新型浮筏式防波堤消波性能试验研究
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摘要
基于利用水下斜坡促进波浪破碎,进而衰减波浪的理论,文章提出一种由钢筋笼和水囊组成的筏式浮式防波堤结构,并通过物理模型试验,对规则波作用下浮式防波堤的消波性能进行了研究。试验中观测了浮式防波堤迎浪侧和背浪侧波面的变化过程,并分析得到了防波堤对波浪的反射系数、透射系数以及能量衰减系数随着相对宽度的变化关系,探讨不同入射波浪条件下,结构的前端相对入水深度和相对倾斜宽度等参数对其消波性能的影响。研究结果表明,在防波堤宽度大于一倍波长时,透射系数可小于0.6,并且在试验范围内,增加结构迎浪侧的相对倾斜宽度可改善结构的消波性能。
Based on the idea of using underwater slope to promote wave breaking and then attenuate waves,a raft floating breakwater structure consisting of steel cage and water capsule was proposed in this paper. During the experiment,the wave change process of floating breakwater in seaward side and leeward side was observed,and the relation of wave reflection coefficient,transmission coefficient and energy attenuation coefficient of breakwater with relative width were obtained to explore the effect of front relative draft,relative inclined width and other parameters on wave attenuation performance in different incident wave conditions. The experimental data revealed when the width of structure is larger than one wavelength,the transmission coefficient can below 0.6,and increasing relative inclined width can significantly improve hydrodynamic efficiency within the test range.
Based on the idea of using underwater slope to promote wave breaking and then attenuate waves,a raft floating breakwater structure consisting of steel cage and water capsule was proposed in this paper. During the experiment,the wave change process of floating breakwater in seaward side and leeward side was observed,and the relation of wave reflection coefficient,transmission coefficient and energy attenuation coefficient of breakwater with relative width were obtained to explore the effect of front relative draft,relative inclined width and other parameters on wave attenuation performance in different incident wave conditions. The experimental data revealed when the width of structure is larger than one wavelength,the transmission coefficient can below 0.6,and increasing relative inclined width can significantly improve hydrodynamic efficiency within the test range.
引文
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[2]任喜峰,孙昭晨,梁书秀.基于SPH方法的明基床开孔沉箱数值模拟研究 [J].水道港口,2018,39(4):410-415.REN X F,SUN Z C,LIANG S X.Numerical study of perforated caisson sitting on rubble mound foundation based on SPH method[J].Journal of Waterway and Harbor,2018,39(4):410-415.
[3]杨会利,陈汉宝,刘海成.一种新型应急型浮式防波堤消浪特性研究 [J].水道港口,2018,39(2):139-143.YANG H L,CHEN H B,LIU H C.Experimental study on wave-dissipating performance of a new emergent type floating breakwater[J].Journal of Waterway and Harbor,2018,39(2):139-143.
[4]E.PE A,FERRERAS J,SANCHEZ-TEMBLEQUE F.Experimental study on wave transmission coefficient,mooring lines and module connector forces with different designs of floating breakwaters [J].Ocean Engineering,2011,38(10):1 150-1 160.
[5]BAYRAM A.Experimental study of a sloping float breakwater[J].Ocean Engineering,2000,27(4):445-453.
[6]CHENG L H,FEN C Y,LI Y H,et al.Experimental study on a new type floating breakwater[C]// Proceeding of the 7th International Conference on Asian and Pacific Coasts.Bali,Indonesia.2013.
[7]CHENG X F.A Kind of Floating Breakwater Sheltering Deep Water Aquaculture [J].Applied Mechanics and Materials,2014,580-583:2 170-2 176.
[8]HEGDE A V,KAMATH K,MAGADUM A S.Performance Characteristics of Horizontal Interlaced Multilayer Moored Floating Pipe Breakwater [J].Journal of Waterway,Port,Coastal and Ocean Engineering,2007,133(4):275-285.
[9]KORAIM A S.Hydrodynamic efficiency of suspended horizontal rows of half pipes used as a new type breakwater [J].Ocean Engineering,2013,64(6):1-22.
[10]JI C Y,CHEN X,CUI J,et al.Experimental study of a new type of floating breakwater [J].Ocean Engineering,2015,105:295-303.
[11]JI C,CHENG Y,YANG K,et al.Numerical and experimental investigation of hydrodynamic performance of a cylindrical dual pontoon-net floating breakwater [J].Coastal Engineering,2017,129:1-16.
[12]金凤,乔正,张俭,等.多级带孔薄膜浮式防波堤 [J].中国水运,2014,14(2):365-366.JI F,QIAO Z,ZHANG J,et al.Multistage perforated film floating breakwater [J].China Water Transport,2014,14(2):365-366.
[13]郑启航,金凤,杨强,等.框架带孔薄膜浮式防波堤单元体.[J].中国水运,2015,15(5):174-175.ZHENG Q H,JIN F,YANG Q,et al.Floating framed breakwater elements covered with porous membrabce[J].China Water Transport,2015,15(5):174-175.
[14]JI C,CHENG Y,CUI J,et al.Hydrodynamic performance of floating breakwaters in long wave regime:An experimental study [J].Ocean Engineering,2018,152:154-166.