直流偏磁下变压器运行状态量化评估方法
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摘要
针对现有的变压器状态评估方法难以有效量化直流偏磁及其持续时间对变压器状态影响的问题,在分析直流偏磁下变压器振动强度、噪声、油温温升的变化规律的基础上,结合专家知识,采用降半柯西分布函数建立了直流偏磁下振动加剧的量化评估模型,采用指数分布函数建立了直流偏磁下噪声增加的量化评估模型,采用降半正态分布函数建立了直流偏磁下油温温升增加的量化评估模型。采用层次分析法(AHP)对3种量化评估结果进行综合,形成了考虑直流偏磁持续时间的变压器状态评估修正因子,实现了对直流偏磁影响的量化,为制定相应的应对策略提供技术参考。通过实例验证了所提方法的合理性。
Aiming at the problem that it is difficult to effectively quantify the influence of DC bias and its duration on transformer state by existing methods for transformer state assessment,based on the change law analysis of the vibration intensity,noise and oil temperature rise under DC bias and combined with the expert knowledge,a quantitative evaluation model of vibration aggravation under DC bias is established adopting the semi-Cauchy distribution function,the quantitative model of noise increase under DC bias is established adopting the exponential distribution function and the quantitative model of oil temperature increase under DC bias is established adopting the semi-normal distribution function. AHP is used to synthesize the results of the above three kinds of quantitative evaluation,and the correction factor of transformer state assessment considering the duration time of DC bias is formed,which can quantify the influence of DC bias and provide technical reference for making the corresponding countermeasures. The correctness of the proposed method are verified by case study.
Aiming at the problem that it is difficult to effectively quantify the influence of DC bias and its duration on transformer state by existing methods for transformer state assessment,based on the change law analysis of the vibration intensity,noise and oil temperature rise under DC bias and combined with the expert knowledge,a quantitative evaluation model of vibration aggravation under DC bias is established adopting the semi-Cauchy distribution function,the quantitative model of noise increase under DC bias is established adopting the exponential distribution function and the quantitative model of oil temperature increase under DC bias is established adopting the semi-normal distribution function. AHP is used to synthesize the results of the above three kinds of quantitative evaluation,and the correction factor of transformer state assessment considering the duration time of DC bias is formed,which can quantify the influence of DC bias and provide technical reference for making the corresponding countermeasures. The correctness of the proposed method are verified by case study.
引文
[1]于发威.基于物元理论的电力变压器运行状态分级评估[D].郑州:郑州大学,2010.YU Fawei. Classification evaluation of transformer operation condition based on matter-element theory[D]. Zhengzhou:Zhengzhou University,2010.
[2]赖昱光,管霖,王滔,等.基于模糊综合评判的直流输电系统检修时机选择方法[J].电力自动化设备,2014,34(9):90-95.LAI Yuguang,GUAN Lin,WANG Tao,et al. HVDC maintenance timing based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment,2014,34(9):90-95.
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[6]潘超,王梦纯,蔡国伟,等.单相变压器在不同直流注入方式下的偏磁效应[J].电力自动化设备,2014,34(8):128-134.PAN Chao,WANG Mengchun,CAI Guowei,et al. DC-bias effect of single-phase transformer in different DC-injection modes[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2014,34(8):128-134.
[7]李泓志,崔翔,刘东升,等.直流偏磁对三相电力变压器的影响[J].电工技术学报,2010,25(5):88-96.LI Hongzhi,CUI Xiang,LIU Dongsheng,et al. Influence on threephase power transformer by DC bias excitation[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2010,25(5):88-96.
[8]郭洁,黄海,唐昕,等. 500 kV电力变压器偏磁振动分析[J].电网技术,2012,36(3):70-75.GUO Jie,HUANG Hai,TANG Xin,et al. Analysis on 500 kV power transformer vibration under DC magnetic biasing[J]. Power System Technology,2012,36(3):70-75.
