某金矿“三下”开采移动带内地表稳定性分析
|
摘要
为确保移动带内地表村庄、河流、道路的安全,同时最大限度地开采地下资源,结合某金矿大断裂带构造条件下采用尾砂胶结充填采矿法的工程实例,运用概率积分法理论计算出的矿山安全开采深度为108 m,小于覆岩厚度(130 m),满足安全开采要求。采用FLAC3D数值模拟方法对该矿"三下"开采移动范围内典型剖面的地表沉降进行了分析,经计算,最大倾斜变形为0.022 mm/m、最大水平变形为0.019 mm/m,与地表实测数据较接近,满足建(构)筑物保护等级要求。根据矿山井下爆破工程特点,计算出的矿山最大爆破安全允许距离为96 m,认为矿井爆破振动不会影响至地表。研究表明:该矿"三下"开采移动带内地表建(构)筑物安全稳定,对于该矿安全高效开采以及类似矿山开采移动带范围内的地表稳定性分析有一定的参考价值。
In order to ensure the safety of surface villages,rivers and roads within subsidence basin and to maximize the exploitation of underground resources,and combing with the tailings cemented filling mining method under the structural condition of a large fault zone in a gold mine as a case,the safe mining depth of the mine is calculated as 108 m by using the theory of probability integral method,which is less than the thickness(130 m)of overburden rock and can meet the requirement of safety.The surface subsidence of a typical section within the movement range of "three-under" mining in a gold mine is studied and analyzed by FLAC3 Dnumerical simulation method. Based on the calculation results it is show that the maximum inclined deformation is 0.022 mm/m and the maximum horizontal deformation is 0.019 mm/m.The deformation valus are close to the measured data,which meets the requirements of protection grade for buildings and structures. According to the characteristics of underground blasting engineering,the maximum allowable distance of blasting is calculated as 96 m,and the blasting vibration will not affect the surface. After the comprehensive analysis,it is concluded that the surface structures within the subsidence basin in the gold mine are safe and stable,which can provide reliable reference for the safety and efficiency production of the mine and the surface stability analysis of mining movement zone of similar mines.
In order to ensure the safety of surface villages,rivers and roads within subsidence basin and to maximize the exploitation of underground resources,and combing with the tailings cemented filling mining method under the structural condition of a large fault zone in a gold mine as a case,the safe mining depth of the mine is calculated as 108 m by using the theory of probability integral method,which is less than the thickness(130 m)of overburden rock and can meet the requirement of safety.The surface subsidence of a typical section within the movement range of "three-under" mining in a gold mine is studied and analyzed by FLAC3 Dnumerical simulation method. Based on the calculation results it is show that the maximum inclined deformation is 0.022 mm/m and the maximum horizontal deformation is 0.019 mm/m.The deformation valus are close to the measured data,which meets the requirements of protection grade for buildings and structures. According to the characteristics of underground blasting engineering,the maximum allowable distance of blasting is calculated as 96 m,and the blasting vibration will not affect the surface. After the comprehensive analysis,it is concluded that the surface structures within the subsidence basin in the gold mine are safe and stable,which can provide reliable reference for the safety and efficiency production of the mine and the surface stability analysis of mining movement zone of similar mines.
引文
[1]中华人民共和国国土资源部.关于加快建设绿色矿山的实施意见[EB/OL].http://www.mlr.gov.cn/zwgk/zytz/201705/t20170510_1507257.htm.2017-05-10/2018-11-8.Ministry of Land and Resources of the Peoples’s Republic of China.Suggestions on speeding up the construction of green mines[EB/OL].http://www.mlr.gov.cn/zwgk/zytz/201705/t20170510_1507257.htm.2017-05-10/2018-11-8.
[2]朱训.关于发展绿色矿业的几个问题[J].中国矿业,2013,22(10):1-6.Zhu Xun.Several issues of green mining development[J].China Mining Magazine,2013,22(10):1-6.
[3]徐飞,石立“.三下”开采胶结充填体强度对地表沉降的影响[J].金属矿山,2016(1):39-42.Xu Fei,Shi Li.Influence of cemented filling strength to“three-under”surface subsidence[J].Metal Mine,2016(1):39-42.
[4]崔希民,刘艳华.地下资源安全开采深度的研究[J].矿业研究与开发,2000(6):1-2.Cui Ximin,Liu Yanhua.Research on safety exploiting depth of underground resources[J].Mining Research and Development,2000(6):1-2.
[5]李长富,张瑞萍.金属矿山安全开采深度研究与思考[J].世界有色金属,2018(3):58-59.Li Changfu,Zhang Ruiping.Research and consideration of safety mining depth in metal mines[J].World Nonferrous Metals,2018(3):58-59.
[6]姚琦,冯涛,李石林,等.基于概率积分法的煤矿“三下”开采沉陷预计[J].煤矿安全,2012,43(7):188-193.Yao Qi,Feng Tao,Li Shilin,et al.The subsidence prediction of coal mine“three under”mining based on probability integral method[J].Safety of Coal Mines,2012,43(7):188-193.
