下的天基碎片观测试验,获取了综合谱段的观测数据。基于观测数据进行夜气辉的辐射特性及其对天基碎片探测的影响分析。结果表明,夜气辉辐射随纬度和高度呈现一定的分布特点,这些特点均符合夜气辉的理论分布规律。在约90 km处辐射最强,亮度可达到单位积分时间每平方角秒近15星等,这对恒星及碎片提取概率影响较大,其中,13等星的提取概率仅为40. 5%。
The space-based debris observation experiment under the night airglow background is designed and completed,and the observation data in the comprehensive spectrum is obtained. The radiation characteristics of the night airglow and its effects on the space-based debris detection are analyzed based on the observation data. The results show that the distribution characteristics of the night airglow radiation with latitude and altitude are consistent with the theoretical distribution law of the night airglow. The radiation is the strongest at about 90 km,and the brightness can reach nearly 15 star magnitude per square arc second per unit integral time,which has a great impact on the probability of the star and debris extraction,among them,the probability of the 13 magnitude stars extraction is only 40. 5%.
The space-based debris observation experiment under the night airglow background is designed and completed,and the observation data in the comprehensive spectrum is obtained. The radiation characteristics of the night airglow and its effects on the space-based debris detection are analyzed based on the observation data. The results show that the distribution characteristics of the night airglow radiation with latitude and altitude are consistent with the theoretical distribution law of the night airglow. The radiation is the strongest at about 90 km,and the brightness can reach nearly 15 star magnitude per square arc second per unit integral time,which has a great impact on the probability of the star and debris extraction,among them,the probability of the 13 magnitude stars extraction is only 40. 5%.
引文
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[22]Bertin E,Arnouts S.SExtractor:Software for source extraction[J].Astronomy and Astrophysics(Supplement Series),1996,117(2):393-404.
[2]Stokes G H,Braun C V,Sridharan R,et al.Space-based visible program[J].Lincoln Laboratory Journal,2008,11(2):205-236.
[3]Sharma J,Stokes G H,Braun C,et al.Toward operational space-based space surveillance[J].Lincoln Laboratory Journal,2002.
[4]张科科,李宗耀,胡海鹰,等.基于天基光学探测图像初析南大西洋异常区影响[J].中国空间科学技术,2015,10(5):33-40,49.[Zhang Ke-ke,Li Zong-yao,Hu Hai-ying,et al.Analysis of influence of South Atlantic anomaly based on spacebased visible detection images[J].Chinese Space Science and Technology,2015,10(5):33-40,49.]
[5]张科科,周峰,傅丹鹰.天基空间目标监视可见光遥感器研究[J].航天返回与遥感,2005,26(4):10-14.[Zhang Keke,Zhou Feng,Fu Dan-ying.Research on space-based space surveillance visible sensor[J].Spacecraft Recovery&Remote Sensing,2005,26(4):10-14.]
[6]尚玲.天基可见光探测相机光学系统设计及杂散光分析[D].西安:中国科学院研究生院,2011.[Shang Ling.Optical system design and stray light analysis of a space-based visible camera[D].Xi’an:Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2011.]
[7]陈醒.天基空间目标探测系统的光学设计与杂散光研究[D].长春:中国科学院研究生院,2018.[Chen Xing.Optical system design and stray light research of a space-based detection camera[D].Changchun:Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2018.]
[8]原育凯,陈宏宇,吴会英.在轨航天器地气光环境分析[J].北京航空航天大学学报,2011,37(2):136-139.[Yuan Yukai,Chen Hong-yu,Wu Hui-ying.In-orbit spacecraft’s earth and atmosphere radiation environment analysis[J].Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2011,37(2):136-139.]
[9]王竞,裘予雷,胡景耀,等.近地轨道飞行器的光辐射背景环境[J].航天器环境工程,2007,25(5):296-299.[Wang Jing,Qiu Yu-lei,Hu Jing-yao,et al.Background optical radiation environment for satellites in low Earth orbit[J].Spacecraft Environment Engineering,2007,25(5):296-299.]
[10]高红.中高层大气气辉辐射研究[D].北京:中国科学院研究生院,2008.[Gao Hong.The study on airglow in middle and upper atmosphere[D].Beijing:Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2008.]
[11]王后茂.基于Fabry-Perot干涉仪全干涉圆环和非全干涉圆环进行中高层大气风场和温度的反演研究[D].北京:中国科学院研究生院,2017.[Wang Hou-mao.Retrieval of wind and temperature for middle and upper atmosphere based on full-closed and non-full circular fringes of Fabry-Perot interferometer(FPI)[D].Beijing:Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2017.]
[12]徐伟.GEO目标的天基观测任务规划研究[D].长沙:国防科学技术大学研究生院,2014.[Xu Wei.Space-based observation mission research of GEO targets[D].Changsha:Graduate School of National University of Defense Technology,2014.]
[13]Léna P,Lebrun F,Mignard F.Observational astrophysics[M].Berlin:Springer Verlag,1998.
[14]Leinert C,Bowyer S,Haikala L K,et al.The 1997 reference of diffuse night sky brightness[J].Astronomy and Astrophysics(Supplement Series),1998,127(1):1-99.
[15]李明,龚自正,刘国青.空间碎片监测移除前沿技术与系统发展[J].科学通报,2018,63(25):2570-2591.[Li Ming,Gong Zi-zheng,Liu Guo-qing.Frontier technology and system development of space debris surveillance and active removal[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2018,63(25):2570-2591.]
[16]文援兰,何星星,李志,等.天基照相跟踪空间碎片批处理轨道确定研究[J].宇航学报,2010,31(3):888-894.[Wen Yuan-lan,He Xing-xing,Li Zhi,et al.Space-based camera tracking of space debris for orbit determination with batch process[J].Journal of Astronautics,2010,31(3):888-894.]
[17]刘伟军.中高层大气气辉光谱的探测与研究[D].北京:中国科学院研究生院,2016.[Liu Wei-jun.The detection and study on airglow spectra in middle and upper atmosphere[D].Beijing:Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2016.]
[18]黄美丽,王大轶,冯昊,等.基于实测数据的大气密度反演方法及应用研究[J].宇航学报,2018,39(12):1419-1424.[Huang Mei-li,Wang Da-yi,Feng hao,et al.Method and application of atmosphere density retrieving based on measured data[J].Journal of Astronautics,2018,39(12):1419-1424.]
[19]许威.星点快速提取与高精度定位技术研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2013.[Xu Wei.Star fast extraction and high accuracy centroid estimation of star camera[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2013.]
[20]邹远磊.可见/红外波段黄道光光学特性分析[D].西安:西安电子科技大学,2012.[Zou Yuan-lei.Analysis of the characteristics of the zodiacal light in the visible and infrared band[D].Xi’an:Xidian University,2012.]
[21]Monet D G,Levine S E,Canzian B,et al.The USNO-B catalog[J].The Astronomical Journal,2003,125(2):984-993.
[22]Bertin E,Arnouts S.SExtractor:Software for source extraction[J].Astronomy and Astrophysics(Supplement Series),1996,117(2):393-404.