压力型锚杆支护滑坡的地震动力响应特性研究
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摘要
为研究地震作用下锚固滑坡的动力响应特征及压力型锚杆的受力机制,采用ABAQUS有限元软件建立了压力型锚杆联合格构梁支护的锚固滑坡模型,在此基础上,分析了锚固滑坡的加速度响应规律、地震动参数对加速度响应的影响以及压力型锚杆的受力特征等。结果表明:地震作用下锚固滑坡具有明显的高程放大效应,坡顶响应最强;不同类型的地震波作用时,由于其频谱特性的差异,锚固滑坡的加速度响应不同,锚固滑坡对输入地震波的低频段存在放大作用,对高频段具有滤波作用;随地震波幅值的增大,锚固滑坡的加速度响应呈先减小后增大的趋势。对于同一根锚杆而言,锚杆杆体轴力分布较均匀;对于同列不同排的锚杆而言,各排锚杆杆体的轴力值差异较大,自上而下呈"C"型分布,底排锚杆和顶排锚杆承担大部分荷载。研究结果对于压力型锚杆支护滑坡的抗震设计具有一定的指导意义。
In order to study dynamic response of anchorage landslide and mechanical behaviors of pressure-type anchor under earthquake, the finite element software ABAQUS was adopted and an anchorage landslide model supported by pressure-type anchor and lattice beam was established. On that basis,the acceleration response law of anchorage landslide,the effect of ground motion parameters on acceleration response of the model, and the mechanical behaviors of pressure-type anchor under earthquake were researched respectively. The results indicated that anchorage landslide had elevation amplification effect from bottom to top along with the landslide,and the acceleration response in crest was the strongest. Due to the spectrum characteristics of earthquake,acceleration response is different under different seismic waves. The anchorage landslide had an amplifying effect on lower frequency band and an attenuation function on higher frequency band. With the increase of loading amplitude,the acceleration response of anchorage landslide decreased first and then increased. For the same anchor,axial forcedistribution was nearly uniform; however,for the anchors at different elevation,axial force of anchors had a great difference,and the strain distribution of anchor body shows the "C"-type from bottom to top.The bottom anchor and the top anchor bear most of the loads. The research results could provide a reasonable foundation for the design of the pressure-type anchor under earthquake.
In order to study dynamic response of anchorage landslide and mechanical behaviors of pressure-type anchor under earthquake, the finite element software ABAQUS was adopted and an anchorage landslide model supported by pressure-type anchor and lattice beam was established. On that basis,the acceleration response law of anchorage landslide,the effect of ground motion parameters on acceleration response of the model, and the mechanical behaviors of pressure-type anchor under earthquake were researched respectively. The results indicated that anchorage landslide had elevation amplification effect from bottom to top along with the landslide,and the acceleration response in crest was the strongest. Due to the spectrum characteristics of earthquake,acceleration response is different under different seismic waves. The anchorage landslide had an amplifying effect on lower frequency band and an attenuation function on higher frequency band. With the increase of loading amplitude,the acceleration response of anchorage landslide decreased first and then increased. For the same anchor,axial forcedistribution was nearly uniform; however,for the anchors at different elevation,axial force of anchors had a great difference,and the strain distribution of anchor body shows the "C"-type from bottom to top.The bottom anchor and the top anchor bear most of the loads. The research results could provide a reasonable foundation for the design of the pressure-type anchor under earthquake.
引文
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[13]Ji Q W,Xu Q,Wang T N,et al.Seismic performance analysis of fill slope with pre-stressed anchors[J].Applied Mechanics and Materials,2013,353~356:2052~2056.
