反应烧结法制备Al_3Ti颗粒增强Al基复合材料的研究
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摘要
采用反应烧结法制备出Al_3Ti颗粒增强Al基复合材料,探讨了Al-Ti体系粉末的反应过程,研究了复合材料的微观组织形态及性能。结果表明,不同成分的Al-Ti体系粉末反应烧结产物均由Al_3Ti和Al两个相组成,当Al-Ti体系中Al∶Ti的摩尔比超过3∶1时,过量的Al熔化吸收大量热量,反应3Al+Ti→Al_3Ti被推向高温。随着烧结温度升高,Al_3Ti颗粒尺寸增大,复合材料致密度降低;随着Al_3Ti质量分数由80%降低至60%,Al_3Ti颗粒数量减少、尺寸减小,Al基体所占比例增大,复合材料致密度提高。当Al_3Ti质量分数为60%时,烧结反应产物形貌为较小的Al_3Ti颗粒弥散分布在Al基体上,此时复合材料致密度最高,达到96. 67%。不同成分Al_3Ti/Al复合材料的硬度和耐磨性均显著高于Al基体,随着Al_3Ti质量分数由60%增加到80%,复合材料硬度由107 HV增加到158 HV,当Al_3Ti质量分数为60%时,复合材料的耐磨性最好。
Al_3 Ti particles reinforced Al matrix composites were fabricated successfully through reaction-sintering process.The reaction process of Al-Ti system was discussed.The microstructure and properties of the composites were also investigated.The results indicate that the Al-Ti system powders of different compositions are composed of two phases of Al_3 Ti and Al.When the molar ratio of Al∶ Ti in the Al-Ti system exceeds 3∶ 1,the excess Al melts and absorbs a large amount of heat.The reaction 3 Al + Ti→Al_3 Ti is pushed to occur at a high temperature.As the sintering temperature increases,the size of Al_3 Ti particles increase and the density of composites decrease.As the mass fraction of Al_3 Ti decreases from 80% to 60%,the number of Al_3 Ti particles decrease,the size decreases,and the proportion of Al matrix increases.The density of composite material increases.When the mass fraction of Al_3 Ti is60%,the morphology of reaction-sintered product is smaller and the Al_3 Ti particles are dispersed on the Al matrix.At this time,the density of the composite is the highest,reaching 96.67%.The hardness and wear resistance for each Al_3 Ti/Al composites with different compositions are significantly higher than those of the Al matrix.The hardness of composites increase from 107 HV to 158 HV as the mass fraction of Al_3 Ti increases from 60% to 80%.The composite with 60% Al_3 Ti content has the best wear resistance.
Al_3 Ti particles reinforced Al matrix composites were fabricated successfully through reaction-sintering process.The reaction process of Al-Ti system was discussed.The microstructure and properties of the composites were also investigated.The results indicate that the Al-Ti system powders of different compositions are composed of two phases of Al_3 Ti and Al.When the molar ratio of Al∶ Ti in the Al-Ti system exceeds 3∶ 1,the excess Al melts and absorbs a large amount of heat.The reaction 3 Al + Ti→Al_3 Ti is pushed to occur at a high temperature.As the sintering temperature increases,the size of Al_3 Ti particles increase and the density of composites decrease.As the mass fraction of Al_3 Ti decreases from 80% to 60%,the number of Al_3 Ti particles decrease,the size decreases,and the proportion of Al matrix increases.The density of composite material increases.When the mass fraction of Al_3 Ti is60%,the morphology of reaction-sintered product is smaller and the Al_3 Ti particles are dispersed on the Al matrix.At this time,the density of the composite is the highest,reaching 96.67%.The hardness and wear resistance for each Al_3 Ti/Al composites with different compositions are significantly higher than those of the Al matrix.The hardness of composites increase from 107 HV to 158 HV as the mass fraction of Al_3 Ti increases from 60% to 80%.The composite with 60% Al_3 Ti content has the best wear resistance.
引文
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[15]贺毅强.颗粒增强金属基复合材料的研究进展[J].热加工工艺,2012,41(2):133-136.HE Yiqiang. Development of particle reinforced metal matrix composite[J]. Material&Heat Treatment,2012,41(2):133-136.
