基于Nd:YAG/Cr:YAG复合晶体结构的被动调Q固体微片激光器
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摘要
研究了一种基于Nd:YAG/Cr:YAG复合晶体结构的被动调Q固体微片激光器。以Cr:YAG可饱和吸收体为被动调Q器件,采用元件一体化设计,输出单脉冲能量为3.5mJ,脉宽为2.1ns,峰值功率为1.67 MW,性能指标达到国际同类水平。利用被动调Q激光速率方程,计算了微片激光器的关键参数,脉冲能量的理论值与实验值基本一致。对复合微片激光器元件进行了集成和组装,得到了Nd:YAG/Cr:YAG微片激光器原理样机。样机能够成功击穿目标靶附近的空气并产生等离子体,初步满足了作为激光火花塞的技术要求。
A passively Q-switched solid state monolithic laser based on the composite Nd:YAG/Cr:YAG crystal is studied.A Cr:YAG saturable absorber is taken as the passively Q-switched unit and the component integration design is adopted.A laser with output energy of 3.5 mJ,pulse width of 2.1 ns and peak power of 1.67 MW is obtained.The performance factors reach the same level in the world.The key parameters of this monolithic laser are calculated based on the passively Q-switched rate equation,and the theoretical pulse energy value is basically consistent with the experimental value.A prototype of the Nd:YAG/Cr:YAG monolithic laser is obtained based on the integration and assembly of the components of a composite monolithic laser,which can successfully breakdown the air near the target and induce plasma.The preliminary requirement as a laser plug is satisfied.
A passively Q-switched solid state monolithic laser based on the composite Nd:YAG/Cr:YAG crystal is studied.A Cr:YAG saturable absorber is taken as the passively Q-switched unit and the component integration design is adopted.A laser with output energy of 3.5 mJ,pulse width of 2.1 ns and peak power of 1.67 MW is obtained.The performance factors reach the same level in the world.The key parameters of this monolithic laser are calculated based on the passively Q-switched rate equation,and the theoretical pulse energy value is basically consistent with the experimental value.A prototype of the Nd:YAG/Cr:YAG monolithic laser is obtained based on the integration and assembly of the components of a composite monolithic laser,which can successfully breakdown the air near the target and induce plasma.The preliminary requirement as a laser plug is satisfied.
引文
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[21]Pavel N,Tsunekane M,Taira T.Composite,allceramics,high-peak power Nd:YAG/Cr4+:YAGmonolithic micro-laser with multiple-beam output for engine ignition[J].Optics Express,2011,19(10):9378-9384.
[22]Lorenz S,Barwinkel M,Mühlbauer W,et al.Pulse train ignition with passively Q-switched laser spark plugs under engine-like conditions[C]∥Günther M,Sens M.Ignition Systems for Gasoline Engines.Cham:Springer,2016:254-259.
[23]Dong J.Numerical modeling of CW-pumped repetitively passively Q-switched Yb:YAG lasers with Cr:YAG as saturable absorber[J].Optics Communications,2003,226(1-6):337-344.
[24]Dong J,Lu J R,Ueda K I.Experiments and numerical simulation of a diode-laser-pumped Cr,Nd:YAG self-Q-switched laser[J].Journal of the Optical Society of America B,2004,21(12):2130-2136.
[25]Zhou B K,Gao Y Z,Chen Z R,et al.Laser principles[M].Beijing:National Defense Industry Press,2004:226-227.周炳琨,高以智,陈徟嵘,等.激光原理[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2004:226-227.
[2]Tauer J,Kofler H,Wintner E.Laser-initiated ignition[J].Laser&Photonics Reviews,2010,4(1):99-122.
[3]Chen M,Dou Z G,Xi W X.Advances in methods of laser-induced plasma ignition[J].Laser&Optoelectronics Progress,2018,55(3):030010.陈梦,窦志国,席文雄.激光诱导等离子体点火方法研究进展[J].激光与光电子学进展,2018,55(3):030010.
[4]Nakaya S,Iseki S,Gu X J,et al.Flame kernel formation behaviors in close dual-point laser breakdown spark ignition for lean methane/air mixtures[J].Proceedings of the Combustion Institute,2017,36(3):3441-3449.
[5]Phuoc T X.Single-point versus multi-point laser ignition:experimental measurements of combustion times and pressures[J].Combustion and Flame,2000,122(4):508-510.
[6]Morsy M H,Ko Y S,Chung S H,et al.Laserinduced two-point ignition of premixture with a single-shot laser[J].Combustion and Flame,2001,124(4):724-727.