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[16]张妙芝.滑坡防治压力型锚固系统地震动力响应分析[D].西安:长安大学,2016.ZHANG Miaozhi.Study on the dynamic response for compression-type anchorage system under the action of earthquake in landslide prevention[D].Xi’an:Chang’an University,2016.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[17]江学良,祝中林,杨慧,等.含隧道岩石边坡在地震作用下动力响应特性研究[J].自然灾害学报,2016,25(2):94~102.JIANG Xueliang,ZHU Zhonglin,YANG Hui,et al.Study on dynamic response characteristics of rock slope with tunnel under earthquake[J].Journal of Natural Disasters,2016,25(2):94~102.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[18]刘晶波,谷音,杜义欣.一致粘弹性人工边界及粘弹性边界单元[J].岩土工程学报,2006,28(9):1070~1075.LIU Jingbo,GU Yin,DU Yixin.Consistent viscous-spring artificial boundaries and viscous-spring boundary elements[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2006,28(9):1070~1075.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[19]徐光兴,姚令侃,李朝红,等.边坡地震动力响应规律及地震动参数影响研究[J].岩土工程学报,2008,30(6):918~923.XU Guangxing,YAO Lingkan,LI Zhaohong,et al.Dynamic response of slopes under earthquakes and influence of ground motion parameters[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2008,30(6):918~923.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[20]陈新民,沈建,魏平,等.下蜀土边坡地震稳定性的大型振动台试验研究(Ⅱ)---试验结果及分析[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2010,30(6):587~594.CHEN Xinmin,SHEN Jian,WEI Ping,et al.Large-scale shaking table test of seismic stability of Xiashu loess slopes:Analysis of test results(Ⅱ)[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2010,30(6):587~594.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[21]郝建斌,姚婕,黄毓挺,等.动力作用下锚杆格构支护土质边坡动态响应分析[J].地球科学与环境学报,2015,37(5):93~100.HAO Jianbin,YAO Jie,HUANG Yuting,et al.Analysis of dynamic response of soil slope reinforced by anchors and lattices subjected to dynamic loads[J].Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,2015,37(5):93~100.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[22]汪班桥,门玉明,郝建斌.拉压锚杆锚固性能的对比试验分析[J].长安大学学报(自然科学版),2013,33(4):68~74.WANG Banqiao,MEN Yuming,HAO Jianbin.Experiment and analysis of anchorage performances of pressure type and tensile type anchor[J].Journal of Chang’an University(Natural Science Edition),2013,33(4):68~74.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[2]周德培,张建经,汤涌.汶川地震中道路边坡工程震害分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(3):565~576.ZHOU Depei,ZHANG Jianjing,TANG Yong.Seismic damage analysis of road slopes in Wenchuan earthquake[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2010,29(3):565~576.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[3]Hong Y S,Chen R H,Wu C S,et al.Shaking table tests and stability analysis of steep nailed slopes[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,2005,42(5):1264~1279.
[4]Wartman J,Seed R B,Bray J D.Shaking table modeling of seismically induced deformations in slopes[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,2005,131(5):610~622.
[5]朱宏伟,姚令侃,项琴.锚固长度对加锚边坡地震动力特性的影响[J].水文地质工程地质,2012,39(3):54~59.ZHU Hongwei,YAO Lingkan,XIANG Qin.A study of the effect of bolt length on dynamic response of anchored slopes under earthquakes[J].Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,2012,39(3):54~59.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[6]汪班桥,郝建斌,黄毓挺,等.滑坡防治格构梁锚杆地震动力响应分析[J].四川大学学报(工程科学版),2016,48(3):48~54.WANG Banqiao,HAO Jianbin,HUANG Yuting,et al.Dynamic response for framed anchors in landslide prevention under earthquake[J].Journal of Sichuan University(Engineering Science Edition),2016,48(3):48~54.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[7]郝建斌,郭进扬,张振北,等.地震作用下锚杆支护边坡动力响应[J].交通运输工程学报,2017,17(3):46~55.HAO Jianbin,GUO Jinyang,ZHANG Zhenbei,et al.Dynamic response of anchors-supported slope under earthquake[J].Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering,2017,17(3):46~55.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[8]文畅平,杨果林.格构式框架护坡地震动位移模式的振动台试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(10):2076~2083.WEN Changping,YANG Guolin.Shaking table model test study of seismic displacement mode of slope with anchor lattice frame structure[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2011,30(10):2076~2083.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[9]杨果林,文畅平.格构锚固边坡地震响应的振动台试验研究[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2012,43(4):1482~1493.YANG Guolin,WEN Changping.Shaking table test study on dynamic response of slope with lattice framed anchor structure during earthquake[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2012,43(4):1482~1493.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[10]赖杰,郑颖人,刘云,等.抗滑桩和锚杆联合支护下边坡抗震性能振动台试验研究[J].土木工程学报,2015,48(9):96~103.LAI Jie,ZHENG Yingren,LIU Yun,et al.Shaking table text study on anti-slide piles and anchor bars of slope under earthquake[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2015,48(9):96~103.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[11]汪鹏程,朱大勇,许强.强震作用下加固边坡的动力响应及不同加固方式的比较研究[J].合肥工业大学学报(自然科学版),2009,32(10):1501~1504.WANG Pengcheng,ZHU Dayong,XU Qiang.Dynamic response of slopes subjected to intense earthquakes and effect comparison between various support modes[J].Journal of Hefei University of Technology(Natural Science),2009,32(10):1501~1504.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[12]叶帅华.黄土地区框架预应力锚杆支护边坡地震动反应及稳定性分析[D].兰州:兰州理工大学,2012.YE Shuaihua.Dynamic response and stability analysis of slope supported by frame with pre-stressed anchors under earthquake in loess area[D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou University of Technology,2012.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[13]Ji Q W,Xu Q,Wang T N,et al.Seismic performance analysis of fill slope with pre-stressed anchors[J].Applied Mechanics and Materials,2013,353~356:2052~2056.
