航空发动机离心通风器断裂故障分析与排除
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摘要
针对某型离心通风器断裂故障,进行结构分析、断口金相检查,并对离心通风器的强度、固有频率、共振转速进行计算和动应力试验。结果表明:该离心通风器断裂故障属高周疲劳破坏;离心通风器与齿轮轴定位结构不合理,使离心通风器齿轮轴在工作转速范围内发生共振,是造成离心通风器断裂的主要原因。根据故障原因制定了排故措施,并进行了动态特性分析与试验验证,取得良好效果。
The structure analysis and metallographic inspection of the fracture were carried out for the fracture fault of a centrifugal ventilator. The strength,natural frequency and resonance speed of the centrifugal ventilator were calculated and the dynamic stress test was carried out. The results show that the fault of the centrifugal ventilator is a high-cycle fatigue failure. The unreasonable positioning structures of centrifugal ventilator and gear shaft cause resonance of gear shaft in the range of working speed,which is the main cause of centrifugal ventilator fracture. According to the causes of the fault,the measures for troubleshooting are formulated,and the dynamic characteristics are analyzed and verified by tests,and good results are obtained.
The structure analysis and metallographic inspection of the fracture were carried out for the fracture fault of a centrifugal ventilator. The strength,natural frequency and resonance speed of the centrifugal ventilator were calculated and the dynamic stress test was carried out. The results show that the fault of the centrifugal ventilator is a high-cycle fatigue failure. The unreasonable positioning structures of centrifugal ventilator and gear shaft cause resonance of gear shaft in the range of working speed,which is the main cause of centrifugal ventilator fracture. According to the causes of the fault,the measures for troubleshooting are formulated,and the dynamic characteristics are analyzed and verified by tests,and good results are obtained.
引文
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[2]林基恕.航空发动机设计手册:第12册传动润滑系统[M].北京:航空工业出版社,2002:511-512.LIN Jishu. Aeroengine design handbook:volume12 drive and lubrication system[M]. Beijing:Aviation Industrial Press, 2002:511-512.(in Chinese)
[3]可成河,董本涵,高鹏飞,等.离心通风器壳体失效分析[J].航空发动机,2002,28(3):21-26.KE Chenghe,DONG Benhan,GAO Pengfei,et al.The structure failure analysis of centrifugal ventilator shell[J]. Aeroengine,2002,28(3):21-26.(in Chinese)
[4]王荣.机械装备的失效分析(续前)第3讲断口分析技术(下)[J].理化检验(物理分册),2016,52(12):833-840.WANG Rong.Failure analysis on mechanical equipment(continuation)lecture 3 fracture analysis technology(Ⅱ)[J]. Physical Testing and Chemical Analysis(Part A:Physical Testing),2016,52(12):833-840.(in Chinese)
[5]陈传尧.疲劳与断裂[M].武汉:华中科技大学出版社,2002:195-200.CHEN Chuanyao.Fatigue and fracture[M]. Wuhan:Huazhong University of Science and Technology Press,2002:195-200.(in Chinese)
[6]李舜铭.机械疲劳与可靠性设计[M].北京:科学出版社,2006:274-277.LI Shunming.Mechanical fatigue and reliability design[M]. Beijing:Sciences Press,2006:274-277.(in Chinese)
[7]高长银,李万全,刘丽.Ansys Workbench 14.5建模与仿真从入门到精通[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2014:112-153.GAO Changyin,LI Wanquan,LIU Li. Ansys Workbench 14.5 modeling and simulation from the beginning to mastery[M]. Beijing:Publishing House of Electronice Industry,2014:112-153.(in Chinese)
[8]晏砺堂,朱梓根,李其汉.高速旋转机械振动[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1994:345-350.YAN Litang,ZHU Zigen,LI Qihan.High speed rotating machinery vibration[M].Beijing:National Defense Industry Press,1994:345-350.(in Chinese)
[9]胡玉勇,吕明,王时英.关于敲击法测量材料固有频率及弹性模量的研究[J].机械工程与自动化,2010(5):88-89.HU Yuyong,LYU Ming,WANG Shiying. Measurement of material natural frequency and elastic modulus by knocking method[J]. Mechanical Engineering and Automation,2010(5):88-89.(in Chinese)
[10]杨伟.某型离心叶轮叶片固有频率测试研究[J].黑龙江科技信息,2011(30):35.YANG Wei.Study on the natural frequency test of a centrifugal impeller blade[J]. Heilongjiang Science and Technology Information,2011(30):35.(in Chinese)
[11]陶春虎,钟培道,王仁智.航空发动机转动部件的失效与预防[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2008:301-310.TAO Chunhu,ZHONG Peidao,WANG Renzhi.Failure and prediction of rotating parts of aeroengine[M].Beijing:National Defense Industry Press,2008:301-310.(in Chinese)
[12]徐灏.机械设计手册:第5卷[M]. 2版.北京:机械工业出版社,2000:524-526.XU Hao. Machine design handbook:volume 5[M]. 2nd ed.Beijing:China Machine Press,2000:524-526.(in Chinese)
[13]杨荣,陈聪慧,张东明,等.某型发动机离心通风器齿轮轴组件焊接区域裂纹故障分析[J].航空发动机,2010,36(5):1-3.YANG Rong,CHEN Conghui,ZHANG Dongming,et al. Crack failure analysis of welding area for an aeroengine centrifugal ventilator gear shaft components[J]. Aeroengine,2010,36(5):1-3.(in Chinese)
[14]中国航空材料手册编辑委员会.中国航空材料手册:第3卷[M].第2版.北京:中国标准出版社,2001:77-82.China Aeronautical Materials Handbook Editorial Board. China aeronautical materials handbook:volume 3[M].2nd ed.Beijing:China Standard Press,2001:77-82.(in Chinese)
[15]中国航空材料手册编辑委员会.中国航空材料手册:第3卷[M].北京:中国标准出版社,2001:110-118.China Aeronautical Materials Handbook Editorial Board.China aeronautical materials handbook:volume 3[M]. Beijing:China Standard Press,2001:110-118.(in Chinese)