[9]蒋跃强,李红雷,周行星,等.变压器直流偏磁的振动特性研究[J].华东电力,2009,37(1):132-136.JIANG Yueqiang,LI Honglei,ZHOU Xingxing,et al. Study of vibration of transformers under DC bias[J]. East China Electric Power,2009,37(1):132-136.
[10]邵宇鹰,饶柱石,谢坡岸,等.预紧力对变压器绕组固有频率的影响[J].噪声与控制,2006,12(6):50-53.SHAO Yuying,RAO Zhushi,XIE Po'an,et al. The influence of precompression changing on the natural frequency of electric transformers windings[J]. Nosie and Control,2006,12(6):50-53.
[11]李长云,刘亚魁.直流偏磁时变压器铁芯的力学特性分析[J].电力自动化设备,2015,35(12):122-125.LI Changyun,LIU Yakui. Analysis of mechanical characteristics of transformer iron core with DC bias[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment,2015,35(12):122-125.
[12]全江涛,谢志成,陈科基,等.特/超高压直流输电系统单极运行下变压器中性点直流电流分布规律仿真分析[J].高电压技术,2015,41(3):787-795.QUAN Jiangtao,XIE Zhicheng,CHEN Keji,et al. Mechanism analysis and simulation of DC current distribution along transformer neutral point under the condition of UHVDC/HVDC single-pole operation[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(3):787-795.
[13]张艳丽,王佳音,白保东,等.直流偏磁磁场对硅钢片磁致伸缩特性的影响分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(15):4299-4306.ZHANG Yanli,WANG Jiayin,BAI Baodong,et al. Influence analysis of DC biased magnetic field on magnetostrictive characteristics of silicon steel sheet[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(15):4299-4306.
[14]蒯狄正.电网设备直流偏磁影响检测分析与控制[D].南京:南京理工大学,2005.KUAI Dizheng. Inspection analysis and restraining of DC transmission on power grid equipment[D]. Nanjing:Nanjing University of Science and Technology,2005.
[15]姚缨英.大型电力变压器直流偏磁现象的研究[D].沈阳:沈阳工业大学,2000.YAO Yingying. Research on the DC bias phenomena of large power transformers[D]. Shenyang:Shenyang University of Technology,2000.
[16]国连玉,李可军,梁永亮,等.基于灰色模糊综合评判的高压断路器状态评估[J].电力自动化设备,2014,34(11):161-167.GUO Lianyu,LI Kejun,LIANG Yongliang,et al. HV circuit breaker state assessment based on gray-fuzzy comprehensive evaluation[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2014,34(11):161-167.
[17]巫伟南,杨军,胡文平,等.考虑输电线路故障特性的电网综合风险评估体系[J].电力自动化设备,2014,34(6):129-134.WU Weinan,YANG Jun,HU Wenping,et al. Power grid risk assessment system considering characteristics of transmission line failure[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment,2014,34(6):129-134.
[2]赖昱光,管霖,王滔,等.基于模糊综合评判的直流输电系统检修时机选择方法[J].电力自动化设备,2014,34(9):90-95.LAI Yuguang,GUAN Lin,WANG Tao,et al. HVDC maintenance timing based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment,2014,34(9):90-95.
[3]石少伟,王可,陈力,等.基于模糊综合评价和贝叶斯判别的电力变压器状态判别和预警[J].电力自动化设备,2016,36(9):60-66.SHI Shaowei,WANG Ke,CHEN Li,et al. Power transformer status evaluation and warning based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and Bayes discrimination[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment,2016,36(9):60-66.
[4]田丰.基于改进灰靶理论的变压器状态评估[D].北京:华北电力大学,2011.TIAN Feng. Transformer condition assessment based on improved grey target theory[D]. Beijing:North China Electric Power University,2013.
[5]国家电网公司.油浸式变压器(电抗器)状态评价导则:Q/GDW169—2008[S].北京:中国电力出版社,2008.
