黄山率水流域水陆交错带植被类型及群落特征
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摘要
研究以黄山市率水流域水陆交错带典型植物群落为对象,沿主河道设置了33个样方,采用法瑞学派调查法记录样方的物种组成和群落结构;并根据离水面距离和土壤基质类型划分了3种生境类型:砾石型河漫滩、粘土型河漫滩以及河岸边坡,进而进行群落类型划分与生态梯度分析。结果表明:调查区域有维管束植物共计67科124属146种;水陆交错带植被可分成15个群落类型,包含3个森林群落、3个灌丛群落和9个草本群落;森林群落均出现在河岸边坡生境类型中,灌从群落多见于粘土型河漫滩,草本群落主要集中于砾石型河漫滩;非度量多维标度分析表明,存在于上下游之间和水陆之间的两个生态梯度是影响群落物种组成的重要因素,并且在两个生态梯度中心过渡区,植物群落丰富度达到最大。
In this study, riparian vegetation was investigated in 33 relevés along Shuaishui River Huangshan city, China. Species compositions and community structure were recorded by following the Braun-Blanquet method. Moreover, all relevés were grouped into three habitat types: gravelly floodplain, sedimentary floodplain,riverbank, based on distance to water and the soil parent materials. Then, plant communities were classi?ed by clustering and the underlying ecological gradients were analyzed by ordination. The results showed that there were 146 vascular plant species belonging to 124 genera and 67 families in all relevés. All the relevés could be classi?ed into 15 communities, including three forest communities, three scrub communities and nine herbaceous communities. All forest communities occurred at river bank habitat, while scrub communities and herbaceous communities were more common at sedimentary floodplain habitat and gravelly floodplain habitat respectively.The two ecological gradients of upstream-downstream and aquatic-terrestrial affected the species component of riparian vegetation based on the analysis of non-metric multidimensional scaling method. Moreover, the species richness of plant community got maximum at the middle of two gradients. The results are helpful for riparian vegetation conversation and restoration along Shuaishui River.
In this study, riparian vegetation was investigated in 33 relevés along Shuaishui River Huangshan city, China. Species compositions and community structure were recorded by following the Braun-Blanquet method. Moreover, all relevés were grouped into three habitat types: gravelly floodplain, sedimentary floodplain,riverbank, based on distance to water and the soil parent materials. Then, plant communities were classi?ed by clustering and the underlying ecological gradients were analyzed by ordination. The results showed that there were 146 vascular plant species belonging to 124 genera and 67 families in all relevés. All the relevés could be classi?ed into 15 communities, including three forest communities, three scrub communities and nine herbaceous communities. All forest communities occurred at river bank habitat, while scrub communities and herbaceous communities were more common at sedimentary floodplain habitat and gravelly floodplain habitat respectively.The two ecological gradients of upstream-downstream and aquatic-terrestrial affected the species component of riparian vegetation based on the analysis of non-metric multidimensional scaling method. Moreover, the species richness of plant community got maximum at the middle of two gradients. The results are helpful for riparian vegetation conversation and restoration along Shuaishui River.
引文
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[3]任远,王冬梅,信忠保.漓江流域水陆交错带植被配置型式分类及生态特征[J].生态学报, 2014, 34(15):4423-4434.
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[13]夏会娟,孔维静,王汩,等.北京市北运河水系水生植物群落结构与生物完整性[J].应用与环境生物学报,2018, 24(2):1-13.
[14]姚飞,陈龙乾,张宇,等.巢湖水陆交错带生态服务价值梯度分析[J].长江流域资源与环境, 2015, 24(9):1568-1576.
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[16]AGUIAR F C, CERDEIRA J O, MARTINS M J, et al.Riparian forests of Southwest Europe:are functional trait andspeciescompositionassemblagesconstrainedby environment?[J]Journalof VegetationScience,2013,24(4):628-638.
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[20]OHSAWA M. Structural comparison of tropical montane rain forests along latitudinal and altitudinal gradients in south and east Asia[J]. Vegetatio, 1991, 97:1-10.
[21]王合玲,吕光辉,张辉国.干旱区典型湖泊湿地主要植物生态种组分析[J].生态环境学报, 2012, 21(5):858-863.
[22]ENGELHARDT B M, WEISBERG P J, CHAMBERS J C. Influences of watershed geomorphology on extent and composition of riparian vegetation[J]. Journal of Vegetation Science, 2012, 23(1):127-139.
[23]安徽植被协作组.安徽植被[M].合肥:安徽科学技术出版社, 1981:321.
[24]贺金生,陈伟烈.陆地植物群落物种多样性的梯度变化特征[J].生态学报, 1997, 17(1):91-99.
[25]GENTRY AH.Changesinplantcommunitydiversity andfloristiccompositiononenvironmentalandgeographical gradients[J]. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, 1988, 75(1):1-34.
[26]FOXJF.Intermediate-disturbancehypothesis[J].Science, 1979, 204(4399):1344-1345.