[16]杨子润,茅奕舒,庞绍平,等. Mg-Al-TiO2体系反应烧结新型镁基复合材料[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2012(增刊2):800-803.YANG Zirun,MAO Yishu,PANG Shaoping,et al. Novel magnesium based composite through reaction sintering of Mg-Al-TiO2system[J]. Rare Metal Materials&Engineering,2012(s2):800-803.
[2]刘璠,何柏林.金属间化合物/陶瓷基复合材料发展现状与趋势[J].粉末冶金材料科学与工程,2007,12(1):8-12.LIU Pan,HE Bolin. Developmental status quo and trend of intermetallics/ceramic matrix composites[J]. Materials Science and Engineering of Powder Metallurgy,2007,12(1):8-12.
[3]陈玉勇,苏勇君,孔凡涛. Ti Al金属间化合物制备技术的研究进展[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2014,43(3):757-762.CHEN Yuyong, SU Yongjun, KONG Fantao. Research progress in preparation of Ti Al interemetallic based compound[J]. Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2014,43(3):757-762.
[4]戴起勋.金属材料学[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2012:217-227.DAI qixun. Metal material science[M]. Beijing:Chemistry Industry Press,2012:217-227.
[5]程玉洁,果春焕,周培俊,等.金属间化合物基层状复合材料Ti/Al3Ti制备技术及其研究进展[J].中国材料进展,2015,34(4):317-325.CHENG Yujie,GUO Chunhuan,ZHOU Peijun,et al.Synthesis techniques and research process of the metalintermetallic Laminate composites Ti/Al3Ti[J]. Materials China,2015,34(4):317-325.
[6]程军,朱圣宇,乔竹辉,等. Ti Al基金属间化合物的摩擦学研究进展[J].摩擦学学报,2015,35(3):342-350.CHENG Jun,ZHU Shengyu,QIAO Zhuhui,et al. Recent advances of the tribology research of Ti Al based intermetallics[J]. Tribology,2015,35(3):342-350.
[7]DAS G,KESTLER H,CLEMENS H,et al. Sheet gamma Ti Al:status and opportunities[J]. JOM,2004,56(11):42-45.
[8]盖鹏涛,吴为,曾元松.热压复合制备Ti-Al3Ti层状复合材料组织结构研究[J].材料科学与工艺,2013,21(2):45-49.GAI Pengtao,WU wei,ZENG Yuansong. Microstructure analysis of Ti-Al3Ti metalintermetallic laminate(MIL)composites synthesized by hot-press[J]. Science&Technology,2013,21(2):45-49.
[9]LIN J P,CHEN G L. Development of Ti Al intermetallic based compound[J]. Materials China,2009,28(1):31.
[10]XING W,LIN J,ZHANG L,et al. Hot packed-rolling process of high-Nb Ti Al alloy and its microstructure evolution[J]. Chinese Journal of Rare Metals,2010,34(5):658-662.
[11]CHEN Y,KONG F. Microstructure refining of Ti Al alloys[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica-Chinese Edition-,2008,44(5):551-556.
[12] XING W, LIN J, ZHANG L, et al. Cold-rolling technology of wrought high-Nb dual phase Ti Al alloy and its microstructure as well as mechanical properties[J].Rare Metal Materials&Engineering, 2009, 38(8):1472-1475.
[13] PENG L M,WANG J H,LI H,et al. Synthesis and microstructural characterization of Ti-Al3Ti metalintermetallic laminate(MIL)composites[J]. Scripta Materialia,2005,52(3):243-248.
[14]黎慧开,刘越,张雅静.原位合成Al3Ti增强轻金属基复合材料的研究现状[J].材料导报,2011(增刊2):516-519.Li Huikai,LIU Yue,ZHANG Yajing. Research on light metal matrix composites reinforced by in-situ synthesized Al3Ti[J]. Materials Review,2011(s2):516-519.
[15]贺毅强.颗粒增强金属基复合材料的研究进展[J].热加工工艺,2012,41(2):133-136.HE Yiqiang. Development of particle reinforced metal matrix composite[J]. Material&Heat Treatment,2012,41(2):133-136.
[16]杨子润,茅奕舒,庞绍平,等. Mg-Al-TiO2体系反应烧结新型镁基复合材料[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2012(增刊2):800-803.YANG Zirun,MAO Yishu,PANG Shaoping,et al. Novel magnesium based composite through reaction sintering of Mg-Al-TiO2system[J]. Rare Metal Materials&Engineering,2012(s2):800-803.