快速回转波近地表速度建模方法
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摘要
常规基于迭代反演的初至波层析近地表速度建模方法在大规模数据处理时计算量较大、耗时多。为了提高近地表建模的效率,发展了一种回转波快速近地表建模方法。该方法假设在最大炮检距范围内近地表速度横向不变但随深度线性变化。为了提高反演精度,在算法内部采用多基准面校正方法降低地表起伏对反演结果的影响;为了增强反演的稳定性,应用基于局部加权的稳定射线参数估计方法降低初至拾取误差对反演结果的影响。理论模型数据与实际数据测试验证了方法的有效性及高效性。
Conventional first-arrival travel time tomography based on iterative inversion is computationally intensive and time consuming,especially in a large-scale data processing.In order to improve the efficiency of near-surface modeling,a fast near-surface model building with turning wave is developed by assuming that the near-surface velocity is transversely constant within the maximum offset range and varies linearly with the depth.In order to improve the accuracy of inversion,a multi-datum correction method is adopted to reduce the influence of surface undulation on the inversion results.In order to enhance the stability of inversion,a local weighted ray parameter estimation is developed to increase the robustness with respect to noise.Synthetic and real data tests verify the validity and efficiency of the proposed method.
Conventional first-arrival travel time tomography based on iterative inversion is computationally intensive and time consuming,especially in a large-scale data processing.In order to improve the efficiency of near-surface modeling,a fast near-surface model building with turning wave is developed by assuming that the near-surface velocity is transversely constant within the maximum offset range and varies linearly with the depth.In order to improve the accuracy of inversion,a multi-datum correction method is adopted to reduce the influence of surface undulation on the inversion results.In order to enhance the stability of inversion,a local weighted ray parameter estimation is developed to increase the robustness with respect to noise.Synthetic and real data tests verify the validity and efficiency of the proposed method.
引文
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[24] 夏竹,张少华,王学军.中国西部复杂地区近地表特征与表层结构探讨[J].石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(4):414-424.XIA Zhu,ZHANG Shaohua,WANG Xuejun.Discussion on near-surface characters and structures in complex area of western China[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2003,38(4):414-424.
[25] 陆基孟.地震勘探原理[M].山东东营:石油大学出版社,1993.
[2] Zhu X H,Sixta D P,Angstman B G.Tomostatics:Turning-ray tomography + static corrections[J].The Leading Edge,1992,11(12):15-23.
[3] 曾庆才,曾同生,欧阳永林,等.复杂山地层析反演静校正新方法及应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2017,52(3):418-425,441.ZENG Qingcai,ZENG Tongsheng,OUYANG Yonglin,et al.A new tomographic inversion for static corrections in complex mountain areas[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2017,52(3):418-425,441.
[4] Sun C W,Jing P G,and Pu Y.Seismic imaging in the mountainous area of Southern China:Statics correction compared with migration from topography[C].SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2009,28:2965-2969.
[5] 王东,李文卉,熊登,等.静校正对波动方程叠前深度偏移成像效果的影响[J].石油地球物理勘探,2017,52(增刊2):76-80.WANG Dong,LI Wenhui,XIONG Deng,et al.Static corrections influence on wave equation prestack depth migration[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2017,52(S2):76-80.
[6] Schuster G T.Seismic Inversion[M].SEG,Tulsa,2017.
[7] Luo Y,Ma Y,Wu Y,et al.Full-traveltime inversion[J].Geophysics,2016,81(5):R261-R274.
[8] Fu L,Hanafi S M.Ray-tracing traveltime tomography vs wave-equation traveltime inversion for near-surface seismic land data[J].Interpretation,2017,5(3):1-35.
[9] Guust N.A Breviary of Seismic Tomography:Imaging the Interior of the Earth and Sun[M].Cambridge University Press,2008.
[10] Kennett B L N.On seismological reference models and the perceived nature of heterogeneity[J].Physics of the Earth & Planetary Interiors,2006,159(3):129-139.
[11] Diebold J B,Stoffa P L.The traveltime equation,tau-p mapping and inversion of common midpoint data[J].Geophysics,1981,46(3):238-254.
[12] Rühl T,Lüschen E.Inversion of first-break traveltime data of deep seismic reflection profiles[J].Geophysical Prospecting,2010,38(3):247-266.
[13] Nowack R L.Tomography and the Herglotz-Wiechert inverse formulation[J].Pure & Applied Geophysics,1990,133(2):305-315.
[14] Novotny O,Jansky J,Málek J.Some aspects of the application of the Wiechert-Herglotz method to refraction data from Western Bohemia[J].Acta Geodynamica Et Geomaterialia,2004,1(2):157-164.
[15] 胡自多,贺振华,王西文,等.无射线追踪层析静校正技术在黄土塬区的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2010,45(增刊1):94-100.HU Ziduo,HE Zhenhua,WANG Xiwen,et al.Application of non ray-tracing tomography static correction technique in Loess Plateau[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2010,45(S1):94-100.
[16] 徐涛,徐果明,张忠杰,等.利用地震初至波反演浅层地壳速度结构的快速Wiechert-Herglotz方法[C].中国地球科学联合学术年会,2014.
[17] Shi T K,Zhang J Z,Huang Z,et al.A layer-stripping method for 3d near-surface velocity model building using seismic first-arrival times[J].Journal of Earth Science,2015,26(4):502-507.
[18] Cerveny V.Seismic Ray Theory[M].Cambridge University Press,2001.
[19] William H.Numerical Recipes[M].Cambridge Uni-versity Press,1986.
[20] Cleveland W S.Robust locally weighted regression and smoothing scatterplots[J].Journal of the American Statistical Association,1979,74(368):829-836.
[21] Taillandier C,Noble M,Chauris H,et al.First-arrival traveltime tomography based on the adjoint-state method[J].Geophysics,2009,74(6):WCB1-WCB10.
[22] 郑鸿明,吕焕通,娄兵,等.地震勘探近地表异常校正[M].北京:石油工业出版,2009.
[23] Williamson P R,Worthington M H.Resolution limits in ray tomography due to wave behavior:Numerical experiments[J].Geophysics,1993,58(5):727-735.
[24] 夏竹,张少华,王学军.中国西部复杂地区近地表特征与表层结构探讨[J].石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(4):414-424.XIA Zhu,ZHANG Shaohua,WANG Xuejun.Discussion on near-surface characters and structures in complex area of western China[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2003,38(4):414-424.
[25] 陆基孟.地震勘探原理[M].山东东营:石油大学出版社,1993.