可用于冷链物流相变材料的研究进展
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摘要
简述了相变材料(PCM)的分类和特点。根据冷链物流对温度的不同要求,将可用于冷链物流相变材料分为冷藏用和冷冻用相变材料两大类。针对固-液相变材料在液态时易发生泄漏的问题,介绍了相变材料微胶囊、泡沫金属和高吸水性树脂(SAP)等相变材料载体的研究现状。分别阐述并分析了无机相变材料、有机相变材料和无机-有机相变材料的特点及其研究进展,针对不同相变材料存在的相分离、过冷、腐蚀和导热系数小等问题,介绍了相应的解决方案。最后,指出了相变材料在冷链物流领域应用中仍然存在的一些问题,展望了冷链物流用相变材料的发展方向。
In this paper, classification and characteristics of the phase change materials(PCM) were introduced briefly. According to the different required temperatures of cold chain logistics, PCM could be classified as cold storage PCM and freeze storage PCM. According to the leakage problem of solid-liquid material in the liquid state, the research status of supporter for phase change material like PCM microcapsule, metal foam, super absorbent polymer(SAP) were introduced. And the characteristics and research progress of inorganic, organic, inorganic-organic PCM were elaborated and analyzed. Aiming at the problems such as phase separation, supercooling, corrosion and low heat conductivity, the corresponding solutions were introduced. In the end, the existing problems of the application of PCM to cold chain logistics were pointed out. The prospects of PCM for cold chain logistics were proposed.
In this paper, classification and characteristics of the phase change materials(PCM) were introduced briefly. According to the different required temperatures of cold chain logistics, PCM could be classified as cold storage PCM and freeze storage PCM. According to the leakage problem of solid-liquid material in the liquid state, the research status of supporter for phase change material like PCM microcapsule, metal foam, super absorbent polymer(SAP) were introduced. And the characteristics and research progress of inorganic, organic, inorganic-organic PCM were elaborated and analyzed. Aiming at the problems such as phase separation, supercooling, corrosion and low heat conductivity, the corresponding solutions were introduced. In the end, the existing problems of the application of PCM to cold chain logistics were pointed out. The prospects of PCM for cold chain logistics were proposed.
引文
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[26]KUMANO H,HIRATA T,KUDOH T.Effects of polyvinyl alcohol on supercooling phenomena of water[J].International Journal of Refrigeration,2009,32(3):454-461.
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[30]刘玉东.纳米复合低温相变蓄冷材料的制备及热物性研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2005.
[31]刘玉东,李夔宁,何钦波,等.低温纳米复合相变蓄冷材料热物性研究[J].工程热物理学报,2008,29(1):105-107.
[32]何钦波,童明伟,刘玉东.低温相变蓄冷纳米流体成核过冷度的实验研究[J].制冷学报,2007,28(4):33-36.
[33]何钦波,郑兆志.低温相变蓄冷纳米流体黏度特性实验研究[J].化工机械,2011,38(4):420-422.
[34]何钦波,郑兆志,吴治将.低温相变纳米流体释冷特性研究[J].制冷学报,2011,32(5):64-66.
[35]郭蘅,邸倩倩,刘斌,等.冷藏运输用Al2O3-H2O纳米流体蓄冷相变时间分析[J].应用化工,2014,43(12):2144-2148.
[36]ORóE,MIRóL,BARRENECHE C,et al.Corrosion of metal and polymer containers for use in PCM cold storage[J].Applied Energy,2013,109:449-453.
[37]袁军,蔡勤生,陶加法,等.铁路冷藏车相变蓄冷材料的研制[J].制冷,2006,25(3):10-14.
[38]PENG S,FUCHS A,WIRTS R A.Polymeric phase change composites for thermal energy storage[J].Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2004,93(3):1240-1251.
[39]SARI A,SARI H,?NAL A.Thermal properties and thermal reliability of eutectic mixtures of some fatty acids as latent heat storage materials[J].Energy Conversion and Management,2004,45(3):365-376.
[40]SARI A.Eutectic mixtures of some fatty acids for latent heat storage:thermal properties and thermal reliability with respect to thermal cycling[J].Energy Conversion and Management,2006,47(9/10):1207-1221.
[41]赵建辉.适用于血液疫苗相变材料的研制以及相变蓄能技术在部队冷藏库集装箱改造中的应用[D].北京:中国人民解放军军事医学科学院,2010.