[14]Dong J H,Zhu Y P,Zhou Y,et al.Dynamic calculation model and seismic response for frame supporting structure with prestressed anchors[J].Science China Technological Sciences,2010,53(7):1957~1966.
[15]毕忠伟,张明,金峰,等.地震作用下边坡的动态响应规律研究[J].岩土力学,2009,30(S1):180~183.BI Zhongwei,ZHANG Ming,JIN Feng,et al.Dynamic response of slopes under earthquakes[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2009,30(S1):180~183.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[16]张妙芝.滑坡防治压力型锚固系统地震动力响应分析[D].西安:长安大学,2016.ZHANG Miaozhi.Study on the dynamic response for compression-type anchorage system under the action of earthquake in landslide prevention[D].Xi’an:Chang’an University,2016.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[17]江学良,祝中林,杨慧,等.含隧道岩石边坡在地震作用下动力响应特性研究[J].自然灾害学报,2016,25(2):94~102.JIANG Xueliang,ZHU Zhonglin,YANG Hui,et al.Study on dynamic response characteristics of rock slope with tunnel under earthquake[J].Journal of Natural Disasters,2016,25(2):94~102.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[18]刘晶波,谷音,杜义欣.一致粘弹性人工边界及粘弹性边界单元[J].岩土工程学报,2006,28(9):1070~1075.LIU Jingbo,GU Yin,DU Yixin.Consistent viscous-spring artificial boundaries and viscous-spring boundary elements[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2006,28(9):1070~1075.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[19]徐光兴,姚令侃,李朝红,等.边坡地震动力响应规律及地震动参数影响研究[J].岩土工程学报,2008,30(6):918~923.XU Guangxing,YAO Lingkan,LI Zhaohong,et al.Dynamic response of slopes under earthquakes and influence of ground motion parameters[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2008,30(6):918~923.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[20]陈新民,沈建,魏平,等.下蜀土边坡地震稳定性的大型振动台试验研究(Ⅱ)---试验结果及分析[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2010,30(6):587~594.CHEN Xinmin,SHEN Jian,WEI Ping,et al.Large-scale shaking table test of seismic stability of Xiashu loess slopes:Analysis of test results(Ⅱ)[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2010,30(6):587~594.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[21]郝建斌,姚婕,黄毓挺,等.动力作用下锚杆格构支护土质边坡动态响应分析[J].地球科学与环境学报,2015,37(5):93~100.HAO Jianbin,YAO Jie,HUANG Yuting,et al.Analysis of dynamic response of soil slope reinforced by anchors and lattices subjected to dynamic loads[J].Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,2015,37(5):93~100.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[22]汪班桥,门玉明,郝建斌.拉压锚杆锚固性能的对比试验分析[J].长安大学学报(自然科学版),2013,33(4):68~74.WANG Banqiao,MEN Yuming,HAO Jianbin.Experiment and analysis of anchorage performances of pressure type and tensile type anchor[J].Journal of Chang’an University(Natural Science Edition),2013,33(4):68~74.(in Chinese with English abstract)