[7]杨哲伟,王清良,全爱国,等.南方某铀矿安全开采深度预判研究[J].铀矿冶,2015,34(4):241-244.Yang Zhewei,Wang Qingliang,Quan Aiguo,et al.Prognosis research on safely mining depth of one uranium mine in Southern China[J].Uranium Mining and Metallurgy,2015,34(4):241-244.
[8]中国有色金属工业协会.GB 50771-2012有色金属采矿设计规范[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2012.China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association.GB 50771-2012Code for Design of Nonferrous Metals Mining[S].Beijing:China Planning Publishing House,2012.
[9]刘彦超,陈轲,蔡嗣经,等.白象山铁矿河床下开采地表稳定沉降数值模拟分析[J].金属矿山,2014(11):54-57.Liu Yanchao,Chen Ke,Cai Sijing,et al.Numerical simulation analysis of ground surface subsidence during mining of Baixiangshan Iron Mine under a riverbed[J].Metal Mine,2014(11):54-57.
[10]刘诗杰,李铁,马海涛,等.某矿井下开采地表沉降范围及发展趋势[J].金属矿山,2015(9):152-156.Liu Shijie,Li Tie,Ma Haitao,et al.Study on the ground subsiding area caused by underground mining and its developing tendency[J].Metal Mine,2015(9):152-156.
[11]Hu J H,Yan X J,Zhou K P,et al.Study on the deformation and safety in the process of shallow buried tunnel construction[C]//IEEEInternational Conferrence on Engineering Computation.2009:123-126.
[12]田莉梅,张英,张景华.三山岛金矿上覆断层赋存状态对巷道稳定性的影响[J].金属矿山,2018(1):178-182.Tian Limei,Zhang Ying,Zhang Jinghua.Influence of the occurrence status of overburden fault on roadway stability in Sanshandao Gold Mine[J].Metal Mine,2018(1):178-182.
[13]郭进平,刘晓飞,王小林,等.金属矿床开采地表破坏机理及防控方法[J].金属矿山,2014(2):6-11.Guo Jinping,Liu Xiaofei,Wang Xiaolin,et al.Mechanism of mininginduced surface destruction in metal mines and its control technology[J].Metal Mine,2014(2):6-11.
[14]韩斌,王贤来,肖卫国.基于多元非线性回归的井下采场充填体强度预测及评价[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2012,29(5):714-718.Han Bin,Wang Xianlai,Xiao Weiguo.Estimation and evaluation of backfill strength in underground stope based on multivariate nonlinear regression analysis[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2012,29(5):714-718.
[15]瞿群迪,姚强岭,李学华,等.充填开采控制地表沉陷的关键因素分析[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2010,27(4):458-462.Qu Qundi,Yao Qiangling,Li Xuehua,et al.Key factors affecting control surface subsidence in backfilling mining[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2010,27(4):458-462.
[16]胡坤伦,吴礼齐,曹勇,等.建筑物在爆破地震作用下的动力响应分析[J].爆破,2015,32(4):150-154.Hu Kunlun,Wu Liqi,Cao Yong,et al.Dynamic response analysis of structure under blasting seismic signal[J].Blasting,2015,32(4):150-154.
[17]张志毅,杨年华,卢文波,等.中国爆破振动控制技术的新进展[J].爆破,2013,30(2):25-32.Zhang Zhiyi,Yang Nianhua,Lu Wenbo,et al.Progress of blasting vibration control technology in China[J].Blasting,2013,30(2):25-32.
[18]张远,吕淑然.下店子铜矿爆破振动对周边环境影响的监测与分析[J].有色金属:矿山部分,2015,67(3):77-81.Zhang Yuan,Lyu Shuran.Monitoring and analysis of the impact of blast vibration on surrounding environment in Xiadianzi Cu-Fe Mine[J].Noferrous Metal:Mining Section,2015,67(3):77-81.
[19]涂剑文,蔡嗣经,黄刚,等.罗河铁矿井下爆破振动对地表环境影响的监测与预测[J].爆破,2016,33(3):122-126.Tu Jianwen,Cai Sijing,Huang Gang,et al.Monitoring and prediction of underground blasting vibration on group environment in Luohe Iron Mine[J].Blasting,2016,33(3):122-126.
[2]朱训.关于发展绿色矿业的几个问题[J].中国矿业,2013,22(10):1-6.Zhu Xun.Several issues of green mining development[J].China Mining Magazine,2013,22(10):1-6.
[3]徐飞,石立“.三下”开采胶结充填体强度对地表沉降的影响[J].金属矿山,2016(1):39-42.Xu Fei,Shi Li.Influence of cemented filling strength to“three-under”surface subsidence[J].Metal Mine,2016(1):39-42.
[4]崔希民,刘艳华.地下资源安全开采深度的研究[J].矿业研究与开发,2000(6):1-2.Cui Ximin,Liu Yanhua.Research on safety exploiting depth of underground resources[J].Mining Research and Development,2000(6):1-2.