[6]潘超,王梦纯,蔡国伟,等.单相变压器在不同直流注入方式下的偏磁效应[J].电力自动化设备,2014,34(8):128-134.PAN Chao,WANG Mengchun,CAI Guowei,et al. DC-bias effect of single-phase transformer in different DC-injection modes[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2014,34(8):128-134.
[7]李泓志,崔翔,刘东升,等.直流偏磁对三相电力变压器的影响[J].电工技术学报,2010,25(5):88-96.LI Hongzhi,CUI Xiang,LIU Dongsheng,et al. Influence on threephase power transformer by DC bias excitation[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2010,25(5):88-96.
[8]郭洁,黄海,唐昕,等. 500 kV电力变压器偏磁振动分析[J].电网技术,2012,36(3):70-75.GUO Jie,HUANG Hai,TANG Xin,et al. Analysis on 500 kV power transformer vibration under DC magnetic biasing[J]. Power System Technology,2012,36(3):70-75.
[9]蒋跃强,李红雷,周行星,等.变压器直流偏磁的振动特性研究[J].华东电力,2009,37(1):132-136.JIANG Yueqiang,LI Honglei,ZHOU Xingxing,et al. Study of vibration of transformers under DC bias[J]. East China Electric Power,2009,37(1):132-136.
[10]邵宇鹰,饶柱石,谢坡岸,等.预紧力对变压器绕组固有频率的影响[J].噪声与控制,2006,12(6):50-53.SHAO Yuying,RAO Zhushi,XIE Po'an,et al. The influence of precompression changing on the natural frequency of electric transformers windings[J]. Nosie and Control,2006,12(6):50-53.
[11]李长云,刘亚魁.直流偏磁时变压器铁芯的力学特性分析[J].电力自动化设备,2015,35(12):122-125.LI Changyun,LIU Yakui. Analysis of mechanical characteristics of transformer iron core with DC bias[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment,2015,35(12):122-125.
[12]全江涛,谢志成,陈科基,等.特/超高压直流输电系统单极运行下变压器中性点直流电流分布规律仿真分析[J].高电压技术,2015,41(3):787-795.QUAN Jiangtao,XIE Zhicheng,CHEN Keji,et al. Mechanism analysis and simulation of DC current distribution along transformer neutral point under the condition of UHVDC/HVDC single-pole operation[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(3):787-795.
[13]张艳丽,王佳音,白保东,等.直流偏磁磁场对硅钢片磁致伸缩特性的影响分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(15):4299-4306.ZHANG Yanli,WANG Jiayin,BAI Baodong,et al. Influence analysis of DC biased magnetic field on magnetostrictive characteristics of silicon steel sheet[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(15):4299-4306.
[14]蒯狄正.电网设备直流偏磁影响检测分析与控制[D].南京:南京理工大学,2005.KUAI Dizheng. Inspection analysis and restraining of DC transmission on power grid equipment[D]. Nanjing:Nanjing University of Science and Technology,2005.
[15]姚缨英.大型电力变压器直流偏磁现象的研究[D].沈阳:沈阳工业大学,2000.YAO Yingying. Research on the DC bias phenomena of large power transformers[D]. Shenyang:Shenyang University of Technology,2000.
[16]国连玉,李可军,梁永亮,等.基于灰色模糊综合评判的高压断路器状态评估[J].电力自动化设备,2014,34(11):161-167.GUO Lianyu,LI Kejun,LIANG Yongliang,et al. HV circuit breaker state assessment based on gray-fuzzy comprehensive evaluation[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2014,34(11):161-167.
[17]巫伟南,杨军,胡文平,等.考虑输电线路故障特性的电网综合风险评估体系[J].电力自动化设备,2014,34(6):129-134.WU Weinan,YANG Jun,HU Wenping,et al. Power grid risk assessment system considering characteristics of transmission line failure[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment,2014,34(6):129-134.