基于新型低损耗平衡变换技术的多相整流系统
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摘要
常规抽头式平衡电抗器技术可有效抑制大功率多相整流器的网侧电流谐波,但负载电流全部流经抽头二极管。这一情况致使二极管导通损耗严重,制约了该技术的应用。为此,提出一种结构简单、可靠性高的谐波抑制方法。该方法从常规六相整流系统的直流侧入手,在常规平衡电抗器上增设一个中心抽头式的绕组,通过合理配置其匝比,并在此绕组与负载之间串接单相全波整流器即可实现。利用该方法对原整流系统电流进行调制,可使原整流器从12脉波工作状态转变为24脉波工作状态。该方法不仅可取得与两抽头变换法一样的网侧电流谐波抑制效果,与两抽头变换法相比,还可使单相全波整流器二极管的平均电流不超过负载电流的2%,即可有效解决了传统抽头变换法因高损耗带来的问题。理论分析、仿真及实验结果均验证了所提方法的正确性和有效性。
Conventional tapped inter-phase reactor(TIPR) can efficiently suppress current harmonics at line side of high power multi-phase rectifier(MPR), but the load current flows totally through the diode of TIPR. This situation makes its conduction loss serious, which restricts its application. Therefore, this paper proposed a harmonic suppression method with simple structure and high reliability. The new method was achieved at the DC side of a conventional six-phase 12-pulse rectifier, by adding a winding with a center tap on the secondary side of the Inter-Phase Reactor, allocating the turn ratio reasonably, and then installing a single phase full wave rectifier between the winding and the load of MPR. Through the current modulation mechanism, the rectifier could be changed from 12 pulse working state to 24 pulse working state. Moreover, compared with the conventional two tap transform method, the proposed method could achieve the same harmonic suppression effect, but enable the average current through the diode not to exceed 2% of the load current. The new method could effectively solve the application difficulties caused by the high loss of TIPR. Theoretical analysis, simulations and experimental results verify the proposed method.
Conventional tapped inter-phase reactor(TIPR) can efficiently suppress current harmonics at line side of high power multi-phase rectifier(MPR), but the load current flows totally through the diode of TIPR. This situation makes its conduction loss serious, which restricts its application. Therefore, this paper proposed a harmonic suppression method with simple structure and high reliability. The new method was achieved at the DC side of a conventional six-phase 12-pulse rectifier, by adding a winding with a center tap on the secondary side of the Inter-Phase Reactor, allocating the turn ratio reasonably, and then installing a single phase full wave rectifier between the winding and the load of MPR. Through the current modulation mechanism, the rectifier could be changed from 12 pulse working state to 24 pulse working state. Moreover, compared with the conventional two tap transform method, the proposed method could achieve the same harmonic suppression effect, but enable the average current through the diode not to exceed 2% of the load current. The new method could effectively solve the application difficulties caused by the high loss of TIPR. Theoretical analysis, simulations and experimental results verify the proposed method.
引文
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[13]朱博,金涛,刘四维.基于PSCAD的多重整流变压器外特性分析软件开发[J].电气技术,2014,15(1):16-21.Zhu Bo,Jin Tao,Liu Siwei.Research and software development on muti-converter rectifier transformer on PSCAD[J].Electrical Engineering,2014,15(1):16-21.
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[16]Kang M,Woo B O,Enjeti P,et al.Autoconnectedelectronic-transformer-based multipulse rectifiers for utility interface of power electronic systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,1999,35(3):646-656.
[17]Pan Q,Ma W,Liu D.A new critical formula and mathematial model of double-tap interphase reactor in a six-phase tap-changer diode rectifier[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2007,54(1):479-485.
[18]Meng F,Yang S,Yang W.Modeling for a multitap interphase reactor in a multipulse diode bridge rectifier[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2009,24(9):2171-2177.
[2]潘启军,马伟明,刘德志.变六相整流系统变压器一次侧断相分析[J].电工技术学报,2004,19(4):45-51.Pan Qijun,Ma Weiming,Liu Dezhi.Analysis of a six-phase rectifier with one broken line in the primary input circuit of transformer[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2004,19(4):45-51.