[5]李长富,张瑞萍.金属矿山安全开采深度研究与思考[J].世界有色金属,2018(3):58-59.Li Changfu,Zhang Ruiping.Research and consideration of safety mining depth in metal mines[J].World Nonferrous Metals,2018(3):58-59.
[6]姚琦,冯涛,李石林,等.基于概率积分法的煤矿“三下”开采沉陷预计[J].煤矿安全,2012,43(7):188-193.Yao Qi,Feng Tao,Li Shilin,et al.The subsidence prediction of coal mine“three under”mining based on probability integral method[J].Safety of Coal Mines,2012,43(7):188-193.
[7]杨哲伟,王清良,全爱国,等.南方某铀矿安全开采深度预判研究[J].铀矿冶,2015,34(4):241-244.Yang Zhewei,Wang Qingliang,Quan Aiguo,et al.Prognosis research on safely mining depth of one uranium mine in Southern China[J].Uranium Mining and Metallurgy,2015,34(4):241-244.
[8]中国有色金属工业协会.GB 50771-2012有色金属采矿设计规范[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2012.China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association.GB 50771-2012Code for Design of Nonferrous Metals Mining[S].Beijing:China Planning Publishing House,2012.
[9]刘彦超,陈轲,蔡嗣经,等.白象山铁矿河床下开采地表稳定沉降数值模拟分析[J].金属矿山,2014(11):54-57.Liu Yanchao,Chen Ke,Cai Sijing,et al.Numerical simulation analysis of ground surface subsidence during mining of Baixiangshan Iron Mine under a riverbed[J].Metal Mine,2014(11):54-57.
[10]刘诗杰,李铁,马海涛,等.某矿井下开采地表沉降范围及发展趋势[J].金属矿山,2015(9):152-156.Liu Shijie,Li Tie,Ma Haitao,et al.Study on the ground subsiding area caused by underground mining and its developing tendency[J].Metal Mine,2015(9):152-156.
[11]Hu J H,Yan X J,Zhou K P,et al.Study on the deformation and safety in the process of shallow buried tunnel construction[C]//IEEEInternational Conferrence on Engineering Computation.2009:123-126.
[12]田莉梅,张英,张景华.三山岛金矿上覆断层赋存状态对巷道稳定性的影响[J].金属矿山,2018(1):178-182.Tian Limei,Zhang Ying,Zhang Jinghua.Influence of the occurrence status of overburden fault on roadway stability in Sanshandao Gold Mine[J].Metal Mine,2018(1):178-182.
[13]郭进平,刘晓飞,王小林,等.金属矿床开采地表破坏机理及防控方法[J].金属矿山,2014(2):6-11.Guo Jinping,Liu Xiaofei,Wang Xiaolin,et al.Mechanism of mininginduced surface destruction in metal mines and its control technology[J].Metal Mine,2014(2):6-11.
[14]韩斌,王贤来,肖卫国.基于多元非线性回归的井下采场充填体强度预测及评价[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2012,29(5):714-718.Han Bin,Wang Xianlai,Xiao Weiguo.Estimation and evaluation of backfill strength in underground stope based on multivariate nonlinear regression analysis[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2012,29(5):714-718.
[15]瞿群迪,姚强岭,李学华,等.充填开采控制地表沉陷的关键因素分析[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2010,27(4):458-462.Qu Qundi,Yao Qiangling,Li Xuehua,et al.Key factors affecting control surface subsidence in backfilling mining[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2010,27(4):458-462.
[16]胡坤伦,吴礼齐,曹勇,等.建筑物在爆破地震作用下的动力响应分析[J].爆破,2015,32(4):150-154.Hu Kunlun,Wu Liqi,Cao Yong,et al.Dynamic response analysis of structure under blasting seismic signal[J].Blasting,2015,32(4):150-154.
[17]张志毅,杨年华,卢文波,等.中国爆破振动控制技术的新进展[J].爆破,2013,30(2):25-32.Zhang Zhiyi,Yang Nianhua,Lu Wenbo,et al.Progress of blasting vibration control technology in China[J].Blasting,2013,30(2):25-32.
[18]张远,吕淑然.下店子铜矿爆破振动对周边环境影响的监测与分析[J].有色金属:矿山部分,2015,67(3):77-81.Zhang Yuan,Lyu Shuran.Monitoring and analysis of the impact of blast vibration on surrounding environment in Xiadianzi Cu-Fe Mine[J].Noferrous Metal:Mining Section,2015,67(3):77-81.
[19]涂剑文,蔡嗣经,黄刚,等.罗河铁矿井下爆破振动对地表环境影响的监测与预测[J].爆破,2016,33(3):122-126.Tu Jianwen,Cai Sijing,Huang Gang,et al.Monitoring and prediction of underground blasting vibration on group environment in Luohe Iron Mine[J].Blasting,2016,33(3):122-126.