我国城市地震安全示范社区创建现状与未来发展设想
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摘要
防震减灾是国家公共安全的重要组成部分,提升社区地震安全水平是当前城市社区可持续发展的关键环节。本文系统介绍了我国城市地震安全示范社区的创建理念、历史沿革及评价体系和部分案例,结合其区域经济水平、历史地震、潜在震源,分析了当前我国城市国家级地震安全示范社区的创建现状,提出了采用多级天际线选择和模糊综合评价相结合对示范社区发展分布、辐射影响进行评估的方法,给出建设信息管理系统、建立第三方评审机制、促进多元主体参与治理等针对性建议,为我国城市以社区为单位进一步推进防灾减灾工作提供了数据支撑及发展方向。
Earthquake prevention and hazards reduction are important parts of national public security,as the sustainable development of urban communities makes the improvement of the community`s earthquake safety level a key point. The establishment concept,historical evolution,assessment system and several practical cases of China's urban earthquake safety demonstration communities were presented and analyzed based on the regional economic level,historical earthquakes and potential seismic source zones. An evaluation method of the distribution and affection assessment of the demonstration communities was proposed based on multilevel skyline selection and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. Specific suggestions were provided for the future scenario,such as constructing an information management system,establishing a third-party evaluation mechanism and promoting multi-subjects' participation in governance. This study provides data support and development direction to promote disaster prevention and mitigation work in urban communities in China.
Earthquake prevention and hazards reduction are important parts of national public security,as the sustainable development of urban communities makes the improvement of the community`s earthquake safety level a key point. The establishment concept,historical evolution,assessment system and several practical cases of China's urban earthquake safety demonstration communities were presented and analyzed based on the regional economic level,historical earthquakes and potential seismic source zones. An evaluation method of the distribution and affection assessment of the demonstration communities was proposed based on multilevel skyline selection and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. Specific suggestions were provided for the future scenario,such as constructing an information management system,establishing a third-party evaluation mechanism and promoting multi-subjects' participation in governance. This study provides data support and development direction to promote disaster prevention and mitigation work in urban communities in China.
引文
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[8]韩晓彤,葛佳杰,罗国琴.贵阳市地震安全示范社区建设初探[J].科技风,2017,1(1):144-145.HAN Xiaotong,GE Jiajie,LUO Guoqin. Preliminary exploration of the construction of earthquake safety demonstration community in Gui Yang[J]. Technology Wind,2017,1(1):144-145.(in Chinese)
[9]王犍,张东戈.面向优势选择评价的天际线方法[J].军事运筹与系统工程,2017,31(3):61-66.WANG Jian,ZHANG Dongge. Skyline method for dominance selection evaluation[J]. Military Operations Research and Systems Engineering,2017,31(3):61-66.(in Chinese)
[10]陈书才.浅谈尤溪县地震安全社区建设[J].科技风,2014,22:154-155.CHEN Shucai. Discussion on earthquake safety community construction in Youxi County[J]. Technology Wind,2014,22:154-155.(in Chinese)
[11]徐漫晨.适灾韧性理念下城市社区灾害脆弱性及减灾优化方法研究[D].天津:天津大学,2016.XU Manchen,Reasearch on Vulnerability and Disaster Reduction Optimization Method of Urban Community under the Concept of Disaster Resilience[D]. Tianjin:Tianjin University,2016.(in Chinese)
[2]费璇,温家洪,杜士强,等.自然灾害恢复力研究进展[J].自然灾害学报,2014,23(06):19-31.FEI Xuan,WEN Jiahong,DU Shiqiang,et al. Progress in research on natural disaster resilience[J]. Journal of Natural Disasters,2014,23(06):19-31.(in Chinese)
[3]毛小苓,倪晋仁,张菲菲,等.面向社区的全过程风险管理模型的理论和应用[J].自然灾害学报,2006,15(1):23-28.MAO Xiaoling,NI Jinren,ZHANG Feifei,et al. Theory and application of COPRMS model for risk management[J]. Journal of Natural Disasters,2006,15(1):23-28.(in Chinese)
[4]柴彦威,郭文伯.中国城市社区管理与服务的智慧化路径[J].地理科学进展,2015,34(4):466-472.CHAI Yanwei,GUO Wenbo. Smart management and service of communities in Chinese cities[J]. Progress in Geography,2015,34(4):466-472.(in Chinese)
[5]蔡艳.我国安全社区的构建研究[D].青岛:山东大学,2012.CAI Yan. Study on China's Safe Community[D]. Qingdao:Shan Dong University,2012.(in Chinese)
[6]许慧鹏.地震安全社区:彰显典范力量———济南市槐荫区青年公园社区地震应急救援演练纪实[J].城市与减灾,2008,02:47-48+53.XU Huipeng. Seismically safe communities demonstrate model’s power[J]. City and Disaster Reduction,2008,02:47-48+53.(in Chinese)
[7]李亦纲,吴建春,王忠国,等.地震安全示范社区建设标准研究[J].震灾防御技术,2015,10(3):621-628.LI Yigang,WU Jianchun,WANG Zhongguo,et al. Standard of building demonstration earthquake safety community[J]. Technology for Earthquake Disaster Prevention,2015,10(3):621-628.(in Chinese)
[8]韩晓彤,葛佳杰,罗国琴.贵阳市地震安全示范社区建设初探[J].科技风,2017,1(1):144-145.HAN Xiaotong,GE Jiajie,LUO Guoqin. Preliminary exploration of the construction of earthquake safety demonstration community in Gui Yang[J]. Technology Wind,2017,1(1):144-145.(in Chinese)
[9]王犍,张东戈.面向优势选择评价的天际线方法[J].军事运筹与系统工程,2017,31(3):61-66.WANG Jian,ZHANG Dongge. Skyline method for dominance selection evaluation[J]. Military Operations Research and Systems Engineering,2017,31(3):61-66.(in Chinese)
[10]陈书才.浅谈尤溪县地震安全社区建设[J].科技风,2014,22:154-155.CHEN Shucai. Discussion on earthquake safety community construction in Youxi County[J]. Technology Wind,2014,22:154-155.(in Chinese)
[11]徐漫晨.适灾韧性理念下城市社区灾害脆弱性及减灾优化方法研究[D].天津:天津大学,2016.XU Manchen,Reasearch on Vulnerability and Disaster Reduction Optimization Method of Urban Community under the Concept of Disaster Resilience[D]. Tianjin:Tianjin University,2016.(in Chinese)
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