[3]王佳佳,周念成,王强钢,等.电网电压不平衡下串联型12脉波整流装置的频域谐波建模[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(5):69-78.Wang Jiajia,Zhou Niancheng,Wang Qianggang,et al.Frequency-domain harmonic modeling of the series12-pulse rectifier under unbalanced voltage condition[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(5):69-78.
[4]王宇.基于Matlab/Simulink的12脉波整流电路谐波分析[J].电气技术,2013,14(10):25-27.Wang Yu.Analysis for 12-pulse rectifier on Matlab/Simulink[J].Electrical Engineering,2013,14(10):25-27.
[5]朱屹,杨世彦,孟凡刚.直流侧带PWM整流器的12脉波整流系统及其负载适应性[J].电工技术学报,2012,27(8):85-92.Zhu Yi,Yang Shiyan,Meng Fangang.Output12-pulse rectifier system with a PWM rectifier at DC side and its load adaptability[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2012,27(8):85-92.
[6]Singh B,Gairola S,Singh B N,et al.Multi-pulse AC-DC converters for improving power quality:a review[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2008,23(3):260-281.
[7]唐欣,罗安,涂春鸣.新型注入式混合有源滤波器的研究[J].电工技术学报,2004,19(11):50-55.Tang Xin,Luo An,Tu Chunming.Study of new injection type hybrid active power filter[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2004,19(11):50-55.
[8]刘博,贲洪奇,白银龙,等.PWM整流器轻载条件下网侧电流谐波分析与抑制[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(增刊1):162-168.Liu Bo,Ben Hongqi,Bai Yinlong,et al.Analysis and suppression of current harmonics in grid side of PWM rectifiers during light load[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(S1):162-168.
[9]张钢,董侃,刁利军,等.大功率牵引逆变器的中频区调制算法对比研究[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(增刊2):1-9.Zhang Gang,Dong Kan,Diao Lijun,et al.A comparative study of the modulation algorithm in middle frquency region for high power traction inverter[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(S2):1-9.
[10]刘欣,李尚盛,吴楠,等.基于谐波源注入的SAPF补偿容量确定方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(2):1-5.Liu Xin,Li Shangsheng,Wu Nan,et al.Compensation capacity prediction of SAPF based on harmonic source injection[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(2):1-5.
[11]汪玉凤,孟庆达,刘涛,等.有源滤波器故障诊断与容错控制改进策略的研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(13):145-150.Wang Yufeng,Meng Qingda,Liu Tao,et al.Research of improved strategy for active power filter fault diagnosis and fault tolerant control[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(13):145-150.
[12]赵辉,吕新亚,王红君,等.基于复合控制策略的混合有源滤波器谐波治理研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2015,43(21):60-66.Zhao Hui,LüXinya,Wang Hongjun,et al.Study on control strategy based on compound control for hybrid active power filter harmonic governance[J].Power System Protection and Control,2015,43(21):60-66.
[13]朱博,金涛,刘四维.基于PSCAD的多重整流变压器外特性分析软件开发[J].电气技术,2014,15(1):16-21.Zhu Bo,Jin Tao,Liu Siwei.Research and software development on muti-converter rectifier transformer on PSCAD[J].Electrical Engineering,2014,15(1):16-21.
[14]Bozovic P,Pejovic P.Current-injection-based 12-pulse rectifier using a single three-phase diode bridge[J].IET Electric Power Applications,2007,1(2):209-216.
[15]Choi S,Lee B S,Enjeti P N.New 24-pulse diode rectifier systems for utility interface of high power AC motor drives[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,1997,33(2):531-541.
[16]Kang M,Woo B O,Enjeti P,et al.Autoconnectedelectronic-transformer-based multipulse rectifiers for utility interface of power electronic systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,1999,35(3):646-656.
[17]Pan Q,Ma W,Liu D.A new critical formula and mathematial model of double-tap interphase reactor in a six-phase tap-changer diode rectifier[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2007,54(1):479-485.
[18]Meng F,Yang S,Yang W.Modeling for a multitap interphase reactor in a multipulse diode bridge rectifier[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2009,24(9):2171-2177.