凸形封头与筒体不连续区域应力分布及优化
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摘要
针对凸形封头与筒体不连续引起局部范围内应力迅速增大,使压力容器强度削弱的现象,利用有限元分析软件ANSYS,以球形封头、椭圆形封头和碟形封头这3种凸形封头为研究对象,考察不连续现象对其应力分布和应力集中系数的影响,并对其进行优化。结果表明:3种凸形封头压力容器的最大应力出现在不连续区域;远离不连续区域,应力基本维持不变,为薄膜应力; 3种凸形封头削边长度出现临界值;对3种凸形封头削边段进行优化,球形封头压力容器优化效果最理想。研究结果对于凸形封头与筒体不连续区域应力分布及优化有一定的参考意义。
The discontinuity between convex head and cylinder results in rapid increase of local stress,which weakens the strength of pressure vessel. ANSYS finite element analysis software was used,three convex heads,spherical head,elliptical head and dish head were studied. The effects of discontinuity on stress distribution and stress concentration coefficient were investigated and optimized. The results show that the maximum stress of three kinds of convex head pressure vessel appears in discontinuous region; far away from discontinuous region,and stress basically remains unchanged,which is membrane stress; trimming length of three kinds of convex head appears critical value; trimming section of three kinds of convex head is optimized,and spherical head pressure vessel has the best optimization effect.The research results have certain guiding significance for stress distribution and optimization in discontinuous region of convex head and cylinder.
The discontinuity between convex head and cylinder results in rapid increase of local stress,which weakens the strength of pressure vessel. ANSYS finite element analysis software was used,three convex heads,spherical head,elliptical head and dish head were studied. The effects of discontinuity on stress distribution and stress concentration coefficient were investigated and optimized. The results show that the maximum stress of three kinds of convex head pressure vessel appears in discontinuous region; far away from discontinuous region,and stress basically remains unchanged,which is membrane stress; trimming length of three kinds of convex head appears critical value; trimming section of three kinds of convex head is optimized,and spherical head pressure vessel has the best optimization effect.The research results have certain guiding significance for stress distribution and optimization in discontinuous region of convex head and cylinder.
引文
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[2]谭蔚.化工设备设计基础[M].天津:天津大学出版社,2000:204-213.
[3]潘国昌,郭庆丰.化工设备设计[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1996:142-150.
[4]王志文,蔡仁良.化工容器设计[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2005:56-67.
[5]陈浩,陈小敏,马慧珍,等.热套式超高压容器筒体有限元分析及优化[J].当代化工,2015,44(2):417-420.
[6]曾宪琨.球形封头与筒体不等厚连接过渡结构设计[J].一重技术,2013,13(4):67-71.
[7]李杨,张兴芳,蔡业斌.高压容器筒体与封头过渡区对应力集中的影响及优化设计[J].化工机械,2016,43(3):320-323.
[8]余伟炜,高炳军. ANSYS在机械与化工装备中的应用[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2006:241-248.
[9]虞新建,曾涛,罗云蓉.碟形封头与筒体连接处边缘应力的研究[J].机械,2008,35(1):8-11.
[10]李程,王茂廷,龚雪,等.椭圆封头中心接管在内压及弯矩作用下的应力分析[J].当代化工,2013,27(1):105.
[11]张文建,江楠.压力容器开孔接管的疲劳分析[J].化工机械,2010,37(3):324-327.
[12]蔡洪能,王雅生,张国栋.厚壁压力容器接管应力分布的三维有限元分析[J].中国机械工程,2000,07(7):83-85.
[13]杜四宏,刘海洪.压力容器开孔接管区的有限元分析[J].中国化工装备,2010,1(26):20.
[14]张彩丽.压力容器的有限元分析及优化设计[J].陕西科技大学学报,2012,30(6),94-96.
[15]谭晶莹,刘胜.基于ANSYS的压力容器壁厚优化设计[J].湖南理工学院学报,2016,18(5):46.