[42]杨颖,张伟,董昭,等.冷藏车用新型复合相变蓄冷材料的制备及热性能研究[J].化工新型材料,2013,41(11):41-43.
[43]YAMAGISHI Y,SUGENO T,ISHIGE T,et al.An evaluation of microencapsulated PCM for use in cold energy transportation medium[C]//Proceedings of the31st Intersociety Energy Conversion Engineering Conference.Washington,DC:IEEE,1996,3:2077-2083.
[44]于党伟.冷藏用控温包装微胶囊相变蓄冷材料的制备及性能优化研究[D].无锡:江南大学,2014.
[45]沈海英.复合相变蓄冷材料热物性研究及其在冰箱数值模拟中的应用[D].重庆:重庆大学,2008.
[46]杨颖,沈海英.复合低温相变蓄冷材料的实验研究[J].低温物理学报,2009,31(2):144-147.
[47]高凯,阎瑞香,董爱平,等.果蔬运输保鲜蓄冷剂的研制[J].保鲜与加工,2010,10(6):20-23.
[48]戚晓丽.复合相变蓄冷剂开发及在果蔬保鲜上的应用研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2015.
[49]朱冰清.农产品冷链专用相变蓄冷剂研制与初步应用[D].杭州:浙江大学,2015.
[2]李锦,谢如鹤.冷藏运输装备技术研究进展[J].流体机械,2014,42(5):82-87.
[3]NAGANO K,OGAWA K,MOCHIDA T,et al.Thermal characteristics of magnesium nitrate hexahydrate and magnesium chloride hexahydrate mixture as a phase change material for effective utilization of urban waste heat[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2004,24(2/3):221-232.
[4]ORóE,DE GRACIA A,CASTELL A,et al.Review on phase change materials(PCMs)for cold thermal energy storage applications[J].Applied Energy,2012,99:513-533.
[5]梁辰,闫全英.相变储能技术的研究和发展[J].建筑节能,2007,35(12):41-44.
[6]曹洪吉,刘伟.相变材料在建筑上应用现状[J].江苏建筑,2013(6):86-88.
[7]李祎彧,于航,刘淑娟.相变材料微胶囊的国内外研究现状[J].能源技术,2007,28(1):4-10.
[8]杨骁博,袁卫星,姜军.不同温区相变微胶囊的制备及研究进展[J].制冷,2009,28(4):49-57.
[9]李元玲.高吸水性树脂的研究进展[J].漯河职业技术学院学报,2011,10(5):9-12.
[10]谭爱龄,陈璐,柳建良.高吸水性树脂复合相变材料的冻融特性[J].化工进展,2011,30(10):2262-2265.
[11]潘欣.食品相变蓄冷剂的研制[D].杭州:浙江大学,2005.
[12]高斯.保温包装中蓄冷剂的研制[D].无锡:江南大学,2012.
[13]柳建良.LASP/AA/AM高吸水树脂的合成、性能及蓄冷保鲜应用研究[D].广州:广东工业大学,2012.
[14]张芸.一种可降解凝胶蓄冷剂的研制[D].无锡:江南大学,2013.
[15]张伟.冰箱冷藏工况下新型复合相变蓄冷材料的制备及热性能研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2013.
[16]杨宪宁,谢永奇,余建祖,等.泡沫铜相变材料在运血车中的储能应用研究[J].制冷学报,2011,32(2):58-62.
[17]高凯,张娜,杨秀茹,等.蓄冷剂在油麦菜保鲜中的应用研究[J].保鲜与加工,2010,10(3):30-32.
[18]洪乔荻,邹同华,宋晓燕,等.疫苗运输用蓄冷材料性能研究[J].低温与超导,2013,41(8):59-62.
[19]王瑞星,刘斌,邸倩倩,等.菜花在纳米蓄冷运输包装箱里的温度变化研究[J].食品工业,2014,35(11):110-114.
[20]HAN B,CHOI J H,DANTZIG J A,et al.A quantitative analysis on latent heat of an aqueous binary mixture[J].Cryobiology,2006,52(1):146-151.
[21]唐娟.新型低温相变蓄冷材料的热物性及应用研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2007.
[22]汤元睿,谢晶,徐慧文,等.相变蓄冷工艺在金枪鱼冷链物流中的应用研究[J].现代食品科技,2015,31(1):173-178.
