基于岩石物理正演分析的低渗储层叠前反演方法研究
|
摘要
研究区位于珠江口盆地文昌坳陷珠三南大断裂下降盘附近,主力气组珠海组二段、三段储层为典型的低孔、低渗储层,储层孔隙结构复杂,非均质性强,纵波阻抗叠置,基于叠后数据的储层预测存在多解性.针对这一问题,本文深入剖析岩石物理建模全过程,在测井资料一致性处理基础上,选用改进的Xu-White模型建立能反映本区岩石物理特征的模型,准确地预测横波曲线、密度曲线等测井曲线,为叠前储层描述提供了可靠的基础资料;同时建立基于岩石物理建模的解释量版优选储层的敏感弹性参数,并结合叠前弹性反演技术提高了气层的识别精度,从而定性或半定量判断低孔渗砂岩储层的含气性,为气田的勘探与开发提供有力技术支撑.
The project area is located in the lower plate of the south big fault in Pearl River Mouth Basin. The second and three member of Zhuhai formation reservoir is a typical low porosity, low permeability, high hererogeneity and P-wave impedance superposition. So an accurate reservoir prediction cannot be done by methods on post-stack seismic data. Therefore a method for reservoir prediction on pre-stack seismic data is needed to predict gas reservoir with rock physics and pre-stack seismic inversion, and to provide more information for future exploration. For this propose, this paper focuses on rock physics modeling, seismic processing with logging calibration, and iteration parameter optimization. Accurate S-wave velocity and density logs are calculated for reservoir characterization on pre-stack seismic data. Furthermore rock physics templates improve the accuracy of gas prediction on pre-stack seismic inversion.
The project area is located in the lower plate of the south big fault in Pearl River Mouth Basin. The second and three member of Zhuhai formation reservoir is a typical low porosity, low permeability, high hererogeneity and P-wave impedance superposition. So an accurate reservoir prediction cannot be done by methods on post-stack seismic data. Therefore a method for reservoir prediction on pre-stack seismic data is needed to predict gas reservoir with rock physics and pre-stack seismic inversion, and to provide more information for future exploration. For this propose, this paper focuses on rock physics modeling, seismic processing with logging calibration, and iteration parameter optimization. Accurate S-wave velocity and density logs are calculated for reservoir characterization on pre-stack seismic data. Furthermore rock physics templates improve the accuracy of gas prediction on pre-stack seismic inversion.
引文
Batzle M,Wang Z. 1992. Seismic properties of pore fluids [J]. Geophysics,57(11): 1396-1408.
Berryman J G. 1980. Long-wavelength propagation in composite elastic media II. Ellipsoidal inclusions [J]. Acoust Soc Am,68(B): 1809-1831.
Dou Y T,Wang D X,Shi S Q,et al. 2017. Tight sandstone effective reservoir prediction in the desert area using full digital seismic technology [J]. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),32(1): 128-134,doi: 10.6038/pg20170117.窦玉坛,王大兴,史松群,等. 2017. 基于全数字地震的叠前技术解决沙漠区致密砂岩有效储层预测问题[J]. 地球物理学进展,32(1): 128-134,doi: 10.6038/pg20170117.
Dun Z P. 2015. Study on tight sandstone reservoir prediction in Yingzijie area,Huiming Sag [J]. Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum (in Chinese),54(2): 241-248.顿宗萍. 2015. 惠民凹陷营子街地区深层致密砂岩储层含油性预测[J]. 石油物探,54(2): 241-248.
Hashin Z,Shtrikman S. 1963. A variational approach to the theory of the elastic behaviour of multiphase materials [J]. Mech. Phys. Solids,11(2): 127-140.
Krief M,Garat J,Stellingwerff J,et al. 1990. A petrophysical interpretation using the velocities of P and S waves [J]. The Log Analyst,31(11): 355-369.
Kuster G T,Toks?z M N. 1974. Velocity and attenuation of seismic waves in two-phase media Part II. experimental results [J]. Geophysics,39(5): 607- 618.
Lee M W. 2006. A simple method of predicting S-Wave velocity [J]. Geophysics,71(6): F161-F164.
Lü Q B,Sun Z X. 2012. Application of rockphysics chart to quantitative reservoir interpretation [J]. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),27(2): 610- 618,doi: 10.6038/j.issn.1004-2903.2012.02.025.吕其彪,孙作兴. 2012. 岩石物理模版在储层定量解释中的应用[J]. 地球物理学进展,27(2): 610- 618,doi: 10.6038/j.issn.1004-2903.2012.02.025.
