基于减振特性的风电弹性支撑设计研究
|
摘要
风力发电机组上发电机的振动问题影响到整个机组的平稳运行,通常在发电机底部使用弹性支撑减小系统的振动。基于机械振动学理论,建立发电机弹性支撑系统数学模型和动力学方程,对发电机弹性支撑的减振特性进行设计研究,论述弹性支撑刚度和阻尼的设计原则。弹性支撑的刚度要考虑橡胶材料变形量标准,发电机弹性支撑系统的固有频率应避开共振频率,系统阻尼比应大于一定值,激励传递率应小于1。结合某机组的工况计算了发电机弹性支撑的刚度和阻尼值,并针对设计的弹性支撑做了现场振动测试,验证了设计的正确性,这对于风电弹性支撑的设计具有重要指导意义。
The vibration of the generator on the wind turbine affects the stable operation of the whole unit. Usually, an elastic support is adopted at the bottom of the generator, in order to reduce the vibration of the unit. In this paper, based on the theory of mechanical vibration, both the mathematical model and the dynamic equation are set forth for the generator's elastic support, so as to analyze its vibration-reduction characteristics and the design principles of its stiffness and damping. As for the stiffness, the deformation standard for rubber material should be taken into account. The natural frequency of the elastic support should be free from the resonance frequency, the damping ratio should be greater than a certain value, and the excitation transmission rate should be less than 1. Under the special working conditions, the stiffness and damping values of the elastic support are calculated, and the on-site vibration test is carried out for the targeted elastic support. The results, which indicate that the design is correct, provide significant guidance for the design of wind generator's elastic support.
The vibration of the generator on the wind turbine affects the stable operation of the whole unit. Usually, an elastic support is adopted at the bottom of the generator, in order to reduce the vibration of the unit. In this paper, based on the theory of mechanical vibration, both the mathematical model and the dynamic equation are set forth for the generator's elastic support, so as to analyze its vibration-reduction characteristics and the design principles of its stiffness and damping. As for the stiffness, the deformation standard for rubber material should be taken into account. The natural frequency of the elastic support should be free from the resonance frequency, the damping ratio should be greater than a certain value, and the excitation transmission rate should be less than 1. Under the special working conditions, the stiffness and damping values of the elastic support are calculated, and the on-site vibration test is carried out for the targeted elastic support. The results, which indicate that the design is correct, provide significant guidance for the design of wind generator's elastic support.
引文
[1]李虎.大型风电机组振动状态监测系统开发[D].北京:华北电力大学(北京),2009.
[2]祝振敏.兆瓦级风电机组振动分析及保护[D].兰州:兰州理工大学,2008.
[3]刘松超,杨栋,魏万兵.大型风力发电机组的齿轮箱液压弹性支撑:中国,CN 201747854 U[P].2011-02-16.
[4]刘春岐,吕珏,朱成顺,等.风力发电机弹性支撑件:中国,CN 101943135 A[P].2011-01-12.
[5]祝平.单相发电机弹性支撑结构:中国,CN101980422A[P].2011-02-23.
[6]Von Flotow A H,Horton T P.Vibration isolation devices and associated systems and methods:US,US8091833[P].2012-01-10.
[7]Abe A.Actuator drive control device for active vibration isolation support system,and methods of using same:US,US7017889[P].2005-03-17.
[8]Mizushima D,Fushimi T,Ichikawa H,et al.Method of setting control data in an active vibration isolation control system and a control method thereof:US,US7747353[P].2007-04-25.
[9]Holliday E S.Driving an active vibration balancer to minimize vibrations at the fundamental and harmonic frequencies:US,US8800302[P].2014-01-16.
[10]Matsunaga H.Free vibration and stability of functionally graded shallow shells according to a 2D higher-order deformation theory[J].Composite Structures,2008,82(4):499-512.
[2]祝振敏.兆瓦级风电机组振动分析及保护[D].兰州:兰州理工大学,2008.
[3]刘松超,杨栋,魏万兵.大型风力发电机组的齿轮箱液压弹性支撑:中国,CN 201747854 U[P].2011-02-16.
[4]刘春岐,吕珏,朱成顺,等.风力发电机弹性支撑件:中国,CN 101943135 A[P].2011-01-12.
[5]祝平.单相发电机弹性支撑结构:中国,CN101980422A[P].2011-02-23.
[6]Von Flotow A H,Horton T P.Vibration isolation devices and associated systems and methods:US,US8091833[P].2012-01-10.
[7]Abe A.Actuator drive control device for active vibration isolation support system,and methods of using same:US,US7017889[P].2005-03-17.
[8]Mizushima D,Fushimi T,Ichikawa H,et al.Method of setting control data in an active vibration isolation control system and a control method thereof:US,US7747353[P].2007-04-25.
[9]Holliday E S.Driving an active vibration balancer to minimize vibrations at the fundamental and harmonic frequencies:US,US8800302[P].2014-01-16.
[10]Matsunaga H.Free vibration and stability of functionally graded shallow shells according to a 2D higher-order deformation theory[J].Composite Structures,2008,82(4):499-512.