基于博弈论能耗均衡的分簇路由协议
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摘要
针对物联网温室小气候环境监测系统,分析了温室监测子网的网络拓扑结构,发现节点间沉重的中继负载会使节点很快死亡,导致网络服务中断。为了降低无线传感网的能耗,均衡节点任务的分配,提出一种基于博弈论能耗均衡的分簇路由协议(game theory based on energy density cluslering routing,GDCR)。将网络中簇头看作博弈参与者,赋予簇头理性判断的能力,根据节点理性偏好构建一个簇头能量、密度和链路质量为效益的完全信息静态博弈模型,并通过纳什均衡寻找能耗均衡、链路稳定的最优传输链路。仿真结果表明,GDCR与LEACH相比能量消耗降低12.5%,丢包率降低53.48%。GDCR协议可使整个网络在宏观上达到能耗均衡,延长整个网络的生存周期。
According to the greenhouse microclimatic environment monitoring system,we analyzed the network topology of the greenhouse monitoring subnet and found that the heavy relay load between the nodes might cause the node to die quickly and network service might be interrupted.Therefore,it is a research hot for wireless sensor network to reduce the energy consumption of the nodes.The existing studies utilized the idea of clustering to achieve the balance of network energy consumption,but these methods had the shortcomings of uneven density and unstable number of cluster heads,which might have impact on the survival time of the entire network.To solve this problem,a density clustering routing algorithm based on game theory(GDCR)is proposed.In the clustering stage,the radius of the cluster is determined by the density of the sink node and the residual energy of the cluster head to the sink node.In the inter-cluster communication stage,by establishing agame model with the node residual energy and using link stability as the benefit,the Nash equilibrium solution is used to seek the optimal transmission path of energy consumption balance and high link stability.Simulation results show that GDCR's energy consumption and packet loss rate are reduced respectively by 12.5% and 53.48%,and thereby prolong the life cycle of the network.
According to the greenhouse microclimatic environment monitoring system,we analyzed the network topology of the greenhouse monitoring subnet and found that the heavy relay load between the nodes might cause the node to die quickly and network service might be interrupted.Therefore,it is a research hot for wireless sensor network to reduce the energy consumption of the nodes.The existing studies utilized the idea of clustering to achieve the balance of network energy consumption,but these methods had the shortcomings of uneven density and unstable number of cluster heads,which might have impact on the survival time of the entire network.To solve this problem,a density clustering routing algorithm based on game theory(GDCR)is proposed.In the clustering stage,the radius of the cluster is determined by the density of the sink node and the residual energy of the cluster head to the sink node.In the inter-cluster communication stage,by establishing agame model with the node residual energy and using link stability as the benefit,the Nash equilibrium solution is used to seek the optimal transmission path of energy consumption balance and high link stability.Simulation results show that GDCR's energy consumption and packet loss rate are reduced respectively by 12.5% and 53.48%,and thereby prolong the life cycle of the network.
引文
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[13]荆文礼,乐红兵.概率转发的AODV路由协议的改进[J].中国科技论文在线,2011,6(10):711-715.JING Wenli,LE Hongbing.Improvement of AODVrouting protocol for probabilistic forwarding[J].Sciencepaper Online,2011,6(10):711-715.(in Chinese)
[2]秦丹阳,贾爽,王尔馥,等.无线传感器网络基于树的路由安全模型研究[J].中国科技论文,2015,10(20):2343-2350.QIN Danyang,JIA Shuang,WANG Erfu,et al.Research on tree-based routing security model for wireless sensor networks[J].China Sciencepaper,2015,10(20):2343-2350.(in Chinese)
[3]严斌亨,刘军,齐华,等.基于信息素的无线传感器网络LEACH-M协议改进[J].中国科技论文,2016,11(8):946-950.YAN Binheng,LIU Jun,QI Hua,et al.An improved LEACH-M protocol in wireless sensor network based on pheromone[J].China Sciencepaper,2016,11(8):946-950.(in Chinese)
[4]张瑞华,贾智平,程舍友.基于非均匀分簇和最小能耗的无线传感器网络路由算法[J].上海交通大学学报,2012,46(11):1774-1778.ZHANG Ruihua,JIA Zhiping,CHENG Sheyou.The routing algorithm for WSNs based on unequal clustering and minimum energy consumption[J].Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University,2012,46(11):1774-1778.(in Chinese)
[5]张荣博,曹建福.利用蚁群优化的非均匀分簇无线传感器网络路由算法[J].西安交通大学学报,2010,44(6):33-38.ZHANG Rongbo,CAO Jianfu.Uneven clustering routing algorithm for wireless sensor networks based on ant colony optimization[J].Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University,2010,44(6):33-38.(in Chinese)
[6]何玉辉.一种基于无线网络的多信道通信协议的应用研究[J].电子设计工程,2017,25(10):156-157.HE Yuhui.On the application of multi-channel communication protocol based wireless network[J].Electronic Design Engineering,2017,25(10):156-157.(in Chinese)
[7]石闪,施伟斌,朱蓓.一种针对无线传感器网络LEACH协议的改进算法[J].电子科技,2017,30(4):95-97.SHI Shan,SHI Weibin,ZHU Bei.An improved algorithm for LEACH protocol in wireless sensor networks[J].Electronic Science and Technology,2017,30(4):95-97.(in Chinese)
[8]尹翔,常丽萍,戴维超,等.一种优化的基于博弈论的无线传感器网络区域分簇算法[J].计算机科学,2017,44(3):123-127.YI Xiang,CHANG Liping,DAI Weichao.Optimized clustering wireless sensor network algorithm based on game theory[J].Computer Science,2017,44(3):123-127.(in Chinese)
[9]方阳阳.四位一体温室监控系统的设计及节点部署研究[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2016.FANG Yangyang.Design of“Four in one”greenhouse monitoring system and research on monitoring nodes deployment[D].Taian:Shandong Agricultural University,2016.(in Chinese)
[10]何超,王琨.一种非均匀分簇的路由算法[J].计算机科学,2017,44(8):60-63.HE Chao,WANG Kun.Non-uniform clustering routing algorithm[J].Computer Science,2017,44(8):60-63.(in Chinese)
[11]曹建玲,陈永超,任智,等.基于多轮分簇的无线传感器网络路由协议[J].计算机科学,2013,40(7):67-70.CAO Jianling,CHEN Yongchao,REN Zhi,et al.Multi-round cluster based multi-hop clusting routing protocol for wireless sensor networks[J].Computer Science,2013,40(7):67-70.(in Chinese)
[12]杨华,李志远.一种加入稳定性的备份按需距离矢量路由协议[J].中国科技论文,2012,7(7):514-517.YANG Hua,LI Zhiyuan.A back-up Ad hoc on-demand distance vector routing protocol with enhances[J].China Sciencepaper,2012,7(7):514-517.(in Chinese)
[13]荆文礼,乐红兵.概率转发的AODV路由协议的改进[J].中国科技论文在线,2011,6(10):711-715.JING Wenli,LE Hongbing.Improvement of AODVrouting protocol for probabilistic forwarding[J].Sciencepaper Online,2011,6(10):711-715.(in Chinese)