Wyllie M R J,Gregory A R,Gardner L W. 1956. Elastic wave velocities in heterogeneous and porous media [J]. Geophysics,21(1): 41-70.
Xu S,White R E. 1995. A new velocity model for clay-sand mixtu res1 [J]. Geophys. Prosp.,43(1): 91-118.
Yu C Q,Shao J Z,Wang X W,et al. 2010. The application of AVO technique to compact sandstone reservoirs in the Dingbei area of Ordos basin [J]. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),25(4): 1273-1279,doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-2903.2010.04.015.于常青,邵建中,王香文,等. 2010. 鄂尔多斯盆地定北地区致密砂岩储层AVO研究及应用[J]. 地球物理学进展,25(4): 1273-1279,doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-2903.2010.04.015.
Zhu J M,Li L,Yang W,et al. 2013. Multi-azimuth seismic data applied analysis on the exploration and development of Wenchang sag [J]. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),28(5): 2587-2596,doi: 10.6038/pg20130538.朱江梅,李列,杨薇,等. 2013. 多方位角地震资料在文昌凹陷勘探开发中的应用分析[J]. 地球物理学进展,28(5): 2587-2596,doi: 10.6038/pg20130538.
?degaard E,Avseth P. 2004. Well log and seismic data analysis using rock physics templates [J]. First Break,22(10): 37- 43.
Berryman J G. 1980. Long-wavelength propagation in composite elastic media II. Ellipsoidal inclusions [J]. Acoust Soc Am,68(B): 1809-1831.
Dou Y T,Wang D X,Shi S Q,et al. 2017. Tight sandstone effective reservoir prediction in the desert area using full digital seismic technology [J]. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),32(1): 128-134,doi: 10.6038/pg20170117.窦玉坛,王大兴,史松群,等. 2017. 基于全数字地震的叠前技术解决沙漠区致密砂岩有效储层预测问题[J]. 地球物理学进展,32(1): 128-134,doi: 10.6038/pg20170117.
Dun Z P. 2015. Study on tight sandstone reservoir prediction in Yingzijie area,Huiming Sag [J]. Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum (in Chinese),54(2): 241-248.顿宗萍. 2015. 惠民凹陷营子街地区深层致密砂岩储层含油性预测[J]. 石油物探,54(2): 241-248.
Hashin Z,Shtrikman S. 1963. A variational approach to the theory of the elastic behaviour of multiphase materials [J]. Mech. Phys. Solids,11(2): 127-140.
Krief M,Garat J,Stellingwerff J,et al. 1990. A petrophysical interpretation using the velocities of P and S waves [J]. The Log Analyst,31(11): 355-369.
Kuster G T,Toks?z M N. 1974. Velocity and attenuation of seismic waves in two-phase media Part II. experimental results [J]. Geophysics,39(5): 607- 618.
Lee M W. 2006. A simple method of predicting S-Wave velocity [J]. Geophysics,71(6): F161-F164.
Lü Q B,Sun Z X. 2012. Application of rockphysics chart to quantitative reservoir interpretation [J]. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),27(2): 610- 618,doi: 10.6038/j.issn.1004-2903.2012.02.025.吕其彪,孙作兴. 2012. 岩石物理模版在储层定量解释中的应用[J]. 地球物理学进展,27(2): 610- 618,doi: 10.6038/j.issn.1004-2903.2012.02.025.
Wyllie M R J,Gregory A R,Gardner L W. 1956. Elastic wave velocities in heterogeneous and porous media [J]. Geophysics,21(1): 41-70.
Xu S,White R E. 1995. A new velocity model for clay-sand mixtu res1 [J]. Geophys. Prosp.,43(1): 91-118.
Yu C Q,Shao J Z,Wang X W,et al. 2010. The application of AVO technique to compact sandstone reservoirs in the Dingbei area of Ordos basin [J]. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),25(4): 1273-1279,doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-2903.2010.04.015.于常青,邵建中,王香文,等. 2010. 鄂尔多斯盆地定北地区致密砂岩储层AVO研究及应用[J]. 地球物理学进展,25(4): 1273-1279,doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-2903.2010.04.015.
Zhu J M,Li L,Yang W,et al. 2013. Multi-azimuth seismic data applied analysis on the exploration and development of Wenchang sag [J]. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),28(5): 2587-2596,doi: 10.6038/pg20130538.朱江梅,李列,杨薇,等. 2013. 多方位角地震资料在文昌凹陷勘探开发中的应用分析[J]. 地球物理学进展,28(5): 2587-2596,doi: 10.6038/pg20130538.
?degaard E,Avseth P. 2004. Well log and seismic data analysis using rock physics templates [J]. First Break,22(10): 37- 43.