两种桑科植物叶片光合及光呼吸对模拟干旱的响应
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摘要
采用150 g/L的聚乙二醇(Polyethylene glycol,PEG)模拟干旱胁迫,研究两种桑科植物(构树和桑树)的叶片光合及光呼吸特征对干旱胁迫的响应。对植物培养液的相关化学参数以及叶片的光合参数进行测定,结果表明:干旱对构树根系吸水能力的影响小于桑树的;构树以中光合-低蒸腾-高水分利用率的模式适应干旱环境,桑树以低光合-低蒸腾-高水分利用率的模式来应对干旱环境;在模拟干旱环境下,构树以稳定的羧化效率-高光呼吸速率-高光呼吸利用份额来适应外界胁迫,而桑树以低羧化效率-低光呼吸速率-低光呼吸利用份额来应对外界胁迫。构树表现出对外界干旱胁迫更好的适应性,这种适应机制可能与其较强的光呼吸作用及其碳酸氢根离子利用能力有关。这种"以碳换水"的机制可能是喀斯特适生植物适应岩溶干旱的又一个重要机制。
The responses of photosynthetic and photorespiration characteristics of two plants of Moraceae( Broussonetia papyrifera and Morus alba.) to the drought stress were studied by applying 150 g/L polyethylene glycol( PEG) to simulate the arid environment. The relevant chemical parameters of the culture medium and the photosynthetic parameters of leaves were measured. The arid environment was found to have less effect on the water absorption capacity of Broussonetia papyrifera than that of Morus alba. The Broussonetia papyrifera adapted to the arid environment by moderate photosynthesis,low transpiration and high water use efficiency,while the Morus alba by low photosynthetic,low transpiration and high water use efficiency. In the simulated drought environment,the Broussonetia papyrifera adapted to external stress by stable carboxylation efficiency,high photosynthetic capacity,high photosynthetic capacity utilization share,while the Morus alba by low carboxylation efficiency,low light respiration rate and low light respiration utilization share. The mulberry tree showed a higher adaptive capacity to the external drought stress than Morus alba. This adaptive mechanism of Broussonetia papyrifera may be related to its higher photorespiration rate and the ability of utilizing bicarbonate ions. The"consuming carbon for water"mechanism may be an important mechanism for plants to adapt for the karst drought.
The responses of photosynthetic and photorespiration characteristics of two plants of Moraceae( Broussonetia papyrifera and Morus alba.) to the drought stress were studied by applying 150 g/L polyethylene glycol( PEG) to simulate the arid environment. The relevant chemical parameters of the culture medium and the photosynthetic parameters of leaves were measured. The arid environment was found to have less effect on the water absorption capacity of Broussonetia papyrifera than that of Morus alba. The Broussonetia papyrifera adapted to the arid environment by moderate photosynthesis,low transpiration and high water use efficiency,while the Morus alba by low photosynthetic,low transpiration and high water use efficiency. In the simulated drought environment,the Broussonetia papyrifera adapted to external stress by stable carboxylation efficiency,high photosynthetic capacity,high photosynthetic capacity utilization share,while the Morus alba by low carboxylation efficiency,low light respiration rate and low light respiration utilization share. The mulberry tree showed a higher adaptive capacity to the external drought stress than Morus alba. This adaptive mechanism of Broussonetia papyrifera may be related to its higher photorespiration rate and the ability of utilizing bicarbonate ions. The"consuming carbon for water"mechanism may be an important mechanism for plants to adapt for the karst drought.
引文
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[11]云建英,杨甲定,赵哈林.干旱和高温对植物光合作用的影响机制研究进展[J].西北植物学报,2006,26(3):641-648.
[12]吴沿友.喀斯特适生植物固碳增汇策略[J].中国岩溶,2011,30(4):461-465.
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[16]夏宣宣,张淑勇,张光灿,等.黄土丘陵区土壤水分对黄刺玫叶片光响应特征参数的影响[J].生态学报,2016,36(16):5142-5149.
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[20] Thornley J H M. Mathematical Models in plant physiology[M],Academic Press(Inc.)London,Ltd,1976
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[22]惠红霞,许兴,李前荣.外源甜菜碱对盐胁迫下枸杞光合功能的改善[J].西北植物学报,2003,23(12):2137-2142.
[23]康华靖,陶月良,权伟,等.植物光合CO2响应模型对光下(暗)呼吸速率拟合的探讨[J].植物生态学报,2014,38(12):1356-1363.
[24] Lawlor D W. Limitation to photosynthesis in water-stressed leaves:Stomata vs. Metabolism and the role of ATP[J]. Annals of Botany,2002,89(7):871-885.
[25] Cooper K,Farrant J M,Recovery of the resurrection plant Craterostigma wilmsii from desiccation:protection versus repair[J]. Journal of Experimental Botany,2002,53(375):1805-1813.
[26]吴永波,薛建辉.盐胁迫对3种白蜡幼苗生长与光合作用的影响[J].南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2002,26(3):19-22.
[27]叶子飘,王怡娟,王令俐,等.大豆叶片光呼吸对光强和CO2浓度的响应[J].生态学杂志,2017,36(9):2535-2541.
[28] Betti M,Bauwe H,Busch F A,et al. Manipulating photorespiration to increase plant productivity:recent advances and perspectives for crop improvement[J]. Journal of Experimental Botany,2016,67(10):2977-2988.
[29]顾骏飞,周振翔,李志康,等.水稻低叶绿素含量突变对光合作用及产量的影响[J].作物学报,2016,42(4):551-560.
[30]周振翔,李志康,陈颖,等.叶绿素含量降低对水稻叶片光抑制与光合电子传递的影响[J].中国农业科学,2016,49(19):3709-3720.
[31]许晓明,张荣铣,唐运来.低叶绿素含量对突变体水稻吸收光能分配特性的影响[J].中国农业科学,2004,37(3):339-343.
[32]汪义龙,夏莹萍,张洁,等.根据光合作用能量代谢测定光呼吸的方法研究[J].植物生理学报,2014,50(8):1248-1254
[33] Busch F A,Sage R F,Farquhar G D. Plant increase CO2uptake by assimilating nitrogen via the photorespiratory pathway[J]. Nature Plant,2018,4(1):46.
[34] Hagemann M,Bauwe H. Photorespiration and the potential to improve photosynthesis[J]. Current Opinion Chemical Biology,2016,35:109-116.
[35]张智胜,彭新湘.光呼吸的功能及其平衡调控[J].植物生理学,2016,52(11):1692-1702.
[36] Cui L L,Lu Y,Li Y,et al. Overexpression of glycolate oxidase confers improved photosynthesis under high light and high temperature in rice[J].Frontiers in Plant Science,2016,7:1165.
[37] Hodges M,Dellero Y,Keech O,et al. Perspectives for a better understanding of the metabolic integration of photorespiration within a complex plant primary metabolism network[J]. Journal of experimental botany,2016,67(10):3015-3026.
[38]吴沿友,梁铮,邢德科.模拟干旱胁迫下构树和桑树的生理特征比较[J].广西植物,2011,31(1):92-96.
[39]陈丽梅,程敏熙,肖晓芳,等.盐溶液电导率与浓度和温度的关系测量[J].实验室研究与探索,2010,29(5):39-42.
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