[23]樊栓狮,孙始财,梁德青,等.一种新型蓄冷冰箱及其运行过程研究[J].制冷,2005,24(1):1-4.
[24]张仁元.相变材料与相变储能技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2009:108-115.
[25]李兴仁.低温相变蓄冷材料及其蓄冷特性的实验研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2004.
[26]KUMANO H,HIRATA T,KUDOH T.Effects of polyvinyl alcohol on supercooling phenomena of water[J].International Journal of Refrigeration,2009,32(3):454-461.
[27]MATSUI T,YOSHIDA M,YAMASAKI H,et al.Thermal properties of multicomponent fatty acids as solid-liquid phase change materials for cooling applications[J].Chemical Engineering Communications,2007,194(1):129-139.
[28]刘家庆.蓄冷式冷藏车用蓄冷材料的研制及其热性能的研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨商业大学,2014.
[29]刘翠娜.便携式食品保鲜箱关键技术研究[D].青岛:青岛理工大学,2010.
[30]刘玉东.纳米复合低温相变蓄冷材料的制备及热物性研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2005.
[31]刘玉东,李夔宁,何钦波,等.低温纳米复合相变蓄冷材料热物性研究[J].工程热物理学报,2008,29(1):105-107.
[32]何钦波,童明伟,刘玉东.低温相变蓄冷纳米流体成核过冷度的实验研究[J].制冷学报,2007,28(4):33-36.
[33]何钦波,郑兆志.低温相变蓄冷纳米流体黏度特性实验研究[J].化工机械,2011,38(4):420-422.
[34]何钦波,郑兆志,吴治将.低温相变纳米流体释冷特性研究[J].制冷学报,2011,32(5):64-66.
[35]郭蘅,邸倩倩,刘斌,等.冷藏运输用Al2O3-H2O纳米流体蓄冷相变时间分析[J].应用化工,2014,43(12):2144-2148.
[36]ORóE,MIRóL,BARRENECHE C,et al.Corrosion of metal and polymer containers for use in PCM cold storage[J].Applied Energy,2013,109:449-453.
[37]袁军,蔡勤生,陶加法,等.铁路冷藏车相变蓄冷材料的研制[J].制冷,2006,25(3):10-14.
[38]PENG S,FUCHS A,WIRTS R A.Polymeric phase change composites for thermal energy storage[J].Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2004,93(3):1240-1251.
[39]SARI A,SARI H,?NAL A.Thermal properties and thermal reliability of eutectic mixtures of some fatty acids as latent heat storage materials[J].Energy Conversion and Management,2004,45(3):365-376.
[40]SARI A.Eutectic mixtures of some fatty acids for latent heat storage:thermal properties and thermal reliability with respect to thermal cycling[J].Energy Conversion and Management,2006,47(9/10):1207-1221.
[41]赵建辉.适用于血液疫苗相变材料的研制以及相变蓄能技术在部队冷藏库集装箱改造中的应用[D].北京:中国人民解放军军事医学科学院,2010.
[42]杨颖,张伟,董昭,等.冷藏车用新型复合相变蓄冷材料的制备及热性能研究[J].化工新型材料,2013,41(11):41-43.
[43]YAMAGISHI Y,SUGENO T,ISHIGE T,et al.An evaluation of microencapsulated PCM for use in cold energy transportation medium[C]//Proceedings of the31st Intersociety Energy Conversion Engineering Conference.Washington,DC:IEEE,1996,3:2077-2083.
[44]于党伟.冷藏用控温包装微胶囊相变蓄冷材料的制备及性能优化研究[D].无锡:江南大学,2014.
[45]沈海英.复合相变蓄冷材料热物性研究及其在冰箱数值模拟中的应用[D].重庆:重庆大学,2008.
[46]杨颖,沈海英.复合低温相变蓄冷材料的实验研究[J].低温物理学报,2009,31(2):144-147.
[47]高凯,阎瑞香,董爱平,等.果蔬运输保鲜蓄冷剂的研制[J].保鲜与加工,2010,10(6):20-23.
[48]戚晓丽.复合相变蓄冷剂开发及在果蔬保鲜上的应用研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2015.
[49]朱冰清.农产品冷链专用相变蓄冷剂研制与初步应用[D].杭州:浙江大学,2015.