[7]Myers M J,Myers J D,Guo B P,et al.Practical internal combustion engine laser spark plug development[J].Proceedings of SPIE,2007,6662:66620E.
[8]Phuoc T X.Laser-induced spark ignition fundamental and applications[J].Optics and Lasers in Engineering,2006,44(5):351-397.
[9]Yang L,Dong J.Progress in laser ignition based on passively Q-switched solid-state lasers[J].Laser&Optoelectronics Progress,2015,52(3):030007.杨林,董俊.基于被动调Q固体激光器的激光点火系统的研究进展[J].激光与光电子学进展,2015,52(3):030007.
[10]Geng A C.Solid state laser and applications[M].Beijing:National Defense Industry Press,2014:57-67.耿爱丛.固体激光器及其应用[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2014:57-67.
[11]Liedl G,Schuoecker D,Geringer B,et al.Laserinduced ignition of gasoline direct-injection engines[J].Proceedings of SPIE,2005,5777:955-961.
[12]Gao P,Huang J H,Liu H G,et al.Passively Q-switched solid-state Tm:YAG laser with MoS2as saturable absorber[J].Chinese Journal of Lasers,2018,45(7):0701002.高攀,黄见洪,刘华刚,等.基于可饱和吸收体MoS2的固态Tm:YAG被动调Q激光器[J].中国激光,2018,45(7):0701002.
[13]Kofler H,Tauer J,Tartar G,et al.An innovative solid-state laser for engine ignition[J].Laser Physics Letters,2007,4(4):322-327.
[14]Tsunekane M,Inohara T,Kanehara K,et al.Microsolid-state laser for ignition of automobile engines[M]∥Advances in Solid State Lasers Development and Applications.Tokyo:InTech,2010:195-210.
[15]Bhandari R,Taira T.>6MW peak power at 532nm from passively Q-switched Nd:YAG/Cr4+:YAGmicrochip laser[J].Optics Express,2011,19(20):19135-19141.
[16]Lee K,Lee H C,Cho J Y,et al.Passively Q-switched,high peak power Nd:YAG laser pumped by QCW diode laser[J].Optics&Laser Technology,2012,44(7):2053-2057.
[17]Dong J,Wang G Y,Ren Y Y.Advances in passively Q-switched solid-state lasers based on composite materials[J].Chinese Journal of Lasers,2013,40(6):0601003.董俊,王光宇,任滢滢.基于复合材料的被动调Q固体激光器的研究进展[J].中国激光,2013,40(6):0601003.
[18]Li L,Pan X R,Geng Y G.Temperature field of Nd:YAG microchip heat capacity laser end-pumped by LD[J].Laser&Optoelectronics Progress,2017,54(12):121404.李隆,潘晓瑞,耿鹰鸽.LD端面抽运Nd:YAG微片热容激光器温度场[J].激光与光电子学进展,2017,54(12):121404.
[19]Miao J G,Wang B S,Peng J Y,et al.Efficient diode-pumped passively Q-switched laser with Nd:YAG/Cr:YAG composite crystal[J].Optics&Laser Technology,2008,40(1):137-141.
[20]Wang H X,Yang X Q,Zhao S,et al.2ns-pulse,compact and reliable microchip lasers by Nd:YAG/Cr4+:YAG composite crystal[J].Laser Physics,2009,19(8):1824-1827.
[21]Pavel N,Tsunekane M,Taira T.Composite,allceramics,high-peak power Nd:YAG/Cr4+:YAGmonolithic micro-laser with multiple-beam output for engine ignition[J].Optics Express,2011,19(10):9378-9384.
[22]Lorenz S,Barwinkel M,Mühlbauer W,et al.Pulse train ignition with passively Q-switched laser spark plugs under engine-like conditions[C]∥Günther M,Sens M.Ignition Systems for Gasoline Engines.Cham:Springer,2016:254-259.
[23]Dong J.Numerical modeling of CW-pumped repetitively passively Q-switched Yb:YAG lasers with Cr:YAG as saturable absorber[J].Optics Communications,2003,226(1-6):337-344.
[24]Dong J,Lu J R,Ueda K I.Experiments and numerical simulation of a diode-laser-pumped Cr,Nd:YAG self-Q-switched laser[J].Journal of the Optical Society of America B,2004,21(12):2130-2136.
[25]Zhou B K,Gao Y Z,Chen Z R,et al.Laser principles[M].Beijing:National Defense Industry Press,2004:226-227.周炳琨,高以智,陈徟嵘,等.激光原理[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2004:226-227.