不同林分密度华北落叶松人工林土壤养分特征
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摘要
为了研究不同林分密度华北落叶松人工林土壤养分的变化,以河北省木兰围场内落叶松人工林为研究对象,系统采集了区域内土壤表层及深层样品,采用方差分析、克拉克插值法等分析方法,研究了林分密度对土壤有机质、全氮、全磷质量分数及空间分布的影响.结果表明:该区域0～20 cm土壤有机质、全氮、全磷质量分数最高,分别为65.23,2.99,0.25 g/kg. 40～60 cm土壤有机质、全氮、全磷质量分数最低,分别为25.85,1.79,0.19 g/kg.相同土层深度下,未经人工抚育的样地土壤有机质、全氮、全磷质量分数明显高于其他受到人为干预过的样地,同时,随着林分密度的增加,土壤有机质、全氮、全磷质量分数呈现先增大后减小的趋势.对比3块典型样地空间格局得出,该区域土壤有机质、全氮、全磷的空间相关性较大,表现为在东北方向上占优势.林分密度与土壤养分表现出显著的相关性,华北落叶松表现出一定的异质性空间分布特征.
The research object has been conducted in forest farm of Mulan Forestry Authority in Hebei Province in order to study the changes of soil nutrients in Larix principis rupprechtii plantation with different stand density. The effects of stand density on soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus content and spatial distribution have been studied by means of variance analysis and Clark interpolation. The results show that the content of soil organic matter, total nitrogen and total phosphorus are the highest in the 0-20 cm layer, which were 65.23 g/kg, 2.99 g/kg and 0.25 g/kg respectively. The content of soil organic matter, total nitrogen and total phosphorus are the lowest in the 40-60 cm layer, which are 25.85 g/kg, 1.79 g/kg and 0.19 g/kg respectively. Under the same soil depth, the content of soil organic matter, total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the soil without artificial rearing is significantly higher than other man-made plots. Meanwhile, with the increasing of stand density, the content of soil organic matter, total nitrogen and total phosphorus increased first and then decreased. Compared with the three typical plots, the spatial correlation of soil organic matter, total nitrogen and total phosphorus have greater relevance, showing the superiority in Northeast China. Stand density is closely related to soil nutrients, Larix principis rupprechtii shows heterogeneous spatial distribution characteristics.
The research object has been conducted in forest farm of Mulan Forestry Authority in Hebei Province in order to study the changes of soil nutrients in Larix principis rupprechtii plantation with different stand density. The effects of stand density on soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus content and spatial distribution have been studied by means of variance analysis and Clark interpolation. The results show that the content of soil organic matter, total nitrogen and total phosphorus are the highest in the 0-20 cm layer, which were 65.23 g/kg, 2.99 g/kg and 0.25 g/kg respectively. The content of soil organic matter, total nitrogen and total phosphorus are the lowest in the 40-60 cm layer, which are 25.85 g/kg, 1.79 g/kg and 0.19 g/kg respectively. Under the same soil depth, the content of soil organic matter, total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the soil without artificial rearing is significantly higher than other man-made plots. Meanwhile, with the increasing of stand density, the content of soil organic matter, total nitrogen and total phosphorus increased first and then decreased. Compared with the three typical plots, the spatial correlation of soil organic matter, total nitrogen and total phosphorus have greater relevance, showing the superiority in Northeast China. Stand density is closely related to soil nutrients, Larix principis rupprechtii shows heterogeneous spatial distribution characteristics.
引文
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[17] 漆良华,张旭东,周金星,等.湘西北小流域不同植被恢复区土壤微生物数量、 生物量碳氮及其分形特征 [J].林业科学,2009,45(8):14-20.
[18] 詹媛媛,薛梓瑜,任伟,等.干旱荒漠区不同灌木根际与非根际土壤氮素的含量特征 [J].生态学报,2009,29(1):59-66.
[19] 纪文婧,程小琴,韩海荣,等.山西太岳山好地方典型植被类型土壤理化特征 [J].生态学杂志,2016,35(1):141-148.
[20] 马芳芳,贾翔,赵卫,等.间伐强度对辽东落叶松人工林土壤理化性质的影响 [J].生态学杂志,2017,36(4):971-977.
[21] BAI S H,DEMPSEY R,REVERCHON F,et al.Effects of Forest Thinning on Soil-plant Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics [J].Plant &Soil,2016,411(1-2):1-13.
[22] 叶钰倩,赵家豪,刘畅,等.间伐对马尾松人工林根际土壤氮含量及酶活性的影响 [J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2018,42(3):193-198.
[23] 李晓莎,李倩茹,许中旗,等.冀北山地华北落叶松人工林与杨桦次生林的土壤养分差异 [J].中南林业科技大学学报,2017,37(9):20-26.
[24] 耿增超,张社奇,王国栋,等.黄土高原油松人工林地土壤养分及化学性质的时空效应 [J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2006,34(8):98-104.
[25] 张红霞,魏方方,王家顺,等.安顺山药根茎与土壤中矿质元素相关性分析 [J].西南大学学报(自然科学版),2017,38(5):31-36.
[26] 张瑞,戴伟,庞欢,等.北京市北运河流域耕地土壤性质空间变异性 [J].生态学杂志,2014,33(12):3368-3373.