[27]ROXBURGH S H, SHEA K, WILSON J B. The intermediate disturbance hypothesis:patch dynamics and mechanisms of species coexistence[J]. Ecology, 2014, 85(2):359-371.
[2]程瑞梅,王晓荣,肖文发,等.消落带研究进展[J].林业科学, 2010, 46(4):111-119.
[3]任远,王冬梅,信忠保.漓江流域水陆交错带植被配置型式分类及生态特征[J].生态学报, 2014, 34(15):4423-4434.
[4]李扬,王冬梅,信忠保.漓江水陆交错带植被与土壤空间分异规律[J].农业工程学报, 2013, 29(6):121-128.
[5]GUMIEROB,BOZB,CORNELIOP,etal.Shallow groundwater nitrogen and denitri?cation in a newly afforested, subirrigated riparian buffer[J]. Journal of Applied Ecology, 2011, 48(5):1135-1144.
[6]MALANSON G P. Riparian landscapes[M]. New York:Cambridge University Press, 1993:296.
[7]MeehanR,IJILLIAMJS,FREDERICKR,etal.Influences of Riparian Vegetation on Aquatic Ecosystems with Particular Reference to Salmonid Fishes and Their Food Supply 1.2[C]//JOHNSON R, A, JONES D. Importance,Preservation and Management of Floodplain Wetlands and otherRiparianEcosystems. Washington;USDAForest Service. 1977:137-145.
[8]陈吉泉.河岸植被特征及其在生态系统和景观中的作用[J].应用生态学报, 1996, 7(4):439-448.
[9]BRINSON M M. Riverine forest[C]//LUGO A E, BRINSON M M, BROWN, S. Forested Wetlands Ecosystems of the World No15. Amsterdam; Elsevier. 1990:87-140.
[10]NAKAMURA F, YAMADA H. Effects of pasture development on the ecological functions of riparian forests in Hokkaido in northern Japan[J]. Ecological Engineering,2005, 24(5):539-550.
[11]邓红兵,王青春,王庆礼,等.河岸植被缓冲带与河岸带管理[J].应用生态学报, 2001, 12(6):951-954.
[12]LOWRANCE R, ALTIER L, WILLIAMS R, et al. The Riparian Ecosystem Management Model[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2000, 55(1):27-34.
[13]夏会娟,孔维静,王汩,等.北京市北运河水系水生植物群落结构与生物完整性[J].应用与环境生物学报,2018, 24(2):1-13.
[14]姚飞,陈龙乾,张宇,等.巢湖水陆交错带生态服务价值梯度分析[J].长江流域资源与环境, 2015, 24(9):1568-1576.
[15]GARSSEN AG,BAATTRUP-PEDERSEN A,VOESENEK L A, et al.Riparian plant community responsestoincreasedflooding:ameta‐analysis[J].Global Change Biology, 2015, 21:2881-2890.
[16]AGUIAR F C, CERDEIRA J O, MARTINS M J, et al.Riparian forests of Southwest Europe:are functional trait andspeciescompositionassemblagesconstrainedby environment?[J]Journalof VegetationScience,2013,24(4):628-638.
[17]MACFARLANE W W, MCGINTY C M, LAUB B G, et al.High-resolution riparian vegetation mapping to prioritize conservation and restoration in an impaired desert river[J]. Restoration Ecology, 2017, 25(3):333-341.
[18]吴征镒.中国植被[M].北京:科学出版社, 1980:1375.
[19]宋永昌.植被生态学(第二版)[M].北京:高等教育出版社, 2017:697.
[20]OHSAWA M. Structural comparison of tropical montane rain forests along latitudinal and altitudinal gradients in south and east Asia[J]. Vegetatio, 1991, 97:1-10.
[21]王合玲,吕光辉,张辉国.干旱区典型湖泊湿地主要植物生态种组分析[J].生态环境学报, 2012, 21(5):858-863.
[22]ENGELHARDT B M, WEISBERG P J, CHAMBERS J C. Influences of watershed geomorphology on extent and composition of riparian vegetation[J]. Journal of Vegetation Science, 2012, 23(1):127-139.
[23]安徽植被协作组.安徽植被[M].合肥:安徽科学技术出版社, 1981:321.
[24]贺金生,陈伟烈.陆地植物群落物种多样性的梯度变化特征[J].生态学报, 1997, 17(1):91-99.
[25]GENTRY AH.Changesinplantcommunitydiversity andfloristiccompositiononenvironmentalandgeographical gradients[J]. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, 1988, 75(1):1-34.
[26]FOXJF.Intermediate-disturbancehypothesis[J].Science, 1979, 204(4399):1344-1345.
[27]ROXBURGH S H, SHEA K, WILSON J B. The intermediate disturbance hypothesis:patch dynamics and mechanisms of species coexistence[J]. Ecology, 2014, 85(2):359-371.