[27] 张娜,王希华,郑泽梅,等.浙江天童常绿阔叶林土壤的空间异质性及其与地形的关系 [J].应用生态学报,2012,23(9):2361-2369.
[28] 冉烈,游玉明,李会合.重庆垫江牡丹主生产区土壤养分含量现状及评价 [J].西南师范大学学报(自然科学版),2015,40(1):73-78.
[2] 乌云.大青山油松人工林土壤物理特征及水分动态研究 [D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2008.
[3] 黄昌勇.土壤学 [M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000.
[4] REICH P B,HOBBIE S E,LEE T,et al.Nitrogen Limitation Constrains Sustainability of Ecosystem Response to CO2 [J].Nature,2006,440(7086):922-925.
[5] 赵琼,曾德慧.陆地生态系统磷素循环及其影响因素 [J].植物生态学报,2005,29(1):153-163.
[6] 詹书侠,陈伏生,胡小飞,等.中亚热带丘陵红壤区森林演替典型阶段土壤氮磷有效性 [J].生态学报,2009,29(9):4673-4680.
[7] 林开淼,郭剑芬,杨智杰,等.不同林龄人促天然更新林土壤磷素形态及有效性分析 [J].中南林业科技大学学报(自然科学版),2014,34(9):6-11.
[8] SAYER E J,TANNER E V J,YAVITT J B,et al.Variable Responses of Lowland Tropical Forest Nutrient Status to Fertilization and Litter Manipulation [J].Ecosystems,2012,15(3):387-400.
[9] MARTINSON G O,CORRE M D,VELDKAMP E.Responses of Nitrous Oxide Fluxes and Soil Nitrogen Cycling to Nutrient Additions in Montane Forests along an Elevation Gradient in Southern Ecuador [J].Biogeochemistry,2013,112(1-3):625-636.
[10] LAUBER C L,STRICKLAND M S,BRADFORD M A,et al.The Influence of Soil Properties on the Structure of Bacterial and Fungal Communities Across Land-use Types [J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2008,40(9):2407-2415.
[11] 盛炜彤.杉木林的密度管理与长期生产力研究 [J].林业科学,2001,37(5):2-9.
[12] 康冰,刘世荣,蔡道雄,等.马尾松人工林林分密度对林下植被及土壤性质的影响 [J].应用生态学报,2009,20(10):2323-2331.
[13] 邵方丽,余新晓,杨志坚,等.北京山区典型森林土壤的养分空间变异与环境因子的关系 [J].应用基础与工程科学学报,2012,20(4),581-591.
[14] 陈庆强,沈承德,孙彦敏,等.鼎湖山土壤有机质深度分布的剖面演化机制 [J].土壤学报,2005,42(1):1-8.
[15] 马云波,许中旗,张岩,等.冀北山区华北落叶松人工林对土壤化学性质的影响 [J].水土保持学报,2015,29(4):165-170.
[16] 薛立,邝立刚,陈红跃,等.不同林分土壤养分、 微生物与酶活性的研究 [J].土壤学报,2003,40(2):280-285.
[17] 漆良华,张旭东,周金星,等.湘西北小流域不同植被恢复区土壤微生物数量、 生物量碳氮及其分形特征 [J].林业科学,2009,45(8):14-20.
[18] 詹媛媛,薛梓瑜,任伟,等.干旱荒漠区不同灌木根际与非根际土壤氮素的含量特征 [J].生态学报,2009,29(1):59-66.
[19] 纪文婧,程小琴,韩海荣,等.山西太岳山好地方典型植被类型土壤理化特征 [J].生态学杂志,2016,35(1):141-148.
[20] 马芳芳,贾翔,赵卫,等.间伐强度对辽东落叶松人工林土壤理化性质的影响 [J].生态学杂志,2017,36(4):971-977.
[21] BAI S H,DEMPSEY R,REVERCHON F,et al.Effects of Forest Thinning on Soil-plant Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics [J].Plant &Soil,2016,411(1-2):1-13.
[22] 叶钰倩,赵家豪,刘畅,等.间伐对马尾松人工林根际土壤氮含量及酶活性的影响 [J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2018,42(3):193-198.
[23] 李晓莎,李倩茹,许中旗,等.冀北山地华北落叶松人工林与杨桦次生林的土壤养分差异 [J].中南林业科技大学学报,2017,37(9):20-26.
[24] 耿增超,张社奇,王国栋,等.黄土高原油松人工林地土壤养分及化学性质的时空效应 [J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2006,34(8):98-104.
[25] 张红霞,魏方方,王家顺,等.安顺山药根茎与土壤中矿质元素相关性分析 [J].西南大学学报(自然科学版),2017,38(5):31-36.
[26] 张瑞,戴伟,庞欢,等.北京市北运河流域耕地土壤性质空间变异性 [J].生态学杂志,2014,33(12):3368-3373.
[27] 张娜,王希华,郑泽梅,等.浙江天童常绿阔叶林土壤的空间异质性及其与地形的关系 [J].应用生态学报,2012,23(9):2361-2369.
[28] 冉烈,游玉明,李会合.重庆垫江牡丹主生产区土壤养分含量现状及评价 [J].西南师范大学学报(自然科学版),2015,40(